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Litter decomposition and nutrient release for two tropical N-fixing species in Rio de Janeiro,Brazil

Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第2期33卷 487-496页

作者： David Pessanha Siqueira Giovanna Campos Mamede Weiss de Carvalho JoséGabriel de Souza Silva Marcos Vinicius Winckler Caldeira deborah Guerra Barroso Laboratório de Fitotecnia Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroAvenida Alberto Lamego2000Campos dos GoytacazesRio de JaneiroBrazil Departamento de Ciências Florestais e da Madeira Universidade Federal do Espírito SantoAvenida Governador Lindenberg316Jerônimo MonteiroEspírito SantoBrazil Department of Geosciences and Natural Resources Management University of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 23Frederisksberg CDenmark

Litter production and decomposition are critical to forest productivity,nutrient cycling,and carbon seques-tration in tropical woody ***,nutrient release and leaf litter stoichiometry in tropical legume tree plantations over the long term after outplanting are poorly understood or even *** improving our under-standing of the pattern of changes in the decomposition of N-fixing leaf litters and their possible impact on carbon stor-age,we measured litter production,mass loss and nutrient release for 240 d during litter decomposition for two tropical legume tree species(Plathymenia reticulata and Hymenaea courbaril),in Rio de Janeiro,*** production for *** was 5.689 kg ha^(−1) a^(−1) and 3.231 kg ha^(−1) a^(−1) for *** patterns of mass loss rates were similar;however,nutrient release was greater for ***,while *** showed immobilization of nutrients,especially for N,which increased by almost 20%in the early phase of decomposition followed by gradual *** from the N-fixing species did differ in nutrient chemistries over time,which was not surprising given that initial nutrient concentrations varied broadly,except for C and *** of the nutrient concentrations increased as the remaining litter mass decreased in both species,except for C and *** C:N and N:P ratios differed between the species,but N:P did not correlate to mass *** species had N-rich leaves,but *** decomposition was very likely P-limited,while *** seemed to be co-limited by N and *** results showed different patterns in nutrient release and the stoichi-ometry involved in the decomposition dynamics of the two tropical N-fixing species,even though they have similar litter decay *** species,but especially ***,may help re-establish nutrient cycling in disturbed ecosystems.

关键词： Nutrient dynamics Legume species Litter chemistry Ecological stoichiometry Tropical forest

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MicroRNAs and immunity in periodontal health and disease

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International Journal of Oral Science 2018年第3期10卷 133-146页

作者： Xianghong Luan Xiaofeng Zhou Afsar Naqvi Marybeth Francis deborah Foyle Salvador Nares Thomas G.H.Diekwisch Department of Oral Biology UIC College of DentistryChicagoILUSA Department of Periodontics UIC College of DentistryChicagoILUSA Department of Periodontics Texas A&M College of DentistryChicagoILUSA

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are critical regulators of the host immune and inflammatory response against bacterial pathogens. In the present review, we discuss target genes, target gene functions, the potential regulatory role of miRNAs in periodontal tissues, and the potential role of miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutics. In periodontal disease, miRNAs exert control over all aspects of innate and adaptive immunity, including the functions of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells and T and B cells. Previous human studies have highlighted some key miRNAs that are dysregulated in periodontitis patients. In the present study, we mapped the major miRNAs that were altered in our reproducible periodontitis mouse model relative to control animals. The miRNAs that were upregulated as a result of periodontal disease in both human and mouse studies included miR-15 a, miR-29 b, miR-125 a, miR-146 a,miR-148/148 a and miR-223, whereas miR-92 was downregulated. The association of individual miRNAs with unique aspects of periodontal disease and their stability in gingival crevicular fluid underscores their potential as markers for periodontal disease progression or healthy restitution. Moreover, miRNA therapeutics hold great promise for the future of periodontal therapy because of their ability to modulate the immune response to infection when applied in conjunction with synthetic antagomirs and/or relatively straightforward delivery strategies.

