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Antioxidant potential and physicochemical properties of protein hydrolysates from body parts of North Atlantic sea cucumber(Cucumaria frondosa)

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2021年第1期3卷 48-69页

作者： Tharindu R.L.Senadheera deepika dave Fereidoon Shahidi Department of Biochemistry Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1B 3X9Canada Marine Bioprocessing Facility Centre of Aquaculture and Seafood DevelopmentFisheries and Marine InstituteMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5R3Canada

Protein hydrolysates were prepared from North Atlantic sea cucumber(Cucumaria frondosa)body wall(BW),and processing by-product flower(FL)and internal organs(IN).Sea cucumber proteins from these three tissues were hydrolysed with selected endopeptidases and *** enzymes used were Alcalase(A),and Corolase(C)as endopeptidases and Flavourzyme(F)with both endo-and exopeptidase *** were employed individually or in combination under controlled *** hydrolysates so prepared were subsequently analysed for their antioxidant potential and functionalities in food systems for the first *** treated with the combination of A and F exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS *** highest metal chelation activity was observed for samples hydrolysed with the combination of enzymes(C+F and A+F).All treatments inhibited beta-carotene bleaching in an oil-in-water emulsion and TBARS production in a meat model *** addition,sea cucumber protein hydrolysates were more than 75%soluble over a pH range of 2–*** proteins were also effective in enhancing water holding capacity in a meat model system compared to their untreated *** amino acids of sea cucumber protein hydrolysates had desirable profiles with glutamic acid as the predominant component in samples *** findings demonstrate the desirable functionalities of hydrolysates from North Atlantic sea cucumber and their potential for use as functional food ingredients.

关键词： Sea cucumber Protein hydrolysates Antioxidant activity Physicochemical properties

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Functional and physiochemical properties of protein isolates from different body parts of North Atlantic sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa)

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Food Bioscience 2023年第2期52卷 1379-1388页

作者： Tharindu R.L.Senadheera Abul Hossain deepika dave Fereidoon Shahidi Department of Biochemistry Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNLA1C 5S7Canada Marine Bioprocessing Facility Centre of Aquaculture and Seafood DevelopmentFisheries and Marine InstituteMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNLA1C 5R3Canada

Sea cucumbers are a good source of proteins and essential amino *** this study,protein isolates were recovered from North Atlantic sea cucumber(Cucumaria frondosa)body wall(BWI)and processing by-products,including flower(FLI)and internal organs(INI),using the pH-shift *** properties of protein isolates were investigated and compared with those of soy protein isolates(SPI).All protein isolates exhibited a typical U-shaped solubility curve showing a minimum solubility at their isoelectric ***,emulsification and foaming properties of the sea cucumber protein isolates were also pH-dependent and corresponded with their *** highest water holding capacity was observed in FLI,whereas SPI showed the lowest oil holding capacity among all tested protein *** cucumber protein isolates exhibited significantly higher(p<0.05)surface hydrophobicity and relatively lower sulfhydryl(SH)group and disulfide(SS)bonds compared to *** addition,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectra of sea cucumber protein isolates exhibited unique absorption peaks related to their secondary *** acid profiles of sea cucumber protein isolates revealed that they could be used as rich and complete sources of essential amino *** findings suggest that Atlantic sea cucumber protein isolates could serve as functional food ingredients.

关键词： Sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa Protein isolates Functional properties

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Degradation of Phenolic Compounds in Creosote Treated Wood Waste by A Mixed Microbial Culture Augmented with Cellulolytic- Thermophilic Actinomaycets <i>Thermobifida fusca</i>

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2012年第1期3卷 83-96页

作者： Abdel E Ghaly Bopeng Zhang deepika dave 不详

Creosote is used for preservation of railway ties and timbers, electric utility poles, marine and foundation piling, fences and garden furniture. Creosote-treated wood waste may cause potential contamination of soil and water if they are not disposed properly. Creosote contains over 300 organic compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds and heterocyclic organic compounds, many of which are toxic to human and can cause damage to kidney, liver, eyes and skin. The feasibility of using a composting technique inoculated with the cellulose degrading actinomycetesThermobifidafusca as a mesophilic/thermophilic bioremediation option to degrade phenolic compounds in creosote treated wood waste was evaluated. The temperature profile of bioremediation process clearly identified mesophilic and thermophilic phases in both experiments. Different degradation rates were observed in the mesophilic and thermophilic phases. Fluctuations of pH was observed in both experiment as the result of the breakdown of organic nitrogen to ammonium in the first week and the formation of organic acids and the loss of ammonium with the exhaust gases in the latter stage. The moisture content decreased in both trials because of the net loss of water with the exhaust gas. Both experiments achieved similar reductions in total carbon and TKN, volatile solids and phenolic compounds, cellulose and lignin indicating similar levels of microbial activities during the composting process. The stability and maturity of the final products were also similar. The inoculation of the cellulolytic-thermophilicactinomycetesThermobifidafusca did not manifest observable differences in degrading cellulose, lignin and phenolic compounds compared with the control.

