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Optimization of Threshold Ranges for Rapid Flood Inundation Mapping by Evaluating Backscatter Profiles of High Incidence Angle SAR Images

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2012年第2期3卷 113-122页

作者： Panchagnula Manjusree l.Prasanna Kumar Chandra Mohan bhatt Goru Srinivasa Rao Veerubhotla Bhanumurthy Disaster Management Support Group Remote Sensing Applications AreaNational Remote Sensing CentreIndian Space Research Organization(ISRO)BalanagarHyderabad 500625India

Rapid satellite-based flood inundation mapping and delivery of flood inundation maps during a flood event can provide crucial information for planners and decision makers to prioritize relief and rescue operations. The present study is undertaken to optimize the threshold ranges for the classification of flood water in Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) images(of 20° to 49° incidence angles) for quick flood inundation mapping and response during flood disasters. This is done through assessing the signature of flood water in Horizontal transmit and Horizontal received(HH), Horizontal transmit and Vertical received(HV), Vertical transmit and Horizontal received(VH), and Vertical transmit and Vertical received(VV) polarization radar data. The mean backscattering signature profiles of various water bodies were analyzed to discriminate flood water from other water bodies. The study shows that there is better demarcation of land-water surface in HH polarization. VV polarization has the potential to identify partially submerged features, which can be useful in flood damage assessments. The backscatter of flood water in HV and VH is the same and both HV and VH polarizations are adequate for the mapping of flood water. At near range to far range,-8 to-12 d B,-15 to-24 d B, and-6 to-15 d B can be used as optimum ranges for the classification of flood water in HH, HV, and VV polarizations. These optimum threshold ranges can be applied to the automation of flood mapping using SAR images in near-real time, where much time was often spent on finding the thresholds in order to produce flood inundation maps in a short time from the onset of flood disasters and deliver such maps to the concerned agencies.

关键词： flood polarization signature

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Gindarudine,a novel morphine alkaloid from Stephania glabra

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Chinese Chemical letters 2009年第7期20卷 823-826页

作者： deepak Kumar Semwal Usha Rawat Department ofChemistry H.N.B.Garhwal University SrinagarUttarakhand 246174 India

A novel morphine alkaloid, named gindarudine 1 has been isolated from ethanol extract of Stephania glabra tubers, together with four known alkaloids, palmatine, dehydrocorydalmine, stepharanine, and 8-（4＇-methoxybenzyl）-xylopinine. Compound 1 was elucidated as 3,6-O,N-detrimethyl-10-hydroxy-l-methoxy-thebaine by means of spectroscopic data including 2D NMR studies. C 2009 deepak Kumar Semwal. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stephania glabra Menispermaceae Gindaru Gindarudine

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long-term open circuit microbial electrosynthesis system promotes methanogenesis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第2期29卷 3-6页

作者： Raúl Mateos Adrián Escapa María Isabel San-Martín Heleen De Wever Ana Sotres deepak Pant Chemical and Environmental Bioprocess Engineering Group Natural Resources Institute(IRENA)University of LeonLeon 24071Spain Department of Electrical Engineering and Automatic Systems Universidad de LeonLeon 24071Spain Reparation and Conversion Technology Flemish Institute for Technological Research(VITO)Mol 2400Belgium

Microbial electrosynthesis(MES) can potentially provide a mean for storing renewable energy surpluses as chemical energy. However, the fluctuating nature of these energy sources may represent a threat to MES, as the microbial communities that develop on the biocathode rely on the continuous existence of a polarized electrode. This work assesses how MES performance, product generation and microbial community evolution are affected by a long-period(6 weeks) power off(open circuit). Acetogenic and H2-producing bacteria activity recovered after reconnection. However, few days later syntrophic acetate oxidation bacteria and H2-consuming methanogens became dominant, producing CH4 as the main product, via electromethanogenesis and the syntrophic interaction between eubacterial and archaeal communities which consume both the acetic acid and the hydrogen present in the cathode environment. Thus,the system proved to be resilient to a long-term power interruption in terms of electroactivity. At the same time, these results demonstrated that the system could be extensively affected in both end product generation and microbial communities.

