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Optimising local council's return on investment from annual pavement rehabilitation budgets through targeting of the average pavement condition index

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2016年第5期3卷 465-474页

作者： Gregory Kelly deborah Delaney Gary Chai Sherif Mohamed Road Construction and Maintenance Branch Logan City CouncilQueensland 4144Australia Griffith School of Engineering Griffith UniversityQueensland 4222Australia Griffith Business School Griffith UniversityQueensland 4222Australia

A high quality transportation system is necessary in a modem economy, and a road network is a common and significant, component of the system. Road systems have two major objectives： to enable the movement of passenger vehicles and the movement of freight vehicles at reasonable speeds. An important part of the transportation system and an expensive investment, a functional road network must meet both objectives to main- tain an efficient economy. In Australia, the Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development reported that, in 2011/12, the total road length was approximately 900,000 kin, and the total road expenditure was approximately $19 billion. Good policy requires that infrastructure investments provide a return on investment, thus warranting judicious management to ensure that it is maintained in a cost effective manner. Recent studies in Queensland, Australia, have identified differences between financial and engi- neering professionals in their understanding of infrastructure depreciation, condition deterioration, and future funding needs. Furthermore, the Queensland Asset Sustainability Ratio （ASR） requires clearer definitions to ensure that infrastructure remains meaningful to all users. This study proposes a separate sustainability index for road pavements （SIR） unlike the ASR that combines all type of assets. The justification is our ability to assess road condition, the high value of road assets, relative value to other infrastructure, and advanced knowledge of deterioration relative to other infrastructure. The SIR involves community consultation to target an average pavement condition index （PCI）. This study also provides an alternative method to determine the optimal target PCI for a local

关键词： Sustainability index for road Return on investment Road network optimisation Snowy Mountains Engineering Corporation (SMEC)Pavement management system(PMS)

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DETERMINING ADEQUATE INFORMATION FOR GREEN BUILDING OCCUPANT TRAINING MATERIALS

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Journal of Green Building 2009年第3期4卷 143-150页

作者： deborah Steinberg Melissa Patchan Christian Schunn Amy Landis Chatham University University of Pittsburgh

As knowledge of the built environment’s impact on resource and energy use increases,industry leaders are moving toward a healthier,more sustainable solution by building *** green buildings have the ability to improve occupant health and productivity,it is not clear what impact the behaviors of building occupants have on the *** systems and technologies in green buildings require building occupants to think and operate differently in their new green environment,otherwise risking not fully gaining the beneﬁts of the new *** new behaviors necessary to the success of the green building are not necessarily obvious or *** cannot simply be learned“on-the-job;”rather the transformation will require formal *** likely requires changing attitudes and beliefs in addition to building a robust understanding of new *** study sought to determine the amount of information neces-sary to change occupants’willingness to use new energy-efﬁcient behaviors not followed in the conventional *** empirical test comparing four versions of the same training,each with varying amounts and types of information was presented to three different populations:nursing staff of a green building,clinical staff of a green building,and nursing staff of a conventional *** show that knowledge of green building standards and the impact of energy saving behaviors are the information necessary to increase willingness to change ***,staff members of the new,green building are more willing to change behaviors than staff of the conventional building.

关键词： green building LEED workplace training occupant behavior sustainable behavior

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WATER EFFICIENCY MEASURES AT EMORY UNIVERSITY

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Journal of Green Building 2010年第2期5卷 41-54页

作者： Dennis F.Lynch deborah K.Dietsch Ayers/Saint/Gross

Higher education institutions are implementing environmentally friendly practices as never *** to a 2009 survey undertaken by the Sustainable Endowments Institute,a nonprofit organization based in Cambridge,Massachusetts,more than 300 colleges and universities have become greener over the past few years despite tighter budgets and widely fluctuating energy ***-quarters of these schools have adopted green building policies and about 44 percent have at least one LEED-certified building or are in the process of constructing *** University in suburban Druid Hills outside Atlanta,Georgia,is one of the more forward-looking of these *** 2005,university president James Wagner began the greening of the 600-acre campus by forming a committee to develop an environmental agenda for guiding the institution’s *** following year,Emory opened an Office of Sustainability Initiatives to implement this *** university’s long-term goals include reducing campus energy use by 25 percent per square foot and food,materials,and electronic wastes by 65 percent per square foot—all by ***,the installation of water-saving fixtures and irrigation in accordance with drought restrictions helped to reduce water consumption by 12 percent between 2007 and *** part of its eco-friendly policy,Emory now requires all new structures on campus to earn a LEED silver rating from the *** Building *** far,the university has achieved LEED certification of 13 buildings on campus—5 gold,5 silver,and 3 certified,including classroom,administrative,research,and healthcare *** addition,six completed or nearly completed buildings are awaiting LEED *** Saint Gross Architects and Planners of Baltimore helped to boost the sustainability at Emory,beginning in 1998 with a master plan for the *** firm updated this strategy in 2005 just as the university began studying ways of becoming *** to this man

