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A Theoretically Grounded Question Answering Data Set for Evaluating Machine Common Sense

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Data Intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 1-28页

作者： Henrique santos Ke Shen Alice M.Mulvehill Mayank Kejriwal deborah L.McGuinness Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY Information Sciences Institute Marina del Rey CA

Achieving machine common sense has been a longstanding problem within Artificial *** far,benchmark data sets that are grounded in a theory of common sense and can be used to conduct rigorous,semantic evaluations of common sense reasoning(CSR)systems have been *** expectation of the AI community is that neuro-symbolic reasoners can help bridge this gap towards more dependable systems with common *** propose a novel benchmark,called Theoretically Grounded common sense Reasoning(TG-CSR),modeled as a set of question answering instances,with each instance grounded in a semantic category of common sense,such as space,time,and *** benchmark is few-shot i.e.,only a few training and validation examples are provided in the public release to avoid the possibility of *** from recent evaluations suggest that TG-CSR is challenging even for state-of-the-art statistical *** to its semantic rigor,this benchmark can be used to evaluate the common sense reasoning capabilities of neuro-symbolic systems.

关键词： reasoning Intelligence instance

Diversity of mycorrhizal fungi and soil indicative species in coastal plantations of northeast Brazil

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1203-1211页

作者： Olmar Baller Weber Maria Cátia Barroso da Silva Cristiane Figueira da Silva Diva Correia deborah dos santos Garruti Marcela Claudia Pagano Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical Rua Dra.Sara Mesquita2270PiciFortalezaCeará60511-110Brazil Centro de Ciências E Tecnologia Universidade Estadual Do CearáAv.Dr.Silas Munguba1700Campus do ItaperiFortaleza 60740-000Brazil Universidade Federal Rural Do Rio de Janeiro BR 465 Km 7 Seropédica RJSeropédicaRio de Janeiro CEP 23890-000Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Av.Antonio Carlos6627PampulhaBelo Horizonte 31270-001Brazil

The aim of this work was to evaluate arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi as soil indicators and the mycorrhization of native and exotic tree species planted in the Acaraúbasin,a transition area from the coast to the Brazilian semiarid *** with 6-year-old trees of four native and three non-native species as well as one non-forested area were evaluated in terms of the diversity of AM fungi in the mycorrhizosphere and the root colonization by AM and ectomycorrhizal(EcM)***-four AM fungi were identified;Claroideoglomus etunicatum,Glomus sinuosum,Paraglomus albidum,Acaulospora laevis,and Acaulospora brasiliensis were abundant in the forest ***,dominance,evenness and richness indices of AM fungi were higher in plots with native *** root samples were colonized by AM fungi and only A nadenanthera colubrina,Acacia mangium,Casuarina equisetifolia and Eucalyptus urophylla formed associations with EcM *** morphotypes served as soil indicators for coverings with the native species Astronium fraxinifolium and Colubrina *** species may favor the proliferation of rarer AM *** fungi–plant relationships may be important in the management of forest systems,and the evidence with mycorrhizal associations allows the inclusion of Brazilian species in tropical reforestation.

关键词： Acacia mangium Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Brazilian species Casuarina equisetifolia Ectomycorrhizal fungi Eucalyptus urophylla

Biological and chemical attributes of soils under forest species in Northeast Brazil

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1959-1973页

作者： Olmar Baller Weber Maria Catia Barroso da Silva Cristiane Figueira da Silva Joao Alencar de Sousa Carlos Alberto Kenji Taniguch deborah dos santos Garruti Ricardo Espindola Romero Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry Rua Dra.Sara Mesquita2270PiciFortalezaCeara60511-110Brazil Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia Universidade Estadual do CearaAv.Dr.Silas Munguba1700Campus do ItaperiFortaleza 60740-000Brazil Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro BR 465Km 7SeropedicaRio De Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Depto Ciencia do Solo Universidade Federal do CearaCampus do PiciFortaleza 60021-970Brazil

Timber forests contribute to the sustainable development of the biomes in tropical *** aim of this study was to evaluate the biological and chemical properties of the soil as a consequence of the cover with native and non-native species in the Acarau basin,a transition area from the coast to the Brazilian semi-arid *** planted with four native species(Anadenanthera colubrina,Astronium fraxinifolium,Handroanthus impetiginosus,Colubrina glandulosa)and three exotic species(Acacia mangium,Casuarina equisetifolia,Eucalyptus urophylla)plus a non-forested agricultural area were evaluated for organic carbon contents,and microbial and chemical soil *** levels of soil organic carbon were highest in *** and *** *** basal soil respiration was observed but the microbial biomass was particularly low in the non-forested *** the ***,***,and *** plantations,elevated soil metabolic quotients were *** *** and *** plantations had the highest levels of easily extracted-glomalin related soil *** species affect concentrations of essential nutrients and the biological quality of the soil in different *** can also improve the biological and chemical properties of the soil in the coastal plains of tropical regions.

