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Safety of a 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Elderly Adults Previously Immunized with a 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine: An Open-Label Trial

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World Journal of Vaccines 2013年第4期3卷 123-129页

作者： Tino F. Schwarz Karlis Pauksens Christine Juergens deepthi jayawardene Daniel A. Scott William C. Gruber Beate Schmoele-Thoma Central Laboratory and Vaccination Centre Stiftung Juliusspital Würzburg Germany Department of Medical Sciences Section of Infectious Diseases Uppsala University Akademiska Sjukhuset Uppsala Sweden Pfizer Inc. Collegeville USA Pfizer Pharma GmbH Berlin Germany Pfizer Vaccine Research Pfizer Pearl River USA

An open-label, multicenter study was conducted to describe the safety of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in 1049 individuals aged ≥68 years, who had previously been immunized with the unconjugated 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23). In addition, the safety profile of PCV13 in this study was compared, in a post-hoc descriptive analysis, to that observed in other elderly populations, who had received PCV13 or PPSV23 as part of other completed studies. Local (56.6%) and systemic reactions (58.4%) were very common, but were mainly mild, and of short duration (mean: 1.3 - 4.6 days). There were no related serious adverse events (AEs) within 1 month after PCV13. 123 days after PCV13 and 94 days after a nonstudy influenza vaccine, a case of transient Guillain-Barré syndrome occurred, which the investigator assessed as possibly related to the vaccination. Reactogenicity observed in this study population was generally similar to that of other elderly study populations with PPSV23-preimmunized adults, and with PPSV23-naive adults. Reactogenicity was less common in this study than that observed in PPSV23-preimmunized adults who were revaccinated with PPSV23 rather than a subsequent dose of PCV13. There were no related serious AEs reported after PCV13 and PPSV23 in these comparator studies. Conclusion: PCV13 may be administered safely to older adults previously immunized with PPSV23. (ClinicalTrials. gov Identifier: NCT00500266)

关键词： 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine Streptococcus pneumoniae Reactogenicity Safety

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A Content Analysis of Online News Media Reporting on American Health Care Reform

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2013年第2期10卷 160-168页

作者： Ahmed YoussefAgha Wasantha jayawardene Samuel Obeng David Lohrmann Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics lndiana University Bloomington Indiana 47405 United States Department of Applied Health Science Indiana University Bloomington Indiana 47405 United States Linguistics Department Indiana University Bloomington Indiana 47405 United States

HCR (health care reform) is currently a major concern of many Americans. There are three dimensions that the White House outlined as salient issues, which are also reflective of the fears of the American public: stability/security, quality/affordability and funding. Currently, the area of SA (sentiment analysis) has been witnessing a flurry of novel research. However, only a few attempts have been made to build SA for the health domain. In the current study, we report efforts to partially bridge this gap; we used SA to analyze the article contents in relation to the three dimensions of the plan. It includes a new annotation scheme that incorporates SA of online media that reflected public concerns about the proposed HCR. Chi Square statistics used for categorical data comparison on the perspectives of the media data by the plan dimensions before and after the Affordable Care Act of the proposed HRC was enacted. This work will provide more information about the community vision of HCR.

关键词：医疗保健美国人新闻媒体改革承受能力文章内容平面尺寸分类数据

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Public Concerns and Projected Repercussions of Health Care Reform Using Simulation

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2013年第3期10卷 409-415页

作者： Ahmed YoussefAgha David Lohrmann Wasantha jayawardene Lesa Lorenzen-Huber School of Public Health Bloomington lndiana University Indiana 47405 United States

HCR (health care reform) is currently a major concern of many Americans. There are three dimensions of HCR: stability/security, quality/affordability, and funding. The purpose of this paper is to examine the interrelationships of those three dimensions of public concern. The research compared the perspectives of a simulation and actual media data regarding the HCR before it was enacted. We used stochastic tree simulation to study the interrelationships of predicted repercussions of the three dimensions for those subjects with multiple diseases, a common condition among 65+ age groups or obese groups with several chronic illnesses. Analysis revealed that improved quality of coverage and greater security, dimensions of the Affordable Health Care Act, are associated with stable health insurance, leading to longer periods of quality health. For those subjects on multi-disease, this work simulated the expected utility related to the HCR dimensions interaction. At quality/affordability of (20-50%), the simulation showed that adding more funding within the third dimension for (20%), given that the risk of no security/ stability is within (0-to-20%) is the more reasonable situation. Better health care policies will increase the number of Americans with health insurance and improve public health in the U. S.

