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snow and regolith albedo variations using CRIsm data at mcmurdo crater,mars

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 338-355页

作者： sehajpal singh deepak singh Centre of studies in Resources Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbaiIndia

The cryosphere component provides the m.st reliable and insightful indications of any planet’s climate *** data from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging spectrometer for mars(CRIsm),we develop a novel approach to determining the broadband Visible and Near Infrared(VNIR)albedo of the martian *** study focuses on albedo changes in the mcmurdo crater,part of mars’s south polar layer *** compare seasonal and interannual variations of the mcmurdo surface albedo before,during,and after the Global Dust storm(GDs)of martian Year(mY)*** the seasons progressed from.spring to summer,the mean albedo in mY 32 and 34 plunged by over 40%,by about 35%in mY 33,and by slightly more than 30%in mY *** interannually,however,mean albedo values within both seasons(spring and summer)exhibited no significant differences in those same ***,interannual albedo difference maps reveal albedo variation of more than±0.3 in certain regions of the *** only snow-covered pixels,interannual albedo differences suggest that mars dust had a pervasive impact on mars’s *** in maximum and minimum albedo values as high as 0.5 were observed,depending upon differences in the dust levels in martian snow/*** maximum and the minimum.snow albedo values were lowest in mY 34,indicating the effect of the intense dust storm event that *** average snow albedo decreased from 0.45 in mY 32 to 0.40 in mY 33 and to 0.33 in mY 34,and then rose back to 0.40 in mY *** trajectory suggests a temporary deposition of dust,partially reversed after the GDs by self-cleaning mechanisms(local aeolian process and CO_(2)sublimation/deposition cycle).

关键词： mars martian ice albedo dust storm mars surface martian climate

Climate change induced heat stress impact on workplace productivity in a net zero-carbon timber building towards the end of the century

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Building simulation 2024年第6期17卷 893-906页

作者： deepak Amaripadath mattheos santamouris shady Attia school of Geographical sciences and Urban Planning Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA Urban Climate Research Center Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA school of Built Environment University of New South Wales2052SydneyAustralia sustainable Building Design Lab Department of UEEFaculty of Applied SciencesUniversity of Liege4000LiegeBelgium

Changing climate intensifies heat stress,resulting in a greater risk of workplace productivity decline in timber office buildings with low internal thermal *** impact of climate change induced heat exposure on indoor workplace productivity in timber office buildings has not been extensively ***,further investigation to reduce the work capacity decline towards the end of the century is ***,heat exposure in a net zero-carbon timber building near Brussels,Belgium,was evaluated using a reproducible comparative approach with different internal thermal m.ss *** analysis indicated that strategies with increased thermal m.ss were more effective in limiting the effects of heat exposure on workplace *** medium and high thermal m.ss strategies reduced workplace productivity loss to 0.1%in the current,0.3%and 0.2%in the midfuture,and 4.9%and 3.9%for future *** comparison,baseline with low thermal m.ss yielded a decline of 2.3%,3.3%,and 8.2%.The variation in maximum and minimum wet-bulb globe temperatures were also lower for medium and high thermal m.ss strategies than for low thermal m.ss *** study findings lead to the formulation of design guidelines,identification of research gaps,and recommendations for future work.

关键词： heat exposure office buildings work capacity thermal m.ss climate change

Efficient Finite Difference WENO scheme for Hyperbolic systems withNon-conservativeProducts

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Communications on Applied mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 907-962页

作者： Dinshaw s.Balsara deepak Bhoriya Chi-Wang shu Harish Kumar Physics Department University of Notre DameNotre DameUSA ACms Department University of Notre DameNotre DameUSA Division of Applied mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceUSA Department of mathematics Indian Institute of TechnologyDelhiIndia