关键词： Biocathode Electromethanogenesis Microbial electrosynthesis Microbial community dynamics Methanogens Acetogens

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Glycemic Index of a Diabetes-Specific Nutritional Powder: An Open-label Study in Healthy Indian Adults

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第3期14卷 200-224页

作者： Kirti Patel Vinay Kudrigikar deepak Bachani Suyog Mehta Sun Pharmaceutical Industries ltd. Mumbai Maharashtra India Sun Pharma laboratories ltd. Mumbai Maharashtra India

Background: A balanced diet with a low glycemic index (GI) plays an important role in controlling and managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we compared the GI of 2 flavors (vanilla and chocolate) of diabetes-specific nutritional (DSN) supplements to its comparator in healthy Indian adults under fasting conditions. Methods: This study was a 39-day open-label, non-comparative, single-center trial involving healthy adults aged between 18 to 45 years. The subjects received equal doses of 2 DSN powder (Treatments A and B), the comparator product (Treatment C), and dextrose monohydrate as a reference (Treatment R). Doses were administered as per the dosing schedule, after an overnight fast for 10 hours, with 2 intervening non-dosing days. Blood samples were collected on the dosing days to assess changes in capillary blood glucose levels. The primary endpoint of the study was the mean GI of Treatments A, B, and C (Defined as low: GI ≤ 55;medium: 55 GI ≤ 70;High: GI > 70), generated using the incremental area under the curve (AUCi) methodology. Safety was assessed throughout the study. Values of all study parameters were represented in ±SD or standard deviation. Results: Fourteen adult male subjects with a mean age of 29.42 ± 4.46 years, and a body mass index of 22.0 ± 1.95 Kg/m2, were enrolled in the study. The mean AUCi for treatments A, B, and C were 104 ± 10, 111 ± 12, and 87 ± 12 mmol min/l, respectively and for Treatment R it was 276 ± 16, 319 ± 28 and 338 ± 25 mmol min/l for Days 1, 6 and 8, respectively. The mean GI of Treatment A was 33 ± 3, Treatment B was 35 ± 3 and Treatment C was 29 ± 5;all GI means were ≤55. Mild adverse events were reported in 2 (14.3%) subjects. No serious adverse events or deaths were reported in the study. All treatments were well tolerated by the subjects. Conclusion: The glycemic index of both test products and comparator was low (i.e., GI 55) as per ISO 26642:2010 standard.

关键词： Balanced Diet Dietary Substitute Glycemic Index Healthy Subjects India

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Microbial electrosynthesis of acetate from CO_(2)in three-chamber cells with gas diffusion biocathode under moderate saline conditions

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2023年第4期16卷 78-87页

作者： Paolo Dessì Claribel Buenano-Vargas Santiago Martínez-Sosa Simon Mills Anna Trego Umer ZIjaz deepak Pant Sebastia Puig Vincent O'Flaherty Pau Farras School of Biological and Chemical Sciences and Energy Research Centre Ryan InstituteUniversity of GalwayUniversity RoadH91 CF50GalwayIreland lEQUiA Institute of the EnvironmentUniversity of GironaCarrer Maria Aurelia Capmany 69E-17003GironaSpain Microbiology Department School of Natural SciencesUniversity of GalwayUniversity RoadH91 TK33GalwayIreland Infrastructure and Environment Research Division School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom Separation and Conversion Technology Flemish Institute for Technological Research(VITO)Boeretang 2002400MolBelgium