关键词： RNA In MicroRNAs and immunity in periodontal health and disease

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Online single particle analysis of chemical composition and mixing state of crop straw burning particles： from laboratory study to field measurement

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 244-252页

作者： Juntao HUO Xiaohui LU Xinning WANG Hong CHEN Xingnan YE Song Gao deborah S. Gross Jianmin CHEN Xin YANG Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Division of Math Science and Technology Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL 33314 USA Department of Chemistry Carleton College Northfield MN 55057 USA Fudan-Tyndall Center Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

Fresh straw burning （SB） particles were generated in the laboratory by the combustion of rice straw and corn straw. The chemical composition and mixing state of the fresh SB particles were investigated by an Aerosol Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer （ATOFMS）. Based on the mass spectral patterns, the SB particles were clustered into four major types： Salt, Organic Carbon （OC）, Elemental Carbon （EC）, and internally mixed particles of EC and OC （EC-OC）. In addition, particles containing ash, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals or nicotine were also observed. Physical and chemical changes of the SB particles immediately after the emission were analyzed with highly time-resolved data. During the aging processes, the average particle size increased steadily. Freshly emitted organic compounds were gradu- ally oxidized to more oxygenated compounds in the OC- containing particles. Meanwhile, an important displace- ment reaction （2KCI＋ SO24- KzSO4 ＋ 2C1-） was observed. The marker ions for SB particles were optimized and applied to identify the SB particles in the ambient atmosphere. The fluctuation of the number fraction of ambient SB particles sorted by ATOFMS agrees well with that of water soluble K＋ measured by an online ion chromatography, demonstrating that the optimized marker ions could be good tracers for SB particles in field measurements.

关键词： crop straw burning particles mixing state,aging process ATOFMS ion markers

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转基因作物和食品安全

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华中农业大学学报 2014年第6期33卷 1-9页

作者： deborah Delmer 高亮美国加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室

2050年全球人口将高达90亿,为了养活每一个人,就必须有效地运用每一项技术使粮食增产。毫无疑问,转基因作物很可能是可以达到全球粮食安全的技术之一,而且也会起到积极的作用。尽管目前针对转基因的虚假言论很多,但我们可以明确地表示,... 详细信息

2050年全球人口将高达90亿,为了养活每一个人,就必须有效地运用每一项技术使粮食增产。毫无疑问,转基因作物很可能是可以达到全球粮食安全的技术之一,而且也会起到积极的作用。尽管目前针对转基因的虚假言论很多,但我们可以明确地表示,转基因作物对于人和动物来说是安全的。目前大规模种植的抗除草剂和抗虫的转基因作物,只要在合适的环境中进行,对小型或大型的农业发展都是有益的,同时也有助于粮食安全。如果将抗旱、氮高效利用、抗病以及改良营养成分的优质基因在原生质体中表达后再进行育种,将转基因技术与常规育种策略相结合,将会相互促进、相互发展。放眼未来,发展中国家需要制定出合理的监管制度来推动有益的转基因作物,而不是停留在无休止的田间试验阶段。基因组编辑等新技术能使我们对基因组特定区域进行精准、安全的改造,因此,这项技术应获得更为宽松的监管环境。

关键词：转基因作物食品安全基因组编辑发展中国家农业

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DON＇T THROW AWAY YOU IDENTITY

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2013年第2期 24-25,43,44页

作者： deborah Netburn

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Sclerostin activity plays a key role in the negative effect of glucocorticoid signaling on osteoblast function in mice

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Bone Research 2017年第2期5卷 95-108页

作者： Eric E Beier Tzong-Jen Sheu Emily A Resseguie Masahiko Takahata Hani A Awad deborah A Cory-Slechta J Edward Puzas Department of Environmental Medicine University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester NY USA Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA and Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester NY USA

Stress during prenatal development is correlated with detrimental cognitive and behavioral outcomes in offspring. However, the long-term impact of prenatal stress(PS) and disrupted glucocorticoid signaling on bone mass and strength is not understood. In contrast, the detrimental effect of lead(Pb) on skeletal health is well documented. As stress and Pb act on common biological targets via glucocorticoid signaling pathways and co-occur in the environment, this study first sought to assess the combined effect of stress and Pb on bone quality in association with alterations in glucocorticoid signaling. Bone parameters were evaluated using microCT, histomorphometry, and strength determination in 8-month-old male mouse offspring subjected to PS on gestational days 16 and 17, lifetime Pb exposure(100 p.p.m. Pb in drinking water), or to both. Pb reduced trabecular bone mass and, when combined with PS, Pb unmasked an exaggerated decrement in bone mass and tensile strength. Next, to characterize a mechanism of glucocorticoid effect on bone, prednisolone was implanted subcutaneously(controlled-release pellet, 5 mg·kg^(-1) per day) in 5-month-old mice that decreased osteoblastic activity and increased sclerostin and leptin levels. Furthermore, the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone alters the anabolic Wnt signaling pathway. The Wnt pathway inhibitor sclerostin has several glucocorticoid response elements, and dexamethasone administration to osteoblastic cells induces sclerostin expression. Dexamethasone treatment of isolated bone marrow cells decreased bone nodule formation, whereas removal of sclerostin protected against this decrement in ***, these findings suggest that bone loss associated with steroid-induced osteoporosis is a consequence of sclerostin-mediated restriction of Wnt signaling, which may mechanistically facilitate glucocorticoid toxicity in bone.