Higher order finite difference weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)schem.s have been constructed for conservation *** multidimensional problems,they offer a high order accuracy at a fraction of the cost of a finite volume WENO or DG scheme of the comparable *** makes them quite attractive for several science and engineering ***,to the best of our knowledge,such schem.s have not been extended to non-linear hyperbolic systems with non-conservative *** this paper,we perform.such an extension which improves the domain of the applicability of such *** extension is carried out by writing the scheme in fluctuation *** use the HLLI Riemann solver of Dum.ser and Balsara(***.304:275-319,2016)as a building block for carrying out this *** of the use of an HLL building block,the resulting scheme has a proper supersonic *** use of anti-diffusive fluxes ensures that stationary discontinuities can be preserved by the scheme,thus expanding its domain of the *** new finite difference WENO formulation uses the same WENO reconstruction that was used in classical versions,making it very easy for users to transition over to the present *** conservation laws,the new finite difference WENO is shown to perform as well as the classical version of finite difference WENO,with two major advantages:(i)It can capture jum.s in stationary linearly degenerate wave families exactly.(i)It only requires the reconstruction to be applied *** examples from hyperbolic PDE systems with non-conservative products are shown which indicate that the scheme works and achieves its design order of the accuracy for smooth multidimensional *** Riemann problems and several novel multidimensional problems that are drawn from compressible Baer-Nunziato multiphase flow,multiphase debris flow and twolayer shallow water equations are also shown to document the robustness of the *** some

关键词： Hyperbolic PDEs Numerical schem.s Non-conservative products stiff source terms Finite difference WENO

Constructing a biofunctionalized 3D-printed gelatin/sodium alginate/chitosan tri-polymer complex scaffold with improvised biological andmechanical properties for bone-tissue engineering

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 57-73页

作者： Amit Kumar singh krishna Pramanik Amit Biswas Centre of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Department of Biotechnology and Medical EngineeringNational Institute of TechnologyRourkela 769008India

sodium alginate(sA)/chitosan(CH)polyelectrolyte scaffold is a suitable substrate for tissue-engineering *** present study deals with further improvement in the tensile strength and biological properties of this type of scaffold to make it a potential template for bone-tissue *** experimented with adding 0%–15%(volume fraction)gelatin(GE),a protein-based biopolymer known to promote cell adhesion,proliferation,and *** resulting tri-polymer complex was used as bioink to fabricate sA/CH/GEmatrices by three-dimensional(3D)*** studies using scanning electron microscopy revealed the microfibrous porous architecture of all the structures,which had a pore size range of 383–419μm.X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses revealed the amorphous nature of the scaffold and the strong electrostatic interactions among the functional groups of the polymers,thereby forming polyelectrolyte complexes which were found to improve mechanical properties and structural *** scaffolds exhibited a desirable degradation rate,controlled swelling,and hydrophilic characteristics which are favorable for bone-tissue *** tensile strength improved from(386±15)to(693±15)kPa due to the increased stiffness of sA/CH scaffolds upon addition of *** enhanced protein adsorption and in vitro bioactivity(forming an apatite layer)confirmed the ability of the sA/CH/GE scaffold to offer higher cellular adhesion and a bone-like environment to cells during the process of tissue *** vitro biological evaluation including the mTT assay,confocal microscopy analysis,and alizarin red s assay showed a significant increase in cell attachment,cell viability,and cell proliferation,which further improved biomineralization over the scaffold *** addition,sA/CH containing 15%gelatin designated as sA/CH/GE15 showed superior performance to the other fabricated 3D structures,demonstrating its pote

关键词： scaffold Biomaterial sodium alginate Chitosan Gelatin 3D printing Tissue engineering

Emerging roles of microRNAs as diagnostics and potential therapeutic interest in type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第3期12卷 525-537页

作者： Dharmsheel shrivastav Desh deepak singh Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity University RajasthanJaipur 303002India

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2Dm)is a metabolic disease of impaired glucose *** high sugar levels lead to advanced glycation end products(AGEs),which affects several metabolic pathways by its receptor of advanced glycation end products(RAGE)and causes diabetic *** are small RNA molecules which regulate genes linked to diabetes and affect AGEs pathogenesis,and target tissues,influencing health and disease *** To explore miRNA roles in T2Dm.s metabolic pathways for potential therapeutic and diagnostic advancements in diabetes *** We systematically searched the electronic database Pubmed using *** included free,full-length research articles that evaluate the role of miRNAs in T2Dm and its complications,focusing on genetic and molecular disease *** assessing the full-length papers of the shortlisted articles,we included 12 research *** several types of miRNAs are linked in metabolic pathways which are affected by AGE/RAGE axis in T2Dm and its ***-96-5p,miR-7-5p,miR-132,has_circ_0071106,miR-143,miR-21,miR-145-5p,and more are associated with various aspects of T2Dm,including disease risk,diagnostic markers,complications,and gene *** Targeting the AGE/RAGE axis,with a focus on miRNA regulation,holds prom.se for managing T2Dm and its *** have therapeutic potential as they can influence the metabolic pathways affected by AGEs and RAGE,potentially reducing inflammation,oxidative stress,and vascular ***,miRNAs may serve as early diagnostic biomarkers for *** research in this area may lead to innovative therapeutic strategies for diabetes and its associated complications.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus microRNAs Advanced glycation end products Receptor for advanced glycation end products