The industrial adoption of microbial electrosynthesis(MES)is hindered by high overpotentials deriving from low electrolyte conductivity and inefficient cell *** this study,a mixed microbial consortium originating from an anaerobic digester operated under saline conditions(∼13 g l^(−1)NaCl)was adapted for acetate production from bicarbonate in galvanostatic(0.25 mA cm^(−2))H-type cells at 5,10,15,or 20 g l^(−1)NaCl *** acetogenic communities were successfully enriched only at 5 and 10 g l^(−1)NaCl,revealing an inhibitory threshold of about 6 g l^(−1)Na^(+).The enriched planktonic communities were then used as inoculum for 3D printed,three-chamber cells equipped with a gas diffusion *** cells were fed with CO_(2)gas and operated galvanostatically(0.25 or 1.00 mA cm^(−2)).The highest production rate of 55.4 g m^(−2) d^(−1)(0.89 g l^(−1)d^(−1)),with 82.4%Coulombic efficiency,was obtained at 5 g l^(−1)NaCl concentration and 1 mA cm^(−2)applied current,achieving an average acetate production of 44.7 kg MWh−*** electron microscopy and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis confirmed the formation of a cathodic biofilm dominated by Acetobacterium ***,three 3D printed cells were hydraulically connected in series to simulate an MES stack,achieving three-fold production rates than with the single cell at 0.25 mA cm^(−2).This confirms that three-chamber MES cells are an efficient and scalable technology for CO_(2)bio-electro recycling to acetate and that moderate saline conditions(5 g l^(−1)NaCl)can help reduce their power demand while preserving the activity of acetogens.

关键词： Acetobacterium Bioelectrochemical system Conductivity Electrochemical cell design Gas diffusion electrode

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Variation in Heat-shock Proteins and Photosynthetic Thermotolerance among Natural Populations of Chenopodium album *** Contrasting Thermal Environments:Implications for Plant Responses to Global Warming

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1440-1451页

作者： deepak Barua Scott A.Heckathorn James S.Coleman Department of Biology Syracuse University Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Department of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo

Production of heat-shock proteins （Hsps） is a key adaptation to acute heat stress and will be important in determining plant responses to climate change. Further, intraspecifc variation in Hsps, which will influence species-level response to global warming, has rarely been examined in naturally occurring plants. To understand intraspecific variation in plant Hsps and its relevance to global warming, we examined Hsp content and thermotolerance in five naturally occurring populations of Chenopodium album l. from contrasting thermal environments grown at low and high temperatures. As expected, Hsp accumulation varied between populations, but this was related more to habitat variability than to mean temperature. Unexpectedly, Hsp accumulation decreased with increasing variability of habitat temperatures. Hsp accumulation also decreased with increased experimental growth temperatures. Physiological thermotolerance was partitioned into basal and induced components. As with Hsps, induced thermotolerance decreased with increasing temperature variability. Thus, populations native to the more stressful habitats, or grown at higher temperatures, had lower Hsp levels and induced thermotolerance, suggesting a greater reliance on basal mechanisms for thermotolerance. These results suggest that future global climate change will differentially impact ecotypes within species, possibly by selecting for increased basal versus inducible thermotolerance.

关键词： acclimation photosynthesis stress proteins temperature.

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Bacteriocins as antimicrobial and preservative agents in food:Biosynthesis,separation and application

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 749-771页

作者： deepak Kumar Verma Mamta Thakur Smita Singh Soubhagya Tripathy Alok Kumar Gupta Deepika Baranwal Ami R.Patel Nihir Shah Gemilang lara Utama Alaa Kareem Niamah M´onica l.Ch´avez-Gonz´alez Carolina Flores Gallegos Cristobal Noe Aguilar Prem Prakash Srivastav Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur721302West BengalIndia Department of Food Technology School of SciencesITM UniversityGwalior474001Madhya PradeshIndia Department of Nutrition and Dietetics University Institute of Applied Health SciencesChandigarh UniversityChandigarh140413PunjabIndia Division of Post-harvest Management ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture(Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers WelfareGovernment.of India)Lucknow(UP)226101India Department of Home Science Arya Mahila PG CollegeBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar Pradesh221005India Division of Dairy Microbiology Mansinhbhai Institute of Dairy and Food Technology-MIDFTDudhsagar Dairy CampusMehsana384002GujaratIndia Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology Universitas PadjadjaranSumedang45363Indonesia Center for Environment and Sustainability Science Universitas PadjadjaranBandung40132Indonesia Department of Food Science College of AgricultureUniversity of BasrahBasra CityIraq Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group and Nanobioscience Group.Food Research Department School of Chemistry.Autonomous University of CoahuilaSaltillo Campus25280CoahuilaMexico

