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Elucidating the impact of the ionomer equivalent weight on a platinum group metal-free PEMFC cathode via oxygen limiting current

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SusMat 2023年第1期3卷 72-90页

作者： HaoWang Luigi Osmieri Haoran Yu Michael j.Zachman jae Hyung Park Nancy N.Kariuki Firat C.Cetinbas Sunilkumar Khandavalli Scott Mauger deborah j.myers David A.Cullen Kenneth C.Neyerlin Chemistry and Nanoscience Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryGoldenColoradoUSA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIllinoisUSA Nuclear Science and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIllinoisUSA

Leveraging the interactions between ionomer and catalyst can increase the performance of proton exchangemembrane fuel *** impacts of the equivalent weight(EW)of perfluorosulfonic acid-based ionomers on the platinum group metal-free electrode structure and fuel cell performance have not been fully *** membrane electrode assemblies(MEAs)were prepared by using a commercial Fe-N-C catalyst,two perfluorosulfonic acid ionomers with different EWs,that is,Aquivion 720(A720)and Nafion 1100(N1100),and two ionomer-tocatalyst(I/C)*** four MEAswere characterized to understand the impact of the ionomer EW and content on the capacitance,proton conductivity,and mass transport on the *** mass transport resistance was measured for the first time using a new oxygen reduction reaction limiting current method enabling to couple the effects of oxygen diffusion with liquid water *** EW ionomer combined with a moderate I/C results in improved performance due to its enhanced proton ***,when used at high I/C,it can cause severewater flooding at high current density due to the enhanced liquid water uptake,especially at high relative humidity,resulting in lower catalyst utilization and higher mass transport resistance.

关键词： ionomer equivalent weight limiting current mass transport oxygen reduction reaction PGMfree catalyst proton exchange membrane fuel cell

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Rodent management in Aotearoa New Zealand: approaches and challenges to landscape-scale control

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 8-26页

作者： john G.INNES Grant NORBURY Araceli SAMANIEGO Susan WALKER deborah j.WILSON Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research HamiltonNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research AlexandraNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research AucklandNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research DunedinNew Zealand

Aotearoa—New Zealand has only four rodent species,all *** order of arrival,they are Pacific rat Rattus exulans,brown rat ***,house mouse Mus musculus,and black rat *** management in New Zealand aims mainly to conserve indigenous biodiversity rather than to protect crops or manage diseases,as is usual *** describe four major“regimes”and one major vision for rodent control in New Zealand to meet ecological restoration *** challenges for island eradications are for large islands that are remote or populated by *** 1080 is the only large-scale(tens of thousands of hectares)option for black rat control,but its application requires adjustment to counter subsequent rapid black rat ***“ecosanctuaries”(mean 720 ha)use ground-based traps and poisons to target mainly black rats and face constant *** with mammal-resistant fences(up to 3500 ha)limit reinvasion and target more pest species and have enabled the return of previously extirpated taxa to the main *** Free 2050 aims to eradicate the rat species(but not mice)plus some other introduced mammals from New Zealand by *** vision is not attainable with current tools,but research and experimental management is exploring techniques and *** large scale(to 100000 ha)at which black rats are now targeted for control to extremely low abundance seems to be unique to New Zealand.

关键词： black rat brown rat eradication house mouse rodent control

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Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： Nathan Meijer Lisa Zoet Theo de Rijk Paul Zomer deborah Rjkers H.j.van der Fels-Klerx joop j.A.van Loon Wageningen Food Safety Research(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Bestico B.V. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands Plant Sciences Group Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

Black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)receive growing interest as a potential alternative animal feed *** insects may be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing *** study aimed to investigate the effects of six different pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on this insect species'*** toxicity of two"model"substances for each of these classes(cypermethrin;pirimiphosmethyl)was quantified,with and without the synergist piperonyl butoxide(PBO).Critical effect doses corresponding to 10%yield(CED10)for cypermethrin(0.4 mg/kg)and pirimiphos-methyl(4.8 mg/kg)were *** addition of PBO to cypermethrin enhanced its relative potency with a factor *** data were compared against the relative toxicity of two analogue substances in each class(permethrin,deltamethrin;chlorpyrifosmethyl,malathion).Results suggest that exposure to concentrations complying with legal limits can cause significant reductions in *** to multiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in negative additive and synergistic *** the tested substances,deltamethrin was most toxic,causing 94%yield at 0.5 mg/*** results suggested that transfer of tested substances to the larval biomass was substance-and concentration-specific,but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of *** of organophosphates was overall low(justing legally allowed maximum residue levels in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rearing substrate

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Analysis of ancient mass extinction recoveries in marine environments: generating strategies for managing outcomes of the current mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 8-10页

作者： David j.Bottjer Department of Earth Sciences University of Southern California

The defining feature of a mass extinction and its associated recovery is the global amount of extinction that occurred[1]. However, there is finer-scale detail to the story, as seen in the ongoing modern mass extinction(the sixth mass extinction), which exhibits variable effects among marine ecosystems and environments, and hence geographic areas [1].

