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Deep learning-based detection of indicator species for monitoring biodiversity in semi-natural grasslands

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 238-247页

作者： deepak h.b.savegowda Inga Schleip Paul Mosebach Cornelia Weltzien Technische Universitat berlin Straße des 17.Juni 13510623BerlinGermany Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik und biookonomie e.V.(ATb) Max-Eyth-Allee 10014469PotsdamGermany hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde Schicklerstraße 516225EberswaldeGermany

Deep learning(DL)has huge potential to provide valuable insights into biodiversity changes in speciesrich agricultural ecosystems such as semi-natural grasslands,helping to prioritize and plan conservation ***,DL has been underexplored in grassland conservation efforts,hindered by data scarcity,intricate ecosystem interactions,and limited economic ***,we developed a DL-based object-detection model to identify indicator species,a group of vascular plant species that serve as surrogates for biodiversity assessment in high nature value(hNV)*** selected indicator species Armeria maritima,Campanula patula,Cirsium oleraceum,and Daucus *** overcome the hurdle of limited data,we grew indicator plants under controlled greenhouse conditions,generating a sufficient dataset for DL model *** model was initially trained on this greenhouse ***,smaller datasets derived from an experimental grassland plot and natural grasslands were added to the training to facilitate the transition from greenhouse to field *** optimized model achieved remarkable average precision(AP)on test datasets,with 98.6 AP50 on greenhouse data,98.2 AP50 on experimental grassland data,and 96.5 AP50 on semi-natural grassland *** findings highlight the innovative application of greenhouse-grown specimens for the in-situ identification of plants,bolstering biodiversity monitoring in grassland ***,the study illuminates the promising role of DL techniques in conservation programs,particularly as a monitoring tool to support result-based agrienvironment schemes.

关键词： Species-rich grasslands biodiversity monitoring Object detection Cross-domain knowledge transfer

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Effect of Kiwibiotic on functional constipation and related symptoms:A prospective,single-center,randomized,comparative,crossover study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2024年第5期15卷 40-49页

作者： Ashwin D Porwal Paresh M Gandhi deepak K Kulkarni Gajanan b bhagwat Pravin P Kamble Department of Proctology Healing Hands ClinicMahārāshtraPune 411001India R&D Center Healing Hands and Herbs Pvt.Ltd.MahārāshtraPune 411002India

bACKGROUND Functional constipation(FC)is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and bloating,which can greatly affect the quality of life of *** treatments often yield suboptimal results,leading to the exploration of alternative therapeutic *** To evaluate the efficacy of Kiwibiotic in the management of FC and related *** This prospective,interventional,single-center,crossover study compared the safety and effectiveness of Kiwibiotic®vs psyllium husk in managing FC,abdominal pain,and *** diagnosed with FC were randomly assigned to receive Kiwibiotic or psyllium husk during the two treatment periods,with a 14-day washout period between *** Seventy participants were enrolled,32 of whom received Kiwibiotic followed by psyllium husk,and 33 received *** showed superiority over psyllium husk in alleviating abdominal pain and bloating,as evidenced by significantly lower mean ***,Kiwibiotic resulted in more than 90.0%of patients experiencing relief from various constipation symptoms,while psyllium husk showed comparatively lower *** Kiwibiotic is an effective treatment option for FC,abdominal pain,and bloating,highlighting its potential as a promising alternative therapy for patients with FC and its associated symptoms.

关键词： Kiwibiotic Psyllium husk Constipation Abdominal pain bloating

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Need for operational simplicity and timely disbursal of benefits—a qualitative exploration of the implementation of a direct benefit transfer scheme for persons with tuberculosis in India

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第3期13卷 58-72页

作者： Malu Mohan Jeromie W.V.Thangaraj Sumit Pandey G.Sri Lakshmi Priya Sivavallinathan Arunachalam Rahul Sharma hemant deepak Shewade b.Aishwarya K.Afeeq Afsana Khatoon b.Gokulvijay Gude Sireesha Kavita Chandra S.Nandhakumar Prince Samuel C.Nanditha Viswanathan Devika Shanmugasundaram Raghuram Rao Manoj V.Murhekar Kathiresan Jeyashree Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology R-127TNHBAyapakkamChennaiTamil Nadu 600077India Tb Support Network WHO Country Office for IndiaNew DelhiIndia Central Tuberculosis Division Government of IndiaNew DelhiIndia

background Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana(NPY)is a direct benefit transfer scheme of the Government of India introduced in 2018 to support the additional nutritional requirements of persons with Tb(PwTb).Our recent nationwide evaluation of implementation and utilization of NPY using programmatic data of PwTb from nine randomly selected Indian states,reported a 70%coverage and high median delay in benefit *** undertook a qualitative study between January and July 2023,to understand the detailed implementation process of NPY and explore the enablers and barriers to effective implementation and utilization of the NPY *** We followed a grounded theory approach to inductively develop theoretical explanations for social phenomena through data generated from multiple *** conducted 36 in-depth interviews of national,district and field-level staff of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme(NTEP)and NPY beneficiaries from 30 districts across nine states of India,selected using theoretical *** analytical framework developed through inductive coding of a set of six interviews,guided the coding of the subsequent *** and themes emerged through constant comparison and the data collection continued until theoretical *** Stakeholders perceived NPY as a beneficial *** political commitment from the state administration,mainstreaming of NTEP work with the district public healthcare delivery system,availability of good geographic and internet connectivity and state-specific grievance redressal mechanisms and innovations were identified as enablers of ***,the complex,multi-level benefit approval process,difficulties in accessing banking services,perceived inadequacy of benefits and overworked human resources in the NTEP were identified as barriers to implementation and *** The optimal utilization of NPY is enabled by strong political commitment and challenged by its length

关键词： National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme Nutritional status Direct benefit transfer Implementation Cash transfer scheme Grounded theory India

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ON INVARIANT ChECKING

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2013年第3期26卷 470-482页

作者： ZhANG Zhihai KAPUR deepak School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Department of Computer Science University of New Mexico

Checking whether a given formula is an invariant at a given program location(especially,inside a loop) can be quite nontrivial even for simple loop programs,given that it is in general an undecidable *** is especially the case if the given formula is not an inductive loop invariant,as most automated techniques can only check or generate inductive loop *** this paper,conditions are identified on simple loops and formulas when this check can be performed automatically.A general theorem is proved which gives a necessary and sufficient condition for a formula to be an invariant under certain restrictions on a *** a byproduct of this analysis,a new kind of loop invariant inside the loop body,called inside-loop invariant,is *** an invariant is more general than an inductive loop invariant typically used in the Floyd-hoare axiomatic approach to program *** use of such invariants for program debugging is explored;it is shown that such invariants can be more useful than traditional inductive loop invariants especially when one is interested in checking extreme/side conditions such as underflow,accessing array/collection data structures outside the range,divide by zero,etc.

关键词： Assertion Floyd-hoare logic invariant invariant generation.

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Telbivudine:A new treatment for chronic hepatitis b

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第46期13卷 6150-6155页

作者： deepak N Amarapurkar Consultant Gastroenterologist Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyBombay Hospital & Medical Research CentreMumbai 400025India

Three hundred and fifty million people worldwide are estimated to be chronically infected with hepatitis b virus. 15%-40% of these subjects will develop cirrhosis, liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma during their life. The treatment of chronic hepatitis b has improved dramatically over the last decade merits to the advent of nucleoside/nucleotide analogues and the use of pegylated interferons. Approved drugs for chronic hepatitis b treatment include： standard interferon- alpha 2b, pegylated interferon-alpha 2a, lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, and entecavir. Unfortunately, these agents are not effective in all patients and are associated with distinct side effects. Interferons have numerous side effects and nucleoside or nucleotide analogues, which are well tolerated, need to be used for prolonged periods, even indefinitely. however, prolonged treatment with nucleoside or nucleotide analogues is associated with a high rate of resistance. Telbivudine is a novel, orally administered nucleoside analogue for use in the treatment of chronic hepatitis b. In contrast to other nucleoside analogues, Telbivudine has not been associated with inhibition of mammalian DNA polymerase with mitochondrial toxicity. Telbivudine has demonstrated potent activity against hepatitis b with a significantly higher rate of response and superior viral suppression compared with lamivudine, the standard treatment. Telbivudine has been generally well tolerated, with a low adverse effect profile, and at its effective dose, no dose- limiting toxicity has been observed. Telbivudine is one of the most potent antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis b virus and was approved by the FDA in late 2006.

关键词： Telbivudine Chronic hepatitis b hepatitis bvirus Nucleoside analogue Antiviral agents Pegylatedinterferons Lamivudine Adefovir dipivoxil Entecavir

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Influence of quasispecies on virological responses and disease severity in patients with chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第5期14卷 701-708页

作者： deepak Kumar Abdul Malik Mohammad Asim Anita Chakravarti Rakha h Das Premashis Kar Department of Medicine Department of Microbiology Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi 110002 IndiaDeepak Comparative Genomics Unit Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Delhi University Campus Mall Road Delhi 110007 India Department of Microbiology Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi 110002 IndiaDeepak Comparative Genomics Unit Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Delhi University Campus Mall Road Delhi 110007 India Department of Microbiology Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi 110002 India

AIM:To elucidate the influence of quasispecies on virological response and disease severity in patients with chronic hepatitis C. METhODS:Forty seven patients with hepatitis C [32 with chronic active hepatitis (CAh), 9 with cirrhosis, and 6 with hepatocellular carcinoma (hCC)] were screened for the presence of quasispecies by single stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis in the hypervariable region (hVR) and non-structural 5b (NS5b) viral genes of hepatitis C virus. The 41 patients excluding those with hCC were on therapy and followed up for a year with the determination of virological response and disease severity. Virus isolated from twenty three randomly selected patients (11 non-responders and 12 showing a sustained virological response) was sequenced for the assessment of mutations. RESULTS:The occurrence of quasispecies was proportionately higher in patients with hCC and cirrhosis than in those with CAh, revealing a significant correlation between the molecular evolution of quasispecies and the severity of disease in patients with hepatitis C. The occurrence of complex quasispecies has a significant association (P h the non-responders, and leads to persistence of infection. Significant differences (P bserved among patients infected with complex quasispecies (CQS), those infected with simple quasispecies (SQS) and those with no quasispecies (NQS), after 12 wk (CQS-5.2 ± 2.3, SQS-3.2 ± 1.9, NQS-2.8 ± 2.4) and 24 wk (CQS-3.9 ± 2.2, SQS-3.0 ± 2.2, NQS-2.1 ± 2.3) in the hVR region. however, a statistically significant difference (P bserved between the viral loads of patients infected with CQS and those infected with NQS in NS5b viral gene after 24 wk (CQS-3.9 ± 2.2, SQS-3.0 ± 2.2, and NQS-2.1 ± 2.3) and 48 wk (CQS-3.1 ± 2.7, SQS-2.3 ± 2.4, NQS-2.0 ± 2.3) of therapy. Disease severity was significantly associated with viral load during therapy. The strains isolated from non-responders sho

关键词： hepatitis C virus Single-strand conformational polymorphism Quasispecies Virological response Interferon therapy

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Ce-Co-doped biFeO_3 multiferroic for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications

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Chinese Physics b 2017年第11期26卷 383-388页

作者： Jyoti Sharma deepak basandrai A K Srivastava Department of Physics Lovely Professional University

The Ce-Co-doped biFeO3 multiferroic, bi（1-x）Ce）xFe（1-x）CoxO3（x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05）, has been prepared by a sol-gel auto-combustion method and analyzed through Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and UV-visible spectroscopy. We have observed an anomalous intensity of the second-order Raman mode at - 1260 cm^-1 in pure bFO and suppressed intensity in doped samples, which indicates the presence of spin two-phonon coupling in these *** photoluminescence spectra show reduction in the intensity of emission with the increasing dopant concentration, which indicates the high charge separation efficiency. A sharp absorption with three charge transfer（C-T） and two d-d transitions are shown by UV-visible spectra in the visible region. The band gap of biFeO3（bFO） is decreasing with increasing dopant concentrations and the materials are suitable for photovoltaic applications.

关键词： Raman and UV-visible spectroscopy photoluminescence and photo-voltaic applications

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On selection and scaling of ground motions for analysis of seismically isolated structures

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2016年第4期15卷 633-648页

作者： deepak R. Pant Manika Maharjan Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 1A4 Canada Atkins Limited The Wells Church Street Epsom KT17 4PE United Kingdom

A broader consensus on the number of ground motions to be used and the method of scaling to be adopted for nonlinear response history analysis （RhA） of structures is yet to be reached. Therefore, in this study, the effects of selection and scaling of ground motions on the response of seismically isolated structures, which are routinely designed using nonlinear RhA, are investigated. For this purpose, isolation systems with a range of properties subjected to bidirectional excitation are considered. benchmark response of the isolation systems is established using large sets of unscaled ground motions systematically categorized into pulse-like, non-pulse-like, and mixed set of motions. Different subsets of seven to 14 ground motions are selected from these large sets using （a） random selection and （b） selection based on the best match of the shape of the response spectrum of ground motions to the target spectrum. Consequences of weighted scaling （also commonly referred to as amplitude scaling or linear scaling） as well as spectral matching are investigated. The ground motion selection and scaling procedures are evaluated from the viewpoint of their accuracy, efficiency, and consistency in predicting the benchmark response. It is confirmed that seven time histories are sufficient for a reliable prediction of isolation system displacement demands, for all ground motion subsets, selection and scaling procedures, and isolation systems considered. If ground motions are selected based on their best match to the shape of the target response spectrum （which should be preferred over randomly selected motions）, weighted scaling should be used if pulse-like motions are considered, either of weighted scaling or spectral matching can be used if non-pulse-like motions are considered, and an average of responses from weighted-scaled and spectrum-matched ground motions should be used for a mixed set of motions. On the other hand, the importance of randomly selected motions in represen

关键词： bidirectional excitation seismic isolation selection and scaling spectral matching weighted scaling

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Exploration and insights into the cellular internalization and intracellular fate of amphiphilic polymeric nanocarriers

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica b 2021年第4期11卷 903-924页

作者： Samrat Mazumdar deepak Chitkara Anupama Mittal Department of Pharmacy Birla Institute of Technology and Science(BITS-PILANI)Rajasthan 333031India

The benefcial or deleterious effects of nanomedicines emerge from their complex interactions with intracellular pathways and their subcellular ***,the dynamic nature of plasma membrane accounts for the movement of these nanocarriers within the cell towards different organelles thereby not only infuencing their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties but also bioavailability,therapeutic effcacy and ***,an in-depth understanding of underlying parameters controlling nanocarrier endocytosis and intracellular fate is *** order to direct nanoparticles towards specifc sub-cellular organelles the physicochemical attributes of nanocarriers can be *** include particle size,shape and surface charge/*** the particle size of nanocarriers below 200 nm contributes to internalization via clathrin and caveolae mediated ***,a moderate negative surface potential confers endolysosomal escape and targeting towards mitochondria,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)and *** review aims to provide an insight into these physicochemical attributes of nanocarriers fabricated using amphiphilic graft copolymers affecting cellular *** principles understood from experimental studies have been extrapolated to draw a general conclusion for the designing of optimized nanoparticulate drug delivery systems and enhanced intracellular uptake via specifc endocytic pathway.

关键词： Amphiphilic Copolymer Nanoparticles Internalization Intracellular fate

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The Development of Efficient Plant Promoters for Transgene Expression Employing Plant Virus Promoters

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Molecular Plant 2012年第4期5卷 941-944页

作者： Sunita Patro deepak Kumar Rajiv Ranjan Indu b.Maiti Nrisingha Dey Institute of Life Sciences Department of BiotechnologyGovernment of IndiaNalco SquareChandrasekherpurBhubaneswar 751023OrissaIndia Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40546-0236USA

Dear Editor, The structure of eukaryotic promoter is modular, consisting of different sub-domains （benfey et al., 1990）. Cross-talk among these sub-domains and effective combinatorial interac- tions between the specific cis-element/s with respective trans- factor/s usually control the strength and tissue specificity of the promoter. Further, specificity/inducibility of promoter can be modified by altering its genetic architecture through ＇cis-rearrangement＇（Rushton et al., 2002） and ＇swapping of sub-domains＇（bhullar et al., 2003）. The fundamental motiva- tion behind developing such modified promoters lies in thebelief that the swapping/shuffling of the upstream activation sequences carrying a specific set of cis-elements that bind to a particular trans-factor from one promoter to the other con- taininq a TATA seauence that miaht result in a novel chimericregu!atory module,

关键词： DELETION ANALYSIS ELEMENTS ENhANCER

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