Emerging evidence shows the trend of using safe and natural preservatives like bacteriocins in food *** increasing demand by the food industry to extend keeping quality and prevent spoilage of various food products has appealed for new preservatives and new methods of ***,to discover the novel spectrum of antimicrobial compounds that could effectively battle food-borne pathogens,bacteriocins have been intensively studied in the last few ***,great attention has been paid to the application of lactic acid-bacterial bacteriocins targeting food spoilage-causing or pathogenic microorganisms with no significant side *** mechanisms of action like pore-formation,retarding cell-wall/nucleic acid/protein synthesis have been proposed and described for diverse ***,the syntheses,purification of bacteriocins in addition to their applications as antimicrobial and preservative agents in food processing are reviewed in *** review will also discuss the preservative effect of bacteriocins and their combinations having multiple modes of action(hurdle approach)to reduce the microbial load as well as antimicrobial resistance.

关键词： lactic acid bacteria Bacteriocins Preservative Food-borne pathogens Food processing

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Integrated Nutrient Management Improves Productivity and Quality of Sugarcane(Saccharum Officinarum l.)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第2期91卷 439-469页

作者： Md.Shamsul Arefin Md.Ariful Islam Md.Mokhlesur Rahman Md.Abdul Alim Sabry Hassan Mahmoud F.K.Soliman Mohamed M.Hassan Rajan bhatt Akbar Hossain Physiology and Sugar Chemistry Division Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research InstituteIshurdi6620Bangladesh On-Farm Research Division Bangladesh Agricultural Research InstitutePabna6600Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Chemistry Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Department of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Nature Conservation Sector Egyptian Environmental Affairs AgencyCairo11728Egypt Regional Research Station Panjab Agricultural UniversityKapurthala144601India Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute Dinajpur5200Bangladesh

Sugarcane is one of the major important sugar yielding crops in *** an exhaustive crop,sugarcane removes a huge amount of plant nutrients from the ***,the combined use of organic and inorganic fertilizers can be a good approach to deal with nutrient depletion and promote sustainable crop production as well as improve soil ***,an attempt was made to identify the most fruitful and profitable integrated nutrient management on the aspects of growth,yield and quality of sugarcane in two consecutive growing *** treatments:T_(1)=Control,T_(2)=165:55:120:30:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1),T_(3)=Poultry litter(Pl)at 5 t ha^(−1)+95:51:87:9:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1),T_(4)=Cow Dung(CD)at 15 t ha^(−1)+36:52:60:17:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1),T_(5)=Press Mud(PM)at 15 t ha^(−1)+10:50:43:0:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1),T_(6)=Mustard Oil Cake(MOC)at 0.5 t ha^(−1)+140:54:115:25:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1)and T_(7)=GM(Green Manure)at 5 t ha^(−1)+140:53:100:28:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1)were used in this *** years data showed that treatment T_(3)produced the maximum amount of tillers,total dry matter yield,millable sugarcane,cane yield and sugar yield,followed by the T_(4)*** highest stalk heights were recorded in the T_(3)treatment,which was statistically similar to all other treatments except T_(1)and T_(2).The juice quality parameters viz.,brix and pol in cane were found significant in treatment T_(3)while the highest purity was obtained in the T_(7)*** the data of Jaggery(goor)quality parameters,the highest sucrose content,color transmittance,Jaggery(goor)recovery and the lowest ash content of Jaggery(goor)were observed in the T_(3)treatment,which was statistically similar to the T_(4)treatment in both *** highest cost of production was obtained from the T_(6)treatment while the highest gross return,net return and BCR were recorded in the T_(3)*** sig

关键词： Nutrient fertilizer growth physiology yield quality sugarcane

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Effect of thrombocytopenia and platelet transfusion on outcomes of acute variceal bleeding in patients with chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第7期14卷 1421-1437页