关键词： Composting Bioremediation Mesophilic Thermophilic Phenolic Compounds Wood Waste

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Effect of assay conditions on the measurement of dehydrogenase activity of <i>Streptomyces venezuelae</i>using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第4期2卷 214-225页

作者： Tracey Burdock Marianne Brooks Abdel Ghaly deepika dave Marianne S Brooks Associate Professor Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada B3J 2X4.

Jadomycin is an antibiotic that has shown activities against bacteria, yeasts and fungi as well as cytotoxic properties to cancer cells. Because of the wide range of its inhibitory actions, jadomycin shows promise as a novel antibiotic and cancer treatment drug. Streptomyces venezuelae are aerobic bacteria that produce jadomycin and the size of bacterial population can significantly affect the yield of jadomycin. Therefore, the bacterial population must be accurately measured in order to standardize the reproducibility of jadomycin production process. In this study, a dehydrogenase activity measurement test, using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC), was used to measure the dehydrogenase activity of Streptomyces venezuelae during growth in maltose-yeast extract-malt extract (MYM) broth. The aims were to evaluate the effectiveness of the test for measuring microbial growth and to study the effects of the test conditions (incubation time, incubation temperature and medium pH) on triphenyl formazan (TF) yield. The results showed that the TF yield was highly correlated to the optical density. The highest TF yield was observed at a pH of 6 at all incubation times and temperature. Lower TF yields were obtained at higher temperature (40 and 50oC) compared to those obtained at lower temperatures (22 and 30oC). The difference between the yields obtained at 22oC and 30oC were not significant. The differences between incubation time were also not significant. The recommended test conditions are an incubation time of 1 hour at a temperature of 30oC and a pH of 6 followed by three extractions using methanol.

关键词： Dehydrogenase Activity Growth Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) Triphenyl Formazan Jadomycin Streptomyces Venezuelae Temperature pH Incubation Time

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Isolation and activation of collagenase from fish processing waste

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第3期3卷 191-203页

作者： Said M. Daboor Suzanne M. Budge Abdel E. Ghaly Marianne S. Brooks deepika dave Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science Faculty of Engineering Dalhousie University Halifax Canada

Collagenase was isolated from fish waste (a mixture of haddock, herring, ground fish and flounder) using a Tris-buffer system. The proteins in the crude extract were precipitated using ammonium sulfate (40% - 80%) and purified with gel-filtration chromatography using Sephadex G-100. The results showed that the collagenase enzyme was produced as a latent enzyme and was activated with bovine trypsin and potassium thiocyanate (KSCN). The enzyme activity was affected by pH and temperature. Optimal enzyme activities were found at 35?C and a pH of 7.5 when insoluble collagene type I was used as substrate and the liberated amino acids were measured in relation to L-leucine in the presence of ninhydrin. The enzyme activity was completely inhibited by the action of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) suggesting that the collagenase enzyme isolated from the fish waste is a metalloproteinase enzyme requiring metal ions for enzyme activity. Dialysis against KSCN decreased the enzyme total activity and increased its specific activity. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacryla-mide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) indicated that the purified procollagenase enzyme have only one band at molecular weight of 50 kilodaltons (kDa). When the enzyme was cleaved with trypsin, it was found to consist of two subunits: a large unit with a molecular weight of 50 kDa and a small unit with a molecular weight of 10 kDa.

关键词： Fish Waste Collagenase Enzyme Extraction Purification Inhibitors Activators

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The Use of 'In Process' Monitoring Equipment in Heat Treatment Today

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 591-596页

作者： dave Plester Datapaq limited Cambridge CB4 OGU UK

This paper looks at how in-process temperature monitoring systems are being increasingly used in heat treatment applications such as surface hardening, annealing, normalizing, tempering etc. We look at the basic equipment required to successfully monitor from within a furnace and how developments such as RF transmission have enhanced the effectiveness of profiling trials to the point where on line adjustments to furnace conditions can be seen and analyzed in real time. We examine how continuous processes can benefit from this type of monitoring and also how routine operations such as furnace surveying in batch furnaces can benefit greatly from in-process monitoring. Advances in software are also considered, showing how packages are now designed to speed up the processing of data in day to day heat treatment operations.

关键词：热处理温度监测器射频传输剖面测量

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IQR-based approach for DDoS detection and mitigation in SDN

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第7期25卷 76-87页

作者： Rochak Swami Mayank dave Virender Ranga Department of Computer Engineering National Institute of TechnologyKurukshetraIndia Department of Information Technology Delhi Technological UniversityDelhiIndia