关键词： rainwater harvesting graywater stormwater management sustainability student housing residence hall design

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Transesterification of sunflower oil in microchannels with circular obstructions

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第4期26卷 852-863页

作者： Harrson S.Santana Joao L.Silva Jr deborah S.Tortola Osvaldir P.Taranto School of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas13083-852 CampinasSPBrazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of South of Minas Gerais-IFSULDEMINAS37560-260 Poaso AlegreMGBrazil

The present paper studied numerical and experimentally the transesterification reaction between sunflower oil and ethanol with NaO H catalyst in microchannels with circular obstructions. The micromixer design influence on fluid mixing and oil conversion was investigated for a range of operating conditions: Reynolds number(Re = 0.1–100),Temperature(25–75 °C), ethanol/oil molar ratio(6-12), and catalyst concentration(0.75 wt%–1.25 wt%), using three microchannel configurations(Length = 35 mm; Width = 1500 μm; Height = 200 μm): T-shape – channel without obstructions; MCO – channel with 3 obstructions ensemble – equally disposed over longitudinal length;MWO – channel with 7 obstructions ensemble. The MCO micromixer was based on literature work, and the MWO is a totally new micromixer design. Experimental tests were conducted in similar conditions in microreactors using these micromixers(Length = 411 mm) made of polydimethylsiloxane. The MCO configuration presented the highest performance(mixing index of 0.80 at Re = 100), oil conversion of 81.13% at 75 °C, molar ratio of 9 and catalyst concentration of 1%. Experimental results showed high conversions for MCO and MWO configurations(99.99%) at 50 °C, molar ratio of 9 and catalyst concentration of 1%, with a residence time of 12 s.

关键词： Biodiesel Sunflower oil-ethanol Transesterification reaction Circular obstructions Microreactor Numerical simulation

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Design and in vivo characterization of kidney-targeting multimodal micelles for renal drug delivery

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5584-5595页

作者： Jonathan Wang Christopher Poon deborah Chin Sarah Milkowski Vivian Lu Kenneth R. Hallows Eun Ji Chung Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

One in three Americans is at risk for developing chronic kidney disease （CKD） and end-stage renal disease （ESRD）, leading to the need for dialysis or a kidney transplant. Small-molecule drugs have been proposed as therapies to manage kidney diseases, but high dosages are often required to achieve therapeutic efficacy, generating off-target side effects, some of which are lethal. To address these limitations, we developed a novel kidney-targeting multimodal micelle （KM） system for drug delivery applications. SpecificaU~ we incorporated the kidney-targeting peptide （Lysine-Lysine-Glutamic acid-Glutamic acid-Glutamic acid）3-Lysine）（（KKEEE）3K） into micelles. This peptide binds to megalin, a multi-ligand cell surface receptor present on renal tubule cells. When incubated with human kidney proximal tubule cells, KMs were found to be biocompatible in vitro. In vivo, KMs showed higher accumulation in the kidneys as compared to a non-targeted （NT） control upon intravenous injection in wild-type C57BL/6J mice. Histological evaluation showed no signs of tissue damage, while blood urea nitrogen （BUN） and creatinine levels were within normal ranges, validating the preservation of kidney health upon micelle administration. To our knowledge, this is the first utilization of （KKEEE）BK in a nanoparticle formulation, and our study offers strong evidence that this novel nanoparticle platform can be used as a candidate drug delivery carrier to direct therapeutics to diseased tissue in CKD.