作者： Sagnik Biswas Manas Vaishnav Piyush Pathak deepak Gunjan Soumya Jagannath Mahapatra Saurabh Kedia Gyanranjan Rout Bhaskar Thakur Baibaswata Nayak Ramesh Kumar Shalimar Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029DelhiIndia Division of Biostatistics UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexas 75390United States Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 800014BiharIndia

BACKGROUND Platelet transfusion in acute variceal bleeding(AVB)is recommended by few guidelines and is common in routine clinical practice,even though the effect of thrombocytopenia and platelet transfusion on the outcomes of AVB is *** To determine how platelet counts,platelets transfusions,and fresh frozen plasma transfusions affect the outcomes of AVB in cirrhosis patients in terms of bleeding control,rebleeding,and *** Prospectively maintained database was used to analyze the outcomes of cirrhosis patients who presented with *** outcomes were assessed as the risk of rebleeding at days 5 and 42,and risk of death at day 42,considering the platelet counts and platelet *** score matching(PSM)was used to compare the outcomes in those who received platelet *** comparisons were done using Kaplan-Meier curves with log-rank tests and Coxproportional hazard model for rebleeding and for 42-d *** The study included 913 patients,with 83.5%men,median age 45 years,and Model for End-stage liver Disease score *** countl,20-50×10^(9)/l,and>50×10^(9)/l were found in 23(2.5%),168(18.4%),and 722(79.1%)patients,*** rates were similar between the three platelet groups on days 5 and 42(13%,6.5%,and 4.7%,respectively,on days 5,P=0.150;and 21.7%,17.3%,and 14.4%,respectively,on days 42,P=0.433).At day 42,the mortality rates for the three platelet groups were also similar(13.0%,23.2%,and 17.2%,respectively,P=0.153).On PSM analysis patients receiving platelets transfusions(n=89)had significantly higher rebleeding rates on day 5(14.6%vs 4.5%;P=0.039)and day 42(32.6%vs 15.7%;P=0.014),compared to those who didn'*** mortality rates were also higher among patients receiving platelets(25.8%vs 23.6%;P=0.862),although the difference was not *** multivariate analysis,platelet transfusion and not platelet count,was independently associated with 42-d *** e

关键词： Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Platelet transfusion Thrombocytopenia Fresh frozen plasma Portal hypertension Mortality

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Vegetative propagation of Dalbergia sissoo:effect of growth regulators,length,position of shoot and type of cuttings on rooting potential in stem cuttings

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Forestry Studies in China 2012年第3期14卷 187-192页

作者： Bhupendra SINGH Rajendra YADAV B.P. bhatt Department of Forestry H.N.B.Garhwal UniversitySrinagar (Garhwal)Uttarakhand 246174India Chhattisgarh Minor Forest Produce Federation A-25VIP EstateKhamhardihShankar NagarRaipur 492007India ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region PatnaBihar 800014India

The effect of auxins （IAA or IBA at 100, 200, 500 mg.l J） on rooting and sprouting parameters differed significantly （p 〈 0.05）. Rooting and sprouting percentages were higher in some treatments while other parameters were significantly higher in other treatments. The results of the present study revealed that rooting was significantly （p 〈 0.05） affected by the length of cuttings, as well as the position of shoots and type of cuttings. On average, 86.0 per cent rooting was observed in the 30-cm long cuttings com- pared to the other two lengths of cuttings, i.e., 20 and 25 cm, irrespective of any auxin treatment. In a control set, without any auxin treatment, a maximum of 60.0% rooting was recorded in the 30-cm long cuttings and a minimum of 40.0% of the cuttings rooted in the 20-cm long cuttings. Similarly, cuttings collected from the lower and upper portions of shoots resulted in 72.5 and 52.5 per cent rooting respectively, irrespective of auxin treatments. Maximum rooting was observed in the lower portion （40.0%） of cutting com- pared to the upper portion （30.0%） in the control set without auxin treatment. leafless branches produced maximum （72.0%） rooting compared to the leafy cuttings （35.0%）, irrespective of the auxin treatment. The leafy cuttings produces a minimum of 15.0% sprout- ing and rooting in the control set.

关键词： auxin Dalbergia sissoo length position of shoots type of cuttings vegetative propagation

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