关键词： Soil quality Brazilian timber species Eucalyptus Acacia Casuarina

The Semantic Data Dictionary-An Approach for Describing and Annotating Data

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Data Intelligence 2020年第4期2卷 443-486页

作者： Sabbir M.Rashid James P.McCusker Paulo Pinheiro Marcello P.Bax Henrique O.santos Jeanette A.Stingone Amar K.Das deborah L.McGuinness Tetherless World Constellation Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroy NY 12180USA School of Information Science Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901MGBrazil Mailman School of Public Health Columbia UniversityNew York NY 10032USA IBM Research Cambridge MA 02142USA

It is common practice for data providers to include text descriptions for each column when publishing data sets in the form of data *** these documents are useful in helping an end-user properly interpret the meaning of a column in a data set,existing data dictionaries typically are not machine-readable and do not follow a common specification *** introduce the Semantic Data Dictionary,a specification that formalizes the assignment of a semantic representation of data,enabling standardization and harmonization across diverse data *** this paper,we present our Semantic Data Dictionary work in the context of our work with biomedical data;however,the approach can and has been used in a wide range of *** rendition of data in this form helps promote improved discovery,interoperability,reuse,traceability,and *** present the associated research and describe how the Semantic Data Dictionary can help address existing limitations in the related *** discuss our approach,present an example by annotating portions of the publicly available National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data set,present modeling challenges,and describe the use of this approach in sponsored research,including our work on a large National Institutes of Health(NIH)-funded exposure and health data portal and in the RPI-IBM collaborative Health Empowerment by Analytics,Learning,and Semantics project.

关键词： Semantic Data Dictionary Dictionary mapping Codebook Knowledge modeling Data integration Data dictionary Mapping language Metadata standard Semantic Web Semantic ETL FAIR Data

Tree succession across a seasonally dry tropical forest and forest-savanna ecotone in northern Minas Gerais,Brazil

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 859-868页

作者： Polyanne A.Coelho Paola Ferreira santos Eduardo de Paiva Paula deborah M.G.Apgaua Bruno Gini Madeira Gisele Cristina de Oliveira Menino Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes Rubens M.santos David Y.P.Tng Department of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasC.P.3037CEP 37200-000LavrasMinas GeraisBrazil Department of General Biology State University of Montes ClarosC.P.126CEP 39401-089Montes ClarosMinas GeraisBrazil Instituto Federal Goiano C.P.66CEP 75901-970Rio VerdeGoiâniaBrazil Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Sciences College of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University14-88 McGregor RdSmithfield QLD 4878CairnsQueenslandAustralia

Aims Understanding succession in tropical forest is an important aspect of vegetation science,but to date,successional processes in sea-sonally dry tropical forests(SDtFs)have received much less atten-tion than evergreen humid tropical *** aim to fill this knowledge *** We investigated vegetation succession in SDtF areas consisting of three different successional stages(early,intermediate,late),and a SDtF-savanna ecotone in the municipal district of Juramento,north of Minas Gerais State,*** twelve 400 m2 plots in each area,we compared vegetation parameters and structural variables(absolute density and basal area)and examined the floristic composition of the tree component to find gradients of *** Findings We found evidence of species turnover along a successional gradi-ent,with the intermediate stage showing the highest species rich-ness and *** was accompanied with a significant increase in the number of tree individuals and basal area from the early to intermediate successional ***,the intermediate and late SDtF successional stages were more similar in structure and *** ecotone was the most species rich and was similar to the intermediate SDtF and early successional stage in species richness and floristic composition *** results will have implications for guiding SDtF management and recovery programs.

关键词： caatinga floristic Similarity ecotone forest succession resilience.