关键词： Sclerostin prenatal negative

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Joining the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) Round 2

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国际贸易法论丛 2014年第1期 132-138页

作者： deborah Kay Elms Temasek Foundation Centre for Trade & Negotiations (TFCTN) S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies Nanyang Technological University

Getting the Deal Done with the TPP12The Trans-Pacific Partnership(TPP)trade negotiations are currently nearing completion with twelve countries:Australia,Brunei,Canada,Chile,Japan,Malaysia,Mexico,New Zealand,Peru,Sing... 详细信息

关键词： Trans-Pacific commitments agreement

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Vegetative propagation of Apuleia leiocarpa(Vogel)***

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第2期33卷 455-462页

作者： JoséGabriel de Souza Silva Diêgo Faustolo Alves Bispo David Pessanha Siqueira Giovanna Campos Mamede Weiss de Carvalho deborah Guerra Barroso Laboratório de Fitotecnia Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroAvenida Alberto LamegoCampos dos GoytacazesRJ 2000Brazil

Apuleia leiocarpa is an environmentally and economically significant Atlantic Forest species threat-ened by ongoing *** vegetative propagation of the species could be a step forward to enable implanta-tion of clonal seed orchards and multiplication of selected trees but remains unknown to *** study assessed the mini-cutting technique for propagation of *** and determined the time required for rooting and viable mini-cutting type and *** results show that it is possible to propagate *** with mini-cuttings derived from mini-stumps produced with seeds;the mini-stumps pre-sented regrowth capacity and remained constantly produc-tive for 1 year;10-cm *** mini-cuttings should remain under misting conditions for at least 40 days,and the vegetative propagation of *** with intermediate 7-to 10-cm mini-cuttings resulted in more vigorous clonal seedlings than smaller mini-cuttings.

关键词： Mini-cutting Tropical woody species Adventitious rooting Fabaceae

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Pancreaticoduodenectomy in the Middle East: Achieving optimal results through specialization and standardization

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2019年第5期18卷 478-483页

作者： Walid Faraj Hussein Nassar Ahmad Zaghal deborah Mukherji Ali Shamseddine Mariam Kanso Rola F. Jaafar Mohamad Khalife Liver Transplantation and Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery Department of General SurgeryAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirutLebanon Department of Oncology American University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirutLebanon

Background: Pancreaticoduodenectomy is a challenging surgical intervention that remains the cornerstone in the treatment of localized peri-ampullary pathologies. The concept of treatment standardization has been well-established in many high-volume centers in the world. Here, we present our experience in pancreaticoduodenectomy from 1994 to 2015. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the medical charts of patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at our institution. Data was entered to SPSS statistical software and analyzed. The Mann-Whitney U and Fisher’s exact tests were used to report statistical differences between groups. Results: Of the 370 patients who underwent pacreaticoduodenectomy, 300 were analyzed. The 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rates were 85%, 35%, 15%, and 7%, respectively with a 30-day mortality rate of 5.0%(15 patients). The median age of the patients was 61 (13-84) years, with 193 (64.3%) males and 107 (35.7%) females. The median operative time was 300 (130-570) min. The median postoperative length of hospital stay was 12 (5-76) days. Thirty-two patients required re-laparotomies;10 for pancreatic leak, 7 for biliary leak and 15 for control of bleeding. Seventy-five (25.0%) patients developed pancreatic fistulae. Delayed gastric emptying was present in 31 (10.3%) patients. A significant improvement in surgical outcome was observed in cases done after 2008 which indicates the important role of specialized team in surgical management. Conclusions: The number of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy has been increasing annually over the past twenty-two years in our institution with results comparable to published series from high-volume centers. Through standardization of surgical techniques and perioperative management carried out by a specialist team, our results continue to improve despite the increasing complexity of cases referred to our unit.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreaticoduodenectomy Middle East

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Book Review of Machine Scoring of Student Essays： Truth and Consequences

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英语考试研究 2011年第5期 47-49页

作者： deborah Crusan Wright State University Dayton OH

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