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Fruit pomacesdtheir nutrient and bioactive components,effects on growth and health of poultry species,and possible optimization techniques

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 357-377页

作者： Taiwo j.Erinle deborah I.Adewole Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroNS B2N 5E3 Canada

The ever-growing human population,coupled with the exigent need to meet the increasing demand for poultry meat and egg,has put the onus on poultry nutritionists and farmers to identify alternative feed ingredients that could assure the least-cost feed *** addition,the public desire for nonantibiotic-treated poultry products has also necessitated the ultimate search for potent antibiotic alternatives for use in poultry *** some identified alternatives are promising,their cost implications and technical know-how requirements may discourage their ease of adoption in *** use of plants and/or their by-products,like fruit pomaces,present a pocket-friendly advantage and as a result,are gaining much *** is traceable to their rich phytochemical profile,nutritional composition,ready availability,and relatively cheap *** fruit juice and wine pressing industries generate a plethora of fruit wastes ***,fruit pomaces contain appreciable dietary fibre,protein,and phenolic compounds,and thus,their adoption could serve the poultry industry in dual capacities including as substitutes to antibiotics and some conventional ***,there is a possibility to reduce fruit wastes produced and feed-cost in poultry farming from environmental and economical standpoints,*** review seeks to provide reinforcing evidence on the applicability and impact of fruit pomaces in poultry nutrition.

关键词： Fruit pomaces Antioxidant Growth performance Gut health Poultry

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Enhanced dual plasmonic photocatalysis through plasmonic coupling in eccentric noble metal-nonstoichiometric copper chakogenide hetero-nanostructures

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1579-1586页

作者： Mariia Ivanchenko Vida Nooshnab Alline F.myers Nicolas Large Andrew j.Evangelista Hao jing Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry George Mason UniversityFairfaxVirginia 22030USA Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249USA National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) 100 Bureau Dr.GaithersburgMaryland 20899USA

The extension of plasmonics to materials beyond the conventional noble metals opens up a novel and exciting regime after the inspiring discovery of characteristic localized surface plasmon resonances(LSPRs)in doped semiconductor nanocrystals originating from the collective oscillations of free holes in the valence *** herein prepare colloidal monodisperse eccentric dual plasmonic noble metal-nonstoichiometric copper chalcogenide(Au@Cu_(2-x)Se)hybrid hetero-nanostructures with precisely controlled semiconductor shell size and two tunable LSPRs in both visible(VIS)and near-infrared(NIR)regions associated with Au and Cu_(2-x)Se,*** systematic evaluations of the photocatalytic performance of Au@Cu_(2-x)Se upon sole NIR and dual VIS+NIR simultaneous excitations,we are capable of unambiguously elucidating the role of plasmonic coupling between two dissimilar building blocks on the accelerated photocatalytic reactions with greater rate constants from both experimental and computational *** significantly enhanced strength of the electromagnetic field arising from efficient plasmonic coupling under the excitation of two LSPRs results in the superior activities of dual plasmonic Au@Cu_(2-x)Se in *** new physical and chemical insights gained from this work provide the keystone for the rational design and construction of high-quality dual-or even multi-plasmonic nano-systems with optimized properties for widespread applications ranging from photocatalysis to molecular spectroscopies.

关键词： dual plasmonic nonstoichiometric copper chalcogenides time-domain(FDTD) photocatalysis

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Fe-Si-O系统中各矿物的热力学性质

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宝石和宝石学杂志(中英文) 1985年第2期 20-34页

作者： j.myers H.P.Eugster 张昌明

序言Fe-Si-O系统包括三个重要的元素.人们对该系统的矿物平衡作深入研究,是了解许多地壳、地幔和地核环境的先决条件.而这方面的资料对有关陨石、月球和行星的问题也是有意义的.Bowen等（1932）首先在1个大气压下对FeO-SiO2系统作熔融实... 详细信息

序言Fe-Si-O系统包括三个重要的元素.人们对该系统的矿物平衡作深入研究,是了解许多地壳、地幔和地核环境的先决条件.而这方面的资料对有关陨石、月球和行星的问题也是有意义的.Bowen等（1932）首先在1个大气压下对FeO-SiO2系统作熔融实验,并表明了实验结果在岩石学上的意义.为了防止氧化作用,所用原料应盛在铁坩埚内,并在炉内通入氮.在

