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Hospital Night Shift and Its Effects on the Quality of Sleep, the Quality of Life, and Vigilance Troubles among Nurses

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014年第10期5卷 572-583页

作者： Wided Boughattas Olfa El Maalel Ridha Ben Chikh Maher Maoua Kalboussi Houda Aicha Braham Houssem Rhif Souheil Chatti faten debbabi Mohamed Dogui Nejib Mrizak Neurophysiology Department Sahloul Teaching Hospital Sousse Tunisia Occupational Medicine and Professional Pathologies Department Medicine Faculty of Sousse Sousse Tunisia

Introduction: The exposure to shift works, and especially to night shift, goes against the circadian rythmicity of the social man, which brings about a multitude of disruptive effects on health. In a hospital environment, such night shift is necessary so as to ensure the continuity of care. Sleep and vigilance disorders related to this work mode are frequent and often pose adaptation problems. The objective of this study is to detect the harmful effects of night shift on sleep, vigilance and the quality of life of nurses in Farhat Hached Teaching Hospital in Sousse. Material and Methods: It is a cross-sectional study carried out among two groups of nurses: one group performing a fixed night work and the other one working permanently during the day at Farhat Hached Teaching Hospital in Sousse. Data collection is mainly based on validated questionnaires evaluating sleep quality (Pittsburg sleep quality index), daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale), sleep typology (Horne and Ostberg questionnaire), and the quality of life (SF-12). An objective evaluation of vigilance was realized by the study of reaction time and error rates to different tasks of “Super lab” software. Results: 50 night and 50 day nurses have been colligated. Both groups were age- and gender-matched. Sleep quality mean index was significantly higher among night nurses in comparison with day nurses (10.2 ± 5.9 versus 6.76 ± 5.16). After multivariate analysis, sleep quality was significantly correlated to age, department, schedule and the choice of schedule. Night shift was not related to daytime sleepiness. The objective analysis of vigilance showed that the reaction time to different tasks exploring the attentional mechanisms, as well as errors rate, were significantly more important among the night group. The mental score of the quality of life was significantly higher among day nurses. However, such difference was not significant with regard to physical score. Conclusion: The findings of our s

关键词： Night Shift Nurse Quality of Life Sleep Vigilance

Occupational Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Tunisia: Epidemiology and Occupational Outcome

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2018年第3期6卷 107-117页

作者： Asma Aloui Maher Maoua Houda Kalboussi Imène Kacem Sana El Guedri Aicha Brahem Olfa El Maalel faten debbabi Souhaiel Chatti Néjib Mrizak Department of Occupational Medicine Faculty of Medicine of Sousse University of Sousse Farhat Hached Teaching Hospital Sousse Tunisia

Background: Occupational allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is one of the most frequent diseases on the workplace worldwide. Its national incidence and prevalence were not previously studied in Tunisia. Objective: To assess incidence of occupational allergic contact dermatitis and its occupational outcome in Tunisia. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological study of all cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis reported from 2002 to 2012 in Tunisia and recognized by the medical commissions of the National Health Insurance Fund. Results: 315 cases of occupational ACD were collected representing an annual incidence of 31.65 cases/100.000 workers in the private sector in Tunisia. The mean age of our population was 42.70 ± 9.02 years with a male predominance (sex ratio 3.03). The most affected sectors were the clothing sector (14.3% of cases) and the cement industry (13.7% of cases). Patch tests were positive in 188 patients (59.67%). The most frequently positive allergen was potassium dichromate in 27.3% of the cases. Overall, 25.4% of patients had lost their jobs. After multiple binary logistic regression, job loss had a statistically significant relationship with localization of lesions on the face and on dominant hand. Conclusion: Occupational ACD is frequent in Tunisia and is responsible for an important rate of job loss. Preventive measures must be reinforced, especially the wearing of protective gloves.