关键词：公众健康医疗保健模拟改革慢性疾病承受能力医疗保险 HCR

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Application of Data Mining Techniques to Predict Allergy Outbreaks among Elementary School Children

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2013年第4期10卷 451-460页

作者： Ahmed YoussefAgha Wasantha jayawardene David Lohrmann Gamal E1 Afandi Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Bloomington Indiana University Bloomington 47405USA Department of Applied Health Science School of Public Health Bloomington Indiana University Bloomington 42347 USA College of Agriculture Environment and Nutrition Sciences College of Engineering Tuskegee University Alabama 36088 USA

Objectives of this study were to determine if a relationship exists between occurrence of allergies among elementary school children and daily upper-air observations (temperature, relative humidity, dew point, mixing ratio) and air pollution (particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone); and, if so, to derive a model that predicts allergies. School health records of 168,825 students in elementary schools enrolled in "Health eTools for Schools" within 49 Pennsylvania counties were analyzed. Upper-air measurements from ground level to the 850mb pressure level and air pollution measurements were obtained. Data mining techniques were utilized to validate and integrate three databases. Binary logistic regression used for analysis. A Generalized Estimating Equation model was used to predict the occurrence of more than 13 cases, the daily mean for2008-2010. Results showed that the prevalence of allergies increased over last three years. Upper-air temperature and mixing ratio, as well as SO2, CO, O3, PM10 were significantly associated with occurrence of allergies (p < 0.01). In conclusion, monitoring of upper-air observation and air pollution data overtime can be a reliable means for predicting outbreaks of allergies among elementary school children. Such predictions could help parents and school nurses implement effective precautionary measures.

关键词：过敏性疾病数据挖掘技术技术预测小学生爆发空气污染应用高空观测

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自我污染:对斯里兰卡养虾业的主要威胁

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人类环境杂志 1998年第8期27卷 660-666页

作者： Agnes S.L.E.Corea Ron Johnstone Jayasinghe Jayasinghe Kamburapola G.M.J.jayawardene Santhiago U.K.Ekaratne 沈英娃国家水生资源研究与发展局(NARA)内陆水生资源和水产处斯德哥尔摩大学动物学系水产养殖专业附属于NARA水产处科伦坡大学进修学院

在斯里兰卡西北省份大约120km长的沿海地带,养虾业正在迅速发展。达奇运河蒙德勒潟湖系,即一个由于沙坝的形成使得潮水混合非常有限的半封闭沿岸浅水体系,是主要的半咸水水源和斯里兰卡70%养虾场排放污水的接纳水体。虾场主要建在潮间带... 详细信息

在斯里兰卡西北省份大约120km长的沿海地带,养虾业正在迅速发展。达奇运河蒙德勒潟湖系,即一个由于沙坝的形成使得潮水混合非常有限的半封闭沿岸浅水体系,是主要的半咸水水源和斯里兰卡70%养虾场排放污水的接纳水体。虾场主要建在潮间带,其土地利用类型属于红树林、盐沼和灌丛;占据着60%以上的自然洪泛平原。季风期间的洪水已直接影响着40%的虾场,并且潟湖内洪水的滞留已导致了在2～5周内盐度极低(2ppt),限制了虾场内水的交换。在雨季,虾场内硫化物和氮化物的浓度分别为5.2～8.0mg/L和0.58～0.93mg/L,处于欠佳状态。很明显,排放污水造成的水源污染是由于无计划地设置进水和排水渠道。从酸性硫酸盐土地上修建的池塘,排入主要水体中的水,是高酸性的(pH=3.5),带有高浓度的铝(1.8～2.5mg/L)、镁(0.16～3.6mg/L)和铁(1.7～19.3mgL/)。由养虾活动引起的自我污染已经造成了环境退化,反过来又给养虾业带来重大问题。疾病频发,生长缓慢.质量下降,社会经济问题,以及环境问题,已对养虾业构成了极大的威胁。当确定虾场地点和进行建设时,更好地考虑环境和社会经济因素的计划将有助于改善和确保养虾业的可持续发展。

关键词：养虾业虾池污水排放水体污染

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