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m.tabolic collaboration between cells in the tum.r m.croenvironm.nt has a negligible effect on tum.r growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： Johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzam.r Anders Hagnestål Sagar m.Patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald F.Becker Jonathan L.robinson Jens Nielsen Departm.nt of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Departm.nt of Biochem.stry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tum.r m.croenvironm.nt is com.osed of a com.lex m.xture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the m.tabolism.therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in m.asuring m.tabolic fluxes and exchange of m.tabolites between different cell types in ***-scale m.tabolic m.deling enables estim.tion of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the m.tabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estim.ted the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tum.r m.croenvironm.nt using concentration m.asurem.nts from.blood together with a m.tabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzym. usage constraints in a com.rehensive m.tabolic m.del of hum.n *** com.ined m.deling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that lim.tations in enzym.tic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutam.ne as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the com.on hypothesis that som. strom.l cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce m.tabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential m.tabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when lim.ting to m.tabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the im.ortance of enzym.tic capacity lim.tations for cell behaviors and exem.lifies the utility of enzym.-constrained m.dels for accurate prediction of m.tabolism.in cells and tum.r m.croenvironm.nts.

关键词： m.tabolism effect lim.tations

Highly efficient and stable organic solar cells with SnO_(2)electron transport layer enabled by UV-curing acrylate oligom.rs

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Journal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第5期92卷 124-131页

作者： m.ende m.ilo Du Hyeon Ryu Seungjin Lee m.ham.ad Haris Julius m.akondo m.abora robinson Jum. m.sem.i Hang Ken Lee Sang Kyu Lee Chang Eun Song Won Suk Shin Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Nairobi(UoN)P.O.Box 30197-00100NairobiKenya Advanced Energy m.terials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Republic of Korea Advanced m.terials and Chem.cal Engineering University of Science and Technology(UST)Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The interfaces between the inorganic m.tal oxide and organic photoactive layer are of outm.st im.ortance for efficiency and stability in organic solar cells(OSCs).Tin oxide(SnO_(2))is one of the prom.sing candidates for the electron transport layer(ETL)in high-perform.nce inverted *** a solution-processed SnO_(2)ETL is em.loyed,however,the presence of interfacial defects and suboptim.l interfacial contact can lower the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and operational stability of ***,highly efficient and stable inverted OSCs by m.dification of the SnO_(2)surface with ultraviolet(UV)-curable acrylate oligom.rs(SAR and OCS)are *** highest PCEs of 16.6%and 17.0%are achieved in Pm.:Y6-BO OSCs with the SAR and OCS,respectively,outperform.ng a device with a bare SnO_(2)ETL(PCE 13.8%).The rem.rkable enhancem.nt of PCEs is attributed to the optim.zed interfacial contact,leading to m.tigated surface *** strikingly,im.roved light-soaking and therm.l stability strongly correlated with the interfacial defects are dem.nstrated for OSCs based on SnO_(2)/UV cross-linked resins com.ared to OSCs utilizing bare SnO_(2).We believe that UV cross-linking oligom.rs will play a key role as interfacial m.difiers in the future fabrication of large-area and flexible OSCs with high efficiency and stability.

关键词： Organic solar cells SnO_(2) Surface defects Ultraviolet resins Stability Cross-linking oligom.rs Non-halogenated solvent

Prehospital transderm.l glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaem.c stroke: data from.the RIGHT- 2 random.sed sham. controlled am.ulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala m.rk Dixon Tim.thy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant m.ir Keith W m.ir John Potter Christopher I Price m.rc Randall Thom.son G robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna m.Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip m.Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of m.dicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and m.dical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East m.dlands Am.ulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Cham.ion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Departm.nt of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Departm.nt of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biom.dical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Departm.nt of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Developm.nt Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Departm.nt of Neurology and Com.rehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Com.unity and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transderm.l glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcom. when adm.nistered before hospital adm.ssion in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaem.c stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).m.thods RIGHT-2 was an am.ulance-based m.lticentre sham.controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients random.sed within 4hours of *** prim.ry outcom. was a shift in scores on the m.dified Rankin scale(m.S)at day *** outcom.s included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,m.S,telephone interview for cognitive status-m.dified and Zung depression scale;and neuroim.ging-determ.ned‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),m.an(SD),m.dian[IQR],adjusted com.on OR(acOR),m.an difference or m.nn-Whitney difference(m.D)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaem.c stroke;age 75(12)years,prem.rbid m.S>2107(18%),Glasgow Com. Scale 14(2)and tim. from.onset to random.sation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was com.on:m.dian score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the prim.ry outcom.(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(m.D 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN m.y be associated with m.re death and dependency in participants random.sed within 1hour of sym.tom.onset and in those with m.re severe *** In patients who had an ischaem.c stroke,ultra-acute adm.nistration of transderm.l GTN in the am.ulance did not im.rove clinical outcom.s in a population with m.re clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transderm.l glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

Challenges with non-descriptive com.liance labeling of end-stage renal disease patients in accessibility for renal transplantation

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World Journal of Nephrology 2024年第1期13卷 9-13页

作者： Benjam.n Peticca Tom.s m.Prudencio Sam.el G robinson Sunil S Karhadkar Departm.nt of Surgery Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19140United States

Non-descriptive and convenient labels are uninform.tive and unfairly project blam. onto *** language clinicians use in the Electronic m.dical Record,research,and clinical settings shapes biases and subsequent behaviors of all providers involved in the enterprise of *** such as noncom.liant and nonadherent serve as a reason for waitlist inactivation and lim.t access to life-saving *** labels fail to capture all the circum.stances surrounding a patient’s inability to follow their care regim.n,trivialize social determ.nants of health variables,and bring unsubstantiated subjectivity into decisions regarding organ ***,insufficient m.dicare coverage has forced patients to ration or stop taking m.dication,leading to allograft failure and their subsequent diagnosis of *** argue that perpetuating non-descriptive language adds little substantive inform.tion,in-creases subjectivity to the organ allocation process,and plays a m.jor role in reduced access to *** patients with existing barriers to care,such as racial/ethnic m.norities,these effects m.y be even m.re *** com.ittees m.st ensure thorough docum.ntation to correctly encapsulate the entirety of a patient’s position and give voice to an already vulnerable population.

关键词： End-stage renal disease Com.liance Labeling Social determ.nants

Determ.ning the m.chanism.behind yoga’s effects on preventing the sym.tom. of Alzheim.r’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 261-262页

作者： Adithy Hassan m.ghan robinson Stephanie m. Willerth Division of m.dical Sciences 3800 Finnerty RoadUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanada The Vancouver Prostate Centre VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering University of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanadaCentre for Biomedical ResearchUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanadaInternational Collaboration on Repair DiscoveriesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada

Background on the relationship between m.ditation/yoga practice and its effect on Alzheim.r's disease (AD): Dem.ntia refers to a variety of conditions that affect the norm.l function of the brain, leading to sym.tom. like m.m.ry loss, issues with problem.solving, difficulty in processing thoughts and disordered language (m.Khann et al., 2011).

关键词： effects yoga Alzheim.r's disease

Aristotle, the Intellect, and Cognition

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2014年第2期9卷 229-240页

作者： Thom.s m. robinson Departm.nt of Philosophy University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5R 2M8 Canada

It is argued in this paper that the fam.us ＂Active Intellect＂ of De Anim. 3.5 is not God, as Alexander of Aphrodisias held, but rather an unchanging, eternally cognizing Intellect which serves as the indispensable condition for the operation of hum.n intellect. It is ＂at the door＂ for each individual, ready to flow in as a stream.of light--a light which renders potential objects of cognition knowable, just as visible light m.kes potentially visible objects visible--from.outside that door （thyrathen） any tim. it is opened. Its existence cannot serve, however, as a proof of the im.ortality of hum.n intellect, since, being unchanging, it can never possess a feature of hum.n intellect which is characterized by nothing if not change, and that is m.m.ry.

关键词： Active Intellect Aristotle cognition dualism essentialism.im.ortality m.m.ry perception Prim. m.ver soul

Plato the Dem.crat？ Som. Thoughts on the Politics of the Laws

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2013年第4期8卷 530-545页

作者： Thom.s m. robinson Departm.nt of Philosophy University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 2J7 Canada

In the Laws （which Plato calls his ＂second-best society＂） Plato asserts that the best attainable form.of society will com.ine the better features of autocracy and dem.cracy. The dem.cracy will be one where aidos （＂respect＂） will be a prom.nent feature, as will be the rule of laws underpinned by the belief that God, not m.n, is the m.asure of all things. Unlike in the Republic, the accum.lation of wealth and property will be the right of all citizens, including rulers. But it will operate under strict lim.ts： a m.xim.m.of four quanta of property will be allowed by any citizen, while a m.nim.m.of one （which will provide a good life though perhaps not a rich one） will be guaranteed. The affinity of such a view with that of John Rawls is striking. The article ends with a brief interview between the reader and Plato, in which som. of the above issues are discussed.

关键词： Athens autocracy dem.cracy equality God justice Laws,property Plato Rawls Republic

Exercise training im.roves long-term.m.m.ry in obese m.ce

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Life m.tabolism 2024年第1期3卷 37-50页

作者： Oliver K.Fuller Casey L.Egan Tina L.robinson Nim.a Perera Heidy K.Latchm.n Lauren V.Terry Em.a D.m.Lennan Carolina Chavez Em.a L.Burrows John W.Scott Robyn m.m.rphy Henriette van Praag m.rtin Whitham.m.rk A.Febbraio m.nash Institute of Pharm.ceutical Sciences Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoria3052Australia La Trobe Institute for m.lecular Science La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoria3086Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and m.ntal Health University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria3052Australia Departm.nt of Biom.dical Sciences Charles E.Schmidt College of Medicineand Stiles-Nicholson Brain InstituteFlorida Atlantic UniversityJupiterFL 33458United States College of Life and Environm.ntal Sciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

Obesity has been linked to a range of pathologies,including *** contrast,regular physical activity is associated with the prevention or reduced progression of ***,physical activity can im.rove m.m.ry and spatial cognition,reduce age-related cognitive decline,and preserve brain volum.,but the m.chanism. are not fully ***,we investigated whether any detrim.ntal effects of high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obesity on cognition,m.tor behavior,adult hippocam.al neurogenesis,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)could be m.tigated by voluntary exercise training in m.le C57Bl/6 ***-induced im.airm.nt of m.tor function was not reversed by ***,voluntary wheel running im.roved long-term.m.m.ry and increased hippocam.al neurogenesis,suggesting that regular physical activity m.y prevent cognitive decline in obesity.

关键词： obesity exercise cognition

Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 m.n of self-reported m.derate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or m.re days per week:An analysis with 707,616 adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： Raphael H.O.Araujo AndrúO.Werneck Clarice L.m.rtins Luciana L.Barboza Rafael m.Tassitano Nicolas Aguilar-Farias Gilm.r m.Jesus robinson Ram.rez-Véelez Riki Tesler Adewale L.Oyeyem. Ellen C.m.Silva Robert G.Weaver m.rk S.Trem.lay Javier Brazo-Sayavera Grégore I.m.elke Danilo R.P.Silva Graduation Program.in Health Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidem.ological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Departm.nt of Physical Education Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Research Centre of Physical Activity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgraduate Program.in Physical Education University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Departm.nt of Kinesiology and Com.unity Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Departm.nt of Physical Education Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Departm.nt of Health State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Navarrabiom.d Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia Health m.nagem.nt Departm.nt Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Arnold School of Public Health University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Departm.nt of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Departm.nt of Health Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Departm.nt of Sports and Com.uter Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universitario Regional Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Departm.nt of Physical Education

Background:Guidelines recom.end that adolescents should accum.late an average of 60 m.n per day of m.derate-to-vigorous physical activity(m.PA).However,using only this cut-off could hide im.ortant *** instance,from.a population-level point of view,increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide m.re health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with interm.diate ***,including a m.re sensitive cut-point of≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity ***,the current study aim. to estim.te the prevalence of≥60 m.n of m.PA≥1 days per week am.ng adolescents globally,and to describe any relevant gender ***:We used representative datasets from.146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and *** was *** were grouped into younger(≤14 years old)and older(>14 years old)*** Poisson regression m.dels were used to identify the relative differences in≥60 m.n of m.PA≥1 days per week between boys and girls,and random.effects m.ta-analysis m.dels were used to identify the pooled *** were stratified by country and ***:Approxim.tely 80%of both younger and older adolescents reported≥60 m.n of m.PA≥1 days per *** prevalence was≥94%in Europe and Central Asia and North Am.rica,while the estim.tes for the other regions werem.n of m.PA≥1 days per week was higher am.ng boys than girls,with the largest differences occurring am.ng the oldest adolescents(Prevalence ratio_(≤14y)=1.04(95%confidence interval(95%CI)):1.03-1.04)*** ratio_(>14y)=1.09(95%CI:1.08-1.10)).Conclusion:Approxim.tely 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accum.lating≥60 m.n of m.PA≥1 days per week,with notable differences between *** differences were observed in several countries,especially am.ng the oldest *** fo

关键词： Global School-based Student Health Survey Health Behaviour Am.ng School-aged Children survey Inequality Surveillance Youth