关键词： micelle kidney disease renal targeting biodistribution nanoparticle

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Long-term, in vivo therapeutic effects of a single dose of miR-145 micelles for atherosclerosis

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第9期27卷 327-336页

作者： deborah D.Chin Neil Patel Woori Lee Sonali Kanaya Jackson Cook Eun Ji Chung Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90089United States Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy Department of SurgeryKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033United States Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90089United States Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033United States Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of MedicineKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033United States Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90089United States

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by the build-up of lipid-rich plaques in the arterial walls. The standard treatment for patients with atherosclerosis is statin therapy aimed to lower serum lipid levels. Despite its widespread use, many patients taking statins continue to experience acute events. Thus, to develop improved and alternative therapies, we previously reported on microRNA-145 (miR-145 micelles) and its ability to inhibit atherosclerosis by targeting vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Importantly, one dose of miR-145 micelles significantly abrogated disease progression when evaluated two weeks post-administration. Thus, in this study, to evaluate how long the sustained effects of miR-145 micelles can be maintained and towards identifying a dosing regimen that is practical for patients with chronic disease, the therapeutic effects of a single dose of miR-145 micelles were evaluated for up to two months in vivo. After one and two months post-treatment, miR-145 micelles were found to reduce plaque size and overall lesion area compared to all other controls including statins without causing adverse effects. Furthermore, a single dose of miR-145 micelle treatment inhibited VSMC transdifferentiation into pathogenic macrophage-like and osteogenic cells in plaques. Together, our data shows the long-term efficacy and sustained effects of miR-145 micelles that is amenable using a dosing frequency relevant to chronic disease patients.

关键词： MicroRNA-145 Atherosclerosis Vascular smooth muscle cell Nanoparticle Gene therapy

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A systematic scoping review of study methodology for randomized controlled trials investigating probiotics in athletic and physically active populations

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 61-71页

作者： Alex E.Mohr David B.Pyne Geovana Silva Fogaça Leite deborah Akins Jamie Pugh College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Research Institute for Sport and Exercise University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia Laboratory of Functional Fermented Food Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AFUK

Background:The purported ergogenic and health effects of probiotics have been a topic of great intrigue among researchers,practitioners,and the lay public *** has also been an increased research focus within the realm of sports science and exercise medicine on the athletic gut ***,compared to other ergogenic aids and dietary supplements,probiotics present unique study *** objectives of this systematic scoping review were to identify and characterize study methodologies of randomized controlled trials investigating supplementation with probiotics in athletes and physically active ***:Four databases(MEDLINE,CINAHL,Cochrane CENTRAL,and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)were searched for randomized controlled studies involving healthy athletes or physically active *** intervention with probiotics and inclusion of a control and/or placebo group were *** peer-reviewed articles in English were considered,and there were no date *** were extracted and presented in tabular form to detail study protocols,characteristics,and *** in randomized controlled trials was determined with the RoB 2.0 ***:A total of 45 studies were included in the review,with 35 using a parallel group design and 10 using a cross-over *** half the studies used a single probiotic and the other half a multi-strain *** probiotic dose ranged from 2×10^(8)to 1×10^(11)colony forming units daily,and the length of intervention was between 7 and 150 *** than half the studies directly assessed gastrointestinal symptoms,gut permeability,or the gut *** sex ratio of participants was heavily weighted toward males,and only 3 studies exclusively investigated ***-level adverse events were reported in only 2 studies,although the methodology of reporting varied *** risk of bias was generally low,although details on randomization were lacking in some s

关键词： Exercise Experimental methodology Gastrointestinal symptoms Gut microbiota Probiotic supplementation

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Histopathological evaluation of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation:A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第11期20卷 2810-2824页

作者： Francesco Vasuri deborah Malvi Elisa Gruppioni Walter F Grigioni Antonia D'Errico-Grigioni "F. Addarii" Institute of Oncology and Transplantation Pathology S. Orsola-Malpighi HospitalBologna University40138 BolognaItaly

Although the morphological features of hepatitis C virus(HCV)recurrence after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)have been well established in the last decades,the differential diagnosis still represents a challenge for the pathologist,especially early recurrent hepatitis C vs mild acute cellular *** present review focuses on the role of the pathologist and the pathology laboratory in the management of recipients with recurrent hepatitis C,the usefulness of early and late post-OLT liver biopsies,and the potential role of ancillary techniques(immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR).The English literature on the topic is reviewed,focusing on the histopathology,the immunohistochemistry and the use of RT-PCR on HCV-positive post-OLT *** different histopathological illustrations of early and chronic recurrent hepatitis C are presented,with special focus on the main differential diagnoses and those features with prognostic relevance(cholestasis above all).The usefulness of ancillary techniques are discussed,especially HCV RNA quantitation by ***,the usefulness of long-term protocol biopsies is addressed:their usefulness for the study of allograft disease progression is clear,but their meaning in the long term is still *** significance of plasma cell infiltrate in HCV-positive allografts,the prognostic weight of graft steatosis,and the impact of donor age in recurrent hepatitis C also represent additional open issues.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Histopathology Immunohistochemistry Orthotopic liver transplantation Recurrent hepatitis C Polymerase chain reaction