关键词： Epidemiology Occupational Disease Allergic Contact Dermatitis Job Loss Tunisia

Extraprofessional and Occupational Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer

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Journal of Life Sciences 2012年第8期6卷 848-857页

作者： Olfa El Maalel Wided Boughattas Maher Maoua Houda Kalboussi Iheb Bougmiza Houssem Rhif Souhaiel Chatti Kader N'Daye faten debbabi Ali Mtiraoui Noejib Mrizak Department of Occupational Medicine Teaching Hospital Farhat Hached of Sousse Avenue Ibn El Jazzar 4000 Tunisia Department of Communal Medicine Medicine University Avenue Mohamed Karoui Sousse 4002 Tunisia

Colorectal cancers （CRC） account for frequent and serious cancers which result from the interaction between individual genetic factors and environmental factors, and in particular widely studied nutritional ones. The role of other occupational factors remains a controversial subject. The objective of this study is to evaluate the possible impact of occupational factors on the risk of developing CRC. Materials and Methods： This is a retrospective case-control study. The cases and the control group were enlisted in the general surgical ward of Farhat Hached Teaching Hospital of Sousse （Tunisia） during the period extending from 2004 to 2008, and they were age and gender-matched. The data were analyzed using SPSS 11.0 software with a signification threshold fixed at 5%. A univariate analysis was carried out as well as a multiple binary logistical regression. Results： During the period of the study, 40 cases of colorectal cancers have been colligated including 28 men and 12 women with a sex ratio of 0.43. The average age of the cases was 61.55 ± 13.3 years and 60.40 ± 12.84 years for the control group, with a non significant difference （P = 0.69）. The univariate analysis has objectivized significant associations between colorectal cancer and the housing conditions, the neoplastic and digestive family history, the occupational activity sector, exposure to pesticides, and lack of periodic medical supervision. After logistical regression, the occurrence risk of CRC was significantly associated with： alcohol and smoking （ORa = 3.43; Pa = 0.05）, meat consumption （ORa = 3.34; Pa = 0.03）, exposure to pesticides （ORa = 20.44; Pa = 0.012） and lack of periodic medical supervision （OR = 7.45; P = 0.004）. Conclusion： The occupational risk factors might play a role in the etiopathogenesis of colorectal cancers. With regard to our study, pesticides seem to be most implicated and necessitate suitable preventive measures. Nevertheless, it seems useful to multiply the studies to a much l

关键词： Colorectal cancer occupational risk factors extraprofessional factors epidemiology.

Epidemiology of Occupational Asthma in Tunisia: Results of a First National Study

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2016年第2期4卷 27-36页

作者： Maoua Maher El Maalel Olfa Boughattas Wided Chatti Souhail Gharbi Ezzeddine Kammoun Houda Kalboussi Houda Mlaouah Jabrane Abbassi Ammar Brahem Aicha Loukil Mouna Haj Salah Habib Ben Khdimallah Khaled Masmoudi Tasnim Benzarti Mohamed debbabi faten Mrizak Néjib Occupational Medicine and Professional Pathologies Department Faculty of Medicine of Sousse Sousse Tunisia University of Sousse Sousse Tunisia CNAM Regional Centers of Sousse Tunis and Sfax Tunisia English Department Faculty of Medicine of Sousse Sousse Tunisia Forensic Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine of Sousse Sousse Tunisia Department of Pneumology and Allergology Farhat Hached Teaching Hospital Sousse Tunisia

Introduction: Apart from its increasingly important frequency, occupational asthma (OA) has become the most important cause of occupational respiratory disorders in developed countries. The number of etiological agents continues to grow following the constant introduction of new harmful substances in industry. Objectives: Determine the prevalence and incidence of OA in our country, the socio-occupational characteristics of asthmatics, and study the forensic and social impact of such pathology. Material and Methods: An exhaustive retrospective epidemiological study was conducted in Tunisia about charts of occupational asthma cases recognized by the competent commissions of the National Medical Care Fund (CNAM) during the period ranging from January 1st 2000 to December 31st 2008. Results: 361 occupational asthma cases, accounting for a prevalence of 7.17% of all occupational diseases, were recognized during the period of the study. Occupational asthma annual incidence was estimated to be 24.42 cases per 1000000 workers. Our study population was mainly women with a sex ratio of 0.86. More than a half (57.6%) of recognized OA cases were working in the textile industry sector. Concerning the asthmatics’ professional career, most of recognized OA cases (n = 225 i.e. 70.6% of cases) kept their jobs, whereas 58 patients did not. The professional career was linked to gender with a job loss that is 1.79 time more important in asthmatic women. Conclusion: The incidence of occupational asthma in Tunisia is comparable with that found in other Mediterranean countries. A rigorous and adequate prevention is necessary and allows reducing the importance of this occupational pathology and its serious consequences.

关键词： Epidemiology Occupational Asthma Pneumology Allergology Tunisia