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Phytochemical analysis of Tinospora cordifolia and Withania somnifera and their therapeutic activities with special reference to COVID-19

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期14卷 39-47页

作者： Prateek Rai Tanya Garain deepshikha gupta Chemistry Amity Institute of Applied SciencesAmity UniversityNoida 201301Uttar PradeshIndia

Various important medicines make use of secondary metabolites that are produced by *** plants,such as Withania somnifera and Tinospora cordifolia,are rich sources of chemically active compounds and are reported to have numerous therapeutic *** therapeutic use of medicinal plants is widely mentioned in Ayurveda and has folkloric importance in different parts of the *** aim of this review is to summarize the phytochemical profiles,folkloric importance,and primary pharmacological activity of *** and *** with emphasis on their action against the novel coronavirus.

关键词： Phytochemical analysis Tinospora cordifolia Withania somnifera COVID-19 Immunomodulators Giloy Ashwagandha

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Pathways of nanotoxicity:Modes of detection,impact,and challenges

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2021年第4期15卷 512-542页

作者： deepshikha gupta Parul YADAV Devesh GARG Tejendra K.gupta Amity Institute of Applied Sciences Amity University Uttar PradeshNoida 201301India

Nanotoxicology has become the subject of intense research for more than two *** of articles have been published but the space in understanding the nanotoxicity mechanism and the assessment is still *** researches clearly show potential benefits of nanomaterials(NMs)in diagnostics and treatment,targeted drug delivery,and tissue engineering owing to their excellent physicochemical ***,these NMs display hazardous health effect then to the greater part of the materials because of small size,large surface area-to-volume ratio,quantum size effects,and environmental ***,a large number of NMs are used in industrial products including several medical applications,consumer,and healthcare ***,they came into the environment without any safety *** measurement of toxicity level has become important because of increasing toxic effects on living *** realistic mechanism-based strategies are still needed to determine the toxic effects of *** the assessment of NMs toxicity,reliable and standardized procedures are *** review article provides systematic studies on toxicity of NMs involving manufacturing,environmental factors,eco-toxic and genotoxic effects,some parameters which have been ignored of NMs versus their biological counterparts,cell heterogeneity,and their current challenges and future perspectives.

关键词： nanomaterial nanotoxicity cytotoxicity,genotoxicity in-vivo and in-vitro toxicity reactive oxygen species

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Analyzing the Prebiotic Potential of Glucosamine for Targeting the Gut Microbiome Health

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第2期14卷 119-134页

作者： Pranav Pancham Divya Jindal Archita gupta deepshikha Yadav Shriya Agarwal Saurabh Jha Manisha Singh Department of Biotechnology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology (JIIT) Noida India Neuroimmunology Laboratory School of Medicine Western Sydney University Campbelltown Australia Birla Institute of Technology Mesra India Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur Kanpur India Bhartiya Nirdeshak Dravya Division CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New Delhi India Physico-Mechanical Metrology Division CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New Delhi India Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India School of Natural Sciences Macquarie University Sydney Australia Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering and Technology Sharda University Greater Noida India

Recognizing the composition and modulation of the microbiome, a viable therapeutic tool for multi-targeted therapy is a new strategy that has recently been explored. Glucosamine (GS) is being studied for its prebiotic potential in addition to being the most abundant and naturally occurring amino monosaccharide. The current study focuses on glucosamine’s prebiotic potential by assessing the stability of various GS concentrations (1% - 5%) in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and its ability to be fermented by the gut microbiota. The results showed that GS stimulated the most growth in L. acidophilus even after a longer incubation time than B. bifidum and L. acidophilus growth was concentration-dependent, with maximum growth at 3% with a simultaneous decrease in pH (5.6 - 1.7). The decrease in GS concentration with time also represented the growth of bacterial species, demonstrating the species’ utilization of GS. Furthermore, at 3%, GS also represented the prebiotic index of 1.9. In addition, the concentration of GS in various simulated GIT fluids was estimated in both fast and fed conditions to examine GS stability at various levels in the gut. The results showed that GS remained unaffected and non-digestible in all of the simulated GIT fluids (salivary, gastric, intestinal, and colonic), but there was a slight decrease in GS concentration (2.8%) in the fasted state of gastric fluid due to low pH levels (1.6). As a result, the findings are conclusive and suggest that GS possesses prebiotic properties.

关键词： Microbiome Enteric Nervous System (ENS) Prebiotic Index Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP) Vagal Afferents Phosphotransferase System

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