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Hemopneumothorax detection through the process of artificial evolution-a feasibility study

Military Medical Research 2022年第1期9卷 12-20页

作者： Adir Sommer Noy MarkGavriel D.Kohlberg Rafi Gerasi Linn Wagnert Avraham Ruth Fan-Marko Arik Eisenkraft dean nachman The Medical Corps Israel Defense Forces(IDF)Tel Hashomer5262000 Ramat GanIsrael Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA The Institute for Research in Military Medicine the Faculty of Medicinethe Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the IDF Medical Corps9112102 JerusalemIsrael The Hebrew University School of Medicine 9112102 JerusalemIsrael Department of Medicine Hadassah Medical Center9112102 JerusalemIsrael.

Background:Tension pneumothorax is one of the leading causes of preventable death on the *** prehospital diagnosis relies on a subjective clinical impression complemented by a manual thoracic and respiratory *** techniques are not fully applicable in field conditions and on the battlefield,where situational and environmental factors may impair clinical *** aimed to assemble a device able to sample,analyze,and classify the unique acoustic signatures of pneumothorax and ***:Acoustic data was obtained with simultaneous use of two sensitive digital stethoscopes from the chest wall of an ex-vivo porcine *** second samples of acoustic data were obtained from the in-house assembled digital stethoscope system during mechanical *** thoracic cavity was injected with increasing volumes of 200,400,600,800,and 1000 ml of air or saline to simulate pneumothorax and hemothorax,*** data was analyzed using a multi-objective genetic algorithm that was used to develop an optimal mathematical detector through the process of artificial evolution,a cutting-edge approach in the artificial intelligence ***:The in-house assembled dual digital stethoscope system and developed genetic algorithm achieved an accuracy,sensitivity and specificity ranging from 64%to 100%,63%to 100%,and 63%to 100%,respectively,in classifying acoustic signal as associated with pneumothorax or hemothorax at fluid injection levels of 400 ml or more,and regardless of background ***:We present a novel,objective device for rapid diagnosis of potentially lethal thoracic *** further optimization,such a device could provide real-time detection and monitoring of pneumothorax and hemothorax in battlefield conditions.

关键词： Pneumothorax Hemothorax Trauma Battlefield Artificial evolution Machine learning

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Investigation of mechanical and electrical characteristics of selfsensing pneumatic torsional actuators

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 130-142页

作者： XIAO Wei HU dean HU GuoLiang XIAO YiHua Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment Ministry of EducationEast China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Simulation Techniques for Special Equipment Ministry of EducationHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Soft pneumatic actuators are one of the most promising actuation for soft robots,and great achievements have been *** it remains challenging to endow sensing capabilities to pneumatic actuators,especially for the sensing ability originating directly from the actuator ***,a self-sensing pneumatic torsional actuator(SPTA)is designed based on the electromagnetic induction effect and magnetically responsive *** SPTA can generate feedback voltage and current with the deformation,in which the sensing function comes from its inherent *** investigate the mechanical and electrical characteristics,an experimental platform and a finite element model are established,*** find that the torsion angle and output torque increase in nonlinear with the actuating *** maximum torsion angle is 66.35°,which is 84.34%of that for the actuator fabricated by pure *** maximum output torque(24.9 N mm)improves by 23.19%compared with the actuator made by pure *** regards the electrical characteristics,the maximum feedback voltage and current are 2.90μV and 29.50 nA when the SPTA is actuated by a pressure of−40 *** also demonstrate that the relationship between the torsion angle and the magnetic flux change is approximately ***,the number of turns of wires,magnetic powders contents,and magnetic direction on the feedback voltage and current are *** show that the feedback voltage and current can be enhanced by increasing the number of turns and magnetic powders *** envision that the SPTA would be promising for soft robots to realize their accuracy control and intelligentization.

关键词： pneumatic torsional actuators self-sensing feedback voltage finite element modeling soft robots

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Micropillar compression using discrete dislocation dynamics and machine learning

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2024年第1期14卷 39-47页

作者： Jin Tao dean Wei Junshi Yu Qianhua Kan Guozheng Kang