Understanding the catalysis of chromium trioxide added magnesium hydride for hydrogen storage and Li ion battery applications

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1117-1130页

作者： D.Pukazhselvan IhsanÇaha Catarina de Lem.s sergey m.mikhalev Francis Leonard deepak Duncan Paul Fagg Department of mechanical Engineering TEMA-Centre for Mechanical Technology and AutomationUniversity of AveiroAveiro 3810-193Portugal LAsI-Intelligent systems Associate Laboratory Guimarães 4800-058Portugal Nanostructured materials Group International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory(INL)Avenida Mestre Jose VeigaBraga 4715-330Portugal

This study explores how the chemical interaction between magnesium hydride(mgH_(2))and the additive CrO_(3) influences the hydrogen/lithium.storage characteristics of mgH_(2).We have observed that a 5 wt.%CrO_(3) additive reduces the dehydrogenation activation energy of mgH_(2) by 68 kJ/mol and lowers the required dehydrogenation temperature by 80℃.CrO_(3) added mgH_(2) was also tested as an anode in an Li ion battery,and it is possible to deliver over 90%of the total theoretical capacity(2038 mAh/g).Evidence for improved reversibility in the battery reaction is found only after the incorporation of additives with mgH_(2).In depth characterization study by X-ray diffraction(XRD)technique provides convincing evidence that the CrO_(3) additive interacts with mgH_(2) and produces Cr/mgO *** free energy analyses confirm the thermodynamic feasibility of conversion from mgH_(2)/CrO_(3) to mgO/Cr,which is well supported by the identification of Cr(0)in the powder by X ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPs)*** high resolution transm.ssion electron microscopy(HRTEm)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDs)we found evidence for the presence of 5 nm.size Cr nanocrystals on the surface of mgO rock salt *** is also convincing ground to consider that mgO rock salt accommodates Cr in the *** observations support the argument that creation of active metal–metal dissolved rock salt oxide interface may be vital for improving the reactivity of mgH_(2),both for the improved storage of hydrogen and lithium.

关键词： Hydrogen storage Rechargeable batteries Binary hydrides metal oxides Catalytic mechanism.

Engineering of efficient visible light photocatalysts:Ti_(1-x+y)Cu_(x)La_(y)O_(2)(x=0.03;y=0,0.005,0.01) compositions

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 497-505,I0003页

作者： s.m.Yakout A.m.Youssef Inorganic Chem.stry Department National Research Centre(NRC)El Buhouth StDokkiCairo12622Egypt

In dye-photocatalysis, widening the wavelengths absorption range of catalysts as well as aborting the recombination of the photoexcited charge carriers(electrons-holes pairs) are of paramount *** the current study, we report the photocatalytic characteristics of four compositions composed of TiO_(2),Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders for two harmful dyes(Congo red and methylene blue). The X-ray diffraction technique verified the configuration of mixed anatase and rutile phases in pure TiO_(2)and Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2)powders while Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders possess anatase phase only. The changes of the band gap structure and dimensions of the unit cell volume of TiO_(2)confirm the substitution of Ti^(4+)sites by Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions. Remarkable widening of wavelengths absorption with formation of long absorption tails were found in TiO_(2)(3.13 e V) through insertion of La^(3+)plus Cu^(2+)ions. Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)samples exhibit a visible light band gap of 2.3 and 2.7 e V, respectively. Based on sEm images, incorporation of Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions influences the surface morphology of TiO_(2). The resulting Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders present enhanced photocatalytic activity towards Congo red dye degradation compared to pure one under natural solar spectrum. The best Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalyst exhibits superior photocatalytic activity of 96% for 10 ppm CR dye in 20 min as well as above average photocatalytic efficiency of 63% for 30 ppm CR dye in 120 min. As well, it showed acceptable photodegradation activity of 52% for 30 ppm mB solution in 140 min of sunlight irradiation. The heightened photodegradation efficiency of Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalyst can be clarified in terms of higher ch