关键词：方铁矿铁矿物 Fe-Si-O 磁铁矿尖晶石热力学性质物理性能矿物 Si

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Textural and functional analysis of sorghum flour cookies as ice cream inclusions

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2023年第2期6卷 100-111页

作者： j.S.myers Scott R.Bean F.M.Aramouni X.Wu K.A.Schmidt Food Science Institute Kansas State University ManhattanKSUSA United States Department of Agriculture ManhattanKSUSA Department of Animal Science and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKSUnited States of America

Flour serves as one of the primary ingredients of cookies,which affects dough properties,physical changes during baking,and post-baking cookie *** gluten-free cookie formulations were developed with the goal of use as inclusions in frozen *** and chocolate cookies were made with sorghum flour or all-purpose wheat flour and then evaluated for physical and chemical *** determine functionality in a frozen state,texture analysis was conducted on cookies at−30℃,−17°C,and 20℃,replicating various ice cream storage *** simulate the process effect of incorporating the product into a frozen dessert,cookies were crumbled mechanically,and the crumbles were separated based on *** evaluating cookies,no significant differences(P<0.05)were observed in width(W),thickness(T),spread,and W/T ratio for flour source within *** cookies had lower moisture contents than chocolate cookies;further,blonde cookies made from sorghum flour had less moisture than those made with wheat *** the cookie temperature decreased from 20℃to−17℃,cookie hardness increased,with flour type having no *** formula,cookies had similar instrumental color ***,blonde cookies made from sorghum flour produced more smaller-sized pieces than those made from wheat *** results of this study demonstrate that sorghum flour cookies have desirable properties for use as inclusions in ice cream and other frozen desserts.

关键词： Cookie Sorghum Inclusion Gluten-free Ice cream

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Red osier dogwood and its use in animal nutrition:A review

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 64-77页

作者： Taiwo joseph Erinle Martine Boulianne Younes Miar Robert Scales deborah Adewole Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruro NSB2N 5E3Canada Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Montreal3200 Sicotte StreetSaint-Hyacinthe QCJ2S 2M2Canada Red Dog Enterprises Ltd. Swan River MBR0L 1Z0Canada

As the human population increases globally,the food animal industry has not been spared from the monumental demand for edible animal products,particularly *** has necessitated the simulta-neous expansion of the productivity of the animal sector to meet the ever-growing human *** antibiotics have been used in food animal production with commendable positive impacts on their growth performance,their sole contributive factor to the increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance has ushered the strict restrictions placed on their use in the animal *** has handed a setback to both animals and farmers;thus,the intense push for a more sustainable antibiotic alternative for use in animal *** use of plants with concentrated phytogenic compounds has gained much interest due to their beneficial bioactivities,including antioxidant and selective *** the reported beneficial activities of phytogenic additives on animals vary due to their varying total polyphenol concentrations(TPC),red osier dogwood(ROD)plant materials boast of high TPC with excellent antioxidant prowess and growth improvement capacities compared to some plant extracts commonly used in ***,its adoption in research and commercial scale is still ***,the present review aims to provide concise information on the dietary potential of ROD plant materials in animal feeding.

关键词： Red osier dogwood Antibiotic-alternative Polyphenolic compounds Antioxidant Antimicrobial

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Musculoskeletal Conditions in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS:A Scoping Review

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Current Medical Science 2022年第1期42卷 17-25页

作者： Louise Schade Berg james jYoung deborah Kopansky-Giles Stefan Eberspaecher Geoff Outerbridge Eric LHurwitz jan Hartvigsen Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics University of Southern DenmarkOdense 5230Denmark Department of Research Canadian Memorial Chiropractic CollegeToronto M2H3 J1Canada Department of Family&Community Medicine University of TorontoMG51V7Canada Department of Orthopedic Surgery Princess Marina HospitalGaborone 8WVF+7H3Botswana World Spine Care Canadian Memorial Chiropractic CollegeToronto M2H 3J1Canada Office of Public Health Studies University of Hawaii at ManoaHonolulu 96822USA Chiropractic Knowledge Hub Odense 5230Denmark

Objective:Globally 37.9 million people are living with HIV/AIDS,and with mortality rates declining,there is an increasing focus on comorbidities including musculoskeletal(MSK)***,the aim of this scoping review was to generate and summarize an overview of the existing scientific literature dealing with MSK complaints in people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHAs).Methods:This scoping review followed the five-stage methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley.

关键词： musculoskeletal conditions HIV AIDS

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