Screening of Type 2 Diabetes in the City of Belo Horizonte: Differences between Genders

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2016年第4期6卷 141-149页

作者： Braulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho Couto Katiussia Brito Porto Fabiane de Freitas Sales deborah Campos Oliveira Larissa da Silva Pacheco Lídia Christina Guimarães Pereira Talita santos de Almeida Geiza Francielle Rodrigues de Souza Mariana santos Romualdo Jaqueline Paulino de Souza Clara Araújo Veloso Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (ICBS) Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte Brasil

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem that carries a high social and economic burden. Its diagnosis is unknown in half of individuals who have the disease. The diagnosis of the risk factors should be done in the beginning, since changes in lifestyle and hyperglycemic correction may delay the appearance of the disease and its complications. In this context, screening has been considered an important tool for an early detection of diabetes in asymptomatic adults. Objective: The objective is to track diabetes in people from BH, comparing genders. Patients and methods: People were interviewed with questions concerning the risk factors associated with the development of diabetes. According to the risk factors present, they were classified as non-diabetic [ND], pre-diabetic [PD] or diabetic [DM]. Statistical analyses were performed considering p ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: 1264 individuals participated (5.5% DM, 6.5% PD, 88.0% ND). When grouped, PD and DM males were more prevalent than PD and DM females. Those in the DM group had higher blood pressure, age, glycaemia, number of past smokers, first-degree relatives with diabetes than either PD or ND. Both males and females in DM and PD groups had a higher waist circumference than did either ND males or females. ND men had a higher intake of fried food and smoked more in the past than ND women. Both ND and PD males had higher blood pressure than women from the same groups. Conclusion: Screening for diabetes is very important for an early diagnosis and to avoid future complications in patients. It’s possible to infer that women are more conscientious when it comes to taking care of themselves than men.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Screening Gender Risk Factors

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温哥华公寓

城市环境设计 2019年第2期118卷 210-219页

作者： Carl McDonald Melissa Bauld Aaron Mark Alan Tansey Alex Wu Alexandra Gustafsson Alina Tamosiunaite Amina Blacksher Aran Coakley Arash Adel Ahmadian Armen Menendian Barbora Srpkova Ben Zunkeler Benjamin Caldwell Benjamin Novacinski Bennett Gale Birk Daugaard Blake Theodore Smith Brian Foster Brian Rome Carolien Schippers Christopher James Malcolm Jr. Christopher Junkin Christopher Tron David Brown David Dottelonde deborah Campbell Doug Stechschulte Douglass Alligood Edward Yung Elena Bresciani Filip Milovanovic Francesca Portesine Gabriel Hernandez Solano Gabriel Jewell-Vitale Hector Garcia Ivy Hume Jan Leenknegt Janice Rim John Kim Josiah Poland Julian Liang Julianne Gola Julie Kaufman Karol Bogdan Borkowski Kurt Nieminen Lauren Turner Lorenz Krisai Lucio santos Marcella Martinez Martin Voelkle Matthew Dlugosz Megan Ng Michael Robert Taylor Otilia Pupezeanu Paula Domka Phillip MacDougall Ryan Yang Sean Franklin Sebastian Grogaard Simon Scheller Spencer Hayden Taylor Fulton Terrence Chew Terry Lallak Thomas Smith Tianqi Zhang Tobias Hjortdal Tran Le Valentina Mele Xinyu Wang Yaziel Juarbe Yoanna Shivarova Zach Walters Zhifei Xu Andrew Latreille Glotman Simpson Urban YVR 运小红

温哥华公寓的建成预示着这个年轻的城市正在打开城市政策制定的新局面。它将成为从Granville大桥进入温哥华市中心的城市大门。塔楼和群房的设计是对新城市主义地域类型中的"温哥华主义"建筑的全新解读,配合一座纤细的塔楼,试图保留城... 详细信息

温哥华公寓的建成预示着这个年轻的城市正在打开城市政策制定的新局面。它将成为从Granville大桥进入温哥华市中心的城市大门。塔楼和群房的设计是对新城市主义地域类型中的"温哥华主义"建筑的全新解读,配合一座纤细的塔楼,试图保留城市视觉通廊并激活步行通道。住宅塔楼借助高度和毗邻河流的地理位置,是唯一可以同时享受水景和山景的建筑,坐拥温哥华广袤的自然风光。

关键词：温哥华平面图 Dialog 立面图