Software-defined networking(SDN) is a trending networking paradigm that focuses on decoupling of the control logic from the data plane. This decoupling brings programmability and flexibility for the network management by introducing centralized infrastructure. The complete control logic resides in the controller, and thus it becomes the intellectual and most important entity of the SDN infrastructure. With these advantages, SDN faces several security issues in various SDN layers that may prevent the growth and global adoption of this groundbreaking technology. Control plane exhaustion and switch buffer overflow are examples of such security issues. Distributed denial-of-service(DDoS) attacks are one of the most severe attacks that aim to exhaust the controller’s CPU to discontinue the whole functioning of the SDN network. Hence, it is necessary to design a quick as well as accurate detection scheme to detect the attack traffic at an early stage. In this paper, we present a defense solution to detect and mitigate spoofed flooding DDoS attacks. The proposed defense solution is implemented in the SDN controller. The detection method is based on the idea of an statistical measure — Interquartile Range(IQR). For the mitigation purpose, the existing SDN-in-built capabilities are utilized. In this work, the experiments are performed considering the spoofed SYN flooding attack. The proposed solution is evaluated using different performance parameters, i.e., detection time, detection accuracy, packet_in messages, and CPU utilization. The experimental results reveal that the proposed defense solution detects and mitigates the attack effectively in different attack scenarios.

关键词： SDN DdoS IQR Controller CPU utilization Packet_in

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Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Low-Alloy, Medium-Carbon Steels After Multiple Tempering

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第1期32卷 74-88页

作者： Erfan Abbasi Quanshun Luo dave Owens Materials and Engineering Research Institute Sheffield Hallam University Tyzack Machine Knives Ltd

The microstructure and mechanical properties of NiCrMoV-and NiCrSi-alloyed medium-carbon steels were investigated after multiple tempering. After austenitising, the steels were hardened by oil quenching and subsequently double or triple tempered at temperatures from 250 to 500 °C. The samples were characterised using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, while the mechanical properties were evaluated by Vickers hardness testing, V-notched Charpy impact testing and tensile testing. The results showed that the retained austenite was stable up to 400 °C and the applied multiple tempering below this temperature did not lead to a complete decomposition of retained austenite in both steels. It was also found that the microstructure, hardness and impact toughness varied mainly as a function of tempering temperature,regardless of the number of tempering stages. Moreover, the impact toughness of NiCrMoV steel was rather similar after single/triple tempering at different temperatures, while NiCrSi steel exhibited tempered martensite embrittlement after single/double tempering at 400 °C. The observed difference was mainly attributed to the effect of precipitation behaviour due to the effect of alloying additions in the studied steels.

关键词： Medium-carbon steels Multiple tempering Alloying addition Mechanical properties Retained austenite Precipitation behaviour

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Intelligent transportation systems for smart cities:a progress review

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2012年第12期55卷 2908-2914页

作者： COOPER dave E State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang University

To better meet the challenge of providing effective,low-cost,energy efficient transport services,the concept of intelligent transport systems(ITS) has been proposed and lauded as an innovative and promising solution for next generation transport *** this paper,the progress of ITS research around the world is briefly reviewed and current challenges are outlined,thereby offering further insight into ITS development for all researchers in this area.

关键词： intelligent transportation systems traffic information smart city

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Age and outcomes of primary percutaneous intervention for ST elevation myocardial infarction in a tertiary center are we there yet？

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2015年第3期12卷 263-269页

作者： Vinoda Sharma Manivannan Srinivasan dave Smith Morriston Cardiac Center Swansea Wales United Kingdom

Background Primary percutaneous intervention （PPCI） is the treatment of choice for ST elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） but robust evidence in the very elderly is lacking. We compared PPCI outcomes between different age quartiles （quartile I 〈 60 years, quartile 2 〉 60 to 〈 70 years, quartile 3 〉 70 to 〈 80 years, quartile 4 〉 80 years）. Methods Retrospective observational analysis of our Morriston Tertiary Cardiac Center （Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board） patients from 2005 to 2010 with STEMI who underwent PPCI. Resnlts Of 434 patients, 57 （13%） were in quartile 4 （〉 80 years）. In older age quartiles, patients were less likely to receive a drug eluting stent （DES, P = 0.001） or glycoprotein IlbAIIa inhibitor （GPI, P 〈 0.0001）. Increase in age was associated with reduced time to survival （13-coefficient： -0.192, t： -3,70, 95%CI： --4.91 to -1.50, P 〈 0.0001） as was the presence of cardiogenic shock 03-coefficient： -0.194, t = 3.77, 95%CI： -5.26 to -1.65, P 〈 0.0001）. Use of GPI was associated with increased time to survival （p-coefficient： 0.138, t = 2.82, 95%CI： 1.58-8.58, P = 0.005） but older age quartiles were less likely to receive GPI （P 〈 0.0001）. In-hospital mortality （1.8% quartile 1, 3.6% quartile 2, 10.9% quartile 3 and 12.3% quartile 4, P = 0.002） and 1-year mortality （5.4% quartile 1, 5.5% quartile 2, 16.8% quartile 3 and 24.6% quartile 4, P 〈 0.0001, respectively） was significantly higher in older age quartiles. Conclusions Increased short term and intermediate term mortality is seen in the very elderly after PPCI. Age and cardiogenic shock were prognostic factors. Intervention should not be based on age alone and awareness regarding prognostic factors can help improve management.

关键词： Myocardial infarction Primary percutaneous intervention The elderly

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