关键词： semiconductor TiO_(2) Rare earths Congo red methylene blue solar spectrum Photodegradation

smart tailoring of molecular catalysts:mounting approach to oxygen reduction reaction

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 169-184页

作者： Anuj Kumar mohd Ubaidullah Guoxin Zhang Jasvinder Kaur saira Ajmal mudassir Hasan krishna Kumar Yadav Hafiz m.Adeel sharif Ram K.Gupta Ghulam Yasin Nano-Technology Research Laboratory Department of ChemistryGLA UniversityMathuraUttar Pradesh 281406India Department of Chem.stry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266590China Institute for Advanced study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518060China Department of Chem.stry Kansas Polymer Research CenterPittsburg State UniversityPittsburgKS 66762United States Faculty of science and Technology Madhyanchal Professional UniversityRatibadBhopal 462044India Environmental and Atm.spheric sciences Research Group Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarNasiriyah 64001Iraq Department of Chemical Engineering King Khalid University Saudi Arabia Department of Chem.stry School of SciencesIFTM UniversityMoradabadUttar Pradesh 244102India Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China school of Environment and Civil Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguanGuangdong 523808China

Efficient electrocatalytic rupture of energy-rich molecules(H_(2)and O_(2))is a green approach for gener-ating clean energy for modern *** this context,porphyry-type molecular electrocatalysts act intelligently toward oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),a fundamental process in fuel cells,due to their redox-rich chem.stry,which involves core metal ions and macrocyclic *** concerned scientific community has tried many tim.s to correlate the ORR intermediates with their formation kinetics and simplify the associated multi H+/e-stages during the ORR process,constructing several volcano plots be-tween catalytic Tafel data,turnover frequencies,and overpotentials for many *** the fact that many review articles on molecular electrocatalysts for ORR have been published,understanding the strategic implications and molecular catalyst intelligence towards homogenous ORR has been poorly *** review examined the relationships between volcano plots of current *** parameters and the sabatier principle in order to explain the intelligence of molecular electrocatalysts and approaches for their creation,as well as the difficulties and potential prospects of molecular *** facts distinguish this review from previously published articles and will pique the scien-tific community’s interest in avoiding trial-and-error procedures for catalyst creation while also allowing for more exact evaluations of the molecular catalyst’s performance.

关键词： Electrocatalysis molecular catalysts Oxygen reduction reaction sabatier principle

Assessing intersectional gender analysis in Nepal’s health management information system: a case study on tuberculosis for inclusive health systems

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-11页

作者： Parajuli Ayuska Kakchapati sampurna Arjyal Abriti Joshi deepak Kharel Chandani del Barrio mariam Otmani Baral sushil C HERD International Saibu Awas Cr-Marga Bhaisepati Lalitpur Nepal UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland

Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Nepal, high in settings marked by prevalent gender and social inequities. Various social stratifiers intersect, either privileging or oppressing individuals based on their characteristics and contexts, thereby increasing risks, vulnerabilities and marganilisation associated with TB. This study aimed to assess the inclusiveness of gender and other social stratifiers in key health related national policies and the Health management Information system (Hm.s) of National Tuberculosis Programme (NTP) by conducting an intersectional analysis of TB cases recorded via *** A desk review of key policies and the NTP’s Hm.s was conducted. Retrospective intersectional analysis utilized two secondary data sources: annual NTP report (2017–2021) and records of 628 TB cases via Hm.s 6.5 from two TB centres (2017/18–2018/19). Chi-square test and multi-variate analysis was used to assess the association between social stratifers and types of TB, registration category and treatment *** Gender, social inclusion and concept of intersectionality are incorporated into various health policies and strategies but lack effective implementation. NTP has initiated the collection of age, sex, ethnicity and location data since 2014/15 through the Hm.s. However, only age and sex disaggregated data are routinely reported, leaving recorded social stratifiers of TB patients static without analysis and dissemination. Furthermore, findings from the intersectional analysis using TB secondary data, showed that male more than 25 years exhibited higher odds [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 4.95, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.60–19.06,P = 0.01)] of successful outcome compared to male TB patients less than 25 years. similarly, sex was significantly associated with types of TB (P s both age (P sex (P significantly associated with patient registration category (old/new cases).Conclusio

关键词： Tuberculosis Intersectional gender analysis Gender and social inequities social determinant Health management Information system National Tuberculosis Programme social inclusion Gender