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A randomized,fellow eye,comparison of keratometry,aberrometry,tear film,axial length and the anterior chamber depth after eye rubbing in non-keratoconic eyes

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Eye and Vision 2017年第1期4卷 106-113页

作者： Jordan V.Chervenkoff Elizabeth Hawkes Gabriela Ortiz deborah Horney Mayank A.Nanavaty Sussex Eye Hospital Brighton&Sussex University Hospitals NHS TrustEastern RoadBrighton BN25BFUK

Background:To investigate the effect of eye rubbing on keratometry(K),aberrometry,tear film break-up-time(TFBUT)and anterior chamber depth(ACD).Methods:Volunteers without any corneal pathology or dry eyes were randomised to rubbing in one eye and the fellow-eye was *** rubbing was performed for 2 *** outcomes studied were anterior and posterior K *** outcomes were changes in TFBUT,axial length(AL)&ACD,K changes in various zones,asphericity and *** and post rubbing K,aberrometry,ACD and TFBUT were assessed in a predetermined *** relationship of the above parameters to axial length(AL)was also *** was analysed using vector ***:Pre versus post rubbing,anterior flatter K further flattened(42.51±1.52 D vs.42.36±1.53 D,p=0.003)and the changes to J0 vector in central cornea(−0.16±0.26 D vs.-0.27±0.33 D,p=0.038)suggested change to against-the-rule(ATR)*** was significant change in Z^(+2)_(2) polynomial following *** found a positive correlation between axial length and change in posterior K(r=0.335,p=0.020).The TFBUT reduced following eye rubbing(15.3 s vs.13.9 s,p=0.0001).There was a positive correlation between AL and increase in ACD post rubbing(r=0.300,p=0.038).There was a positive correlation between ACD and change in mean posterior K(r=0.305,p=0.035).Conclusions:In healthy eyes,following eye rubbing,there is a significant change in TFBUT and central anterior K changes towards ATR *** eyes had more changes in posterior K and ***,eyes with deeper ACD showed more steepness of posterior K.

关键词： Eye rubbing Ectasia Tear film break up time Astigmatism Aberrations

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Integrating omics technologies for improved quality and safety of seafood products

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第4期8卷 457-462页

作者： deborah M Power Petros Taoukis Dimitra Houhoula Theofania Tsironi Emmanouil Flemetakis Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group Centro de Ciencias do MarUniversity of AlgarveFaroPortugal International Institution of Marine Science Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghaiChina Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology School of Chemical EngineeringNational Technical University of AthensGreece University of West Attica School of Food SciencesDepartment of Food Science&TechnologyGreece Agricultural University of Athens Department of Food Science and Human NutritionLaboratory of Food Process EngineeringGreece Agricultural University of Athens Department of BiotechnologyLaboratory of Molecular BiologyGreece

An essential aspect of product quality of aquatic foods is the rapid and accurate identification of bacterial *** this perspective omics technologies prove to be very useful in the assessment of the quality and safety of seafood *** technologies can identify and detect low levels of contamination by pathogenic and spoilage bacteria and can be used to study the effects caused by processing and storage of seafood *** integration of food processing with the monitoring of the microbial characteristics using conventional microbiological assays,coupled to molecular techniques may establish the baseline for the development of quicker and more sensitive and reliable methods for seafood safety *** use of combined omics technologies,including metagenomics,proteomics and metabolomics,coupled to conventional quality indices such as colour,texture and flavour offer a new tool for novel processing optimization to ensure seafood *** aim of this brief review is to outline how omics technologies can generate novel tools for integration into seafood processing and quality *** that the main aspect of the review is the improvement of safety and quality of the final product,from production to consumption,emphasis is given to microbial identification and metabolite detection,the evaluation of the allergenic capacity of fish and seafood and optimization of postharvest pro*** of omics for identification of potential microalgal products of relevance to seafood quality and safety is also considered.

关键词： Microbiome Proteome Fish Microalgae Seafood Quality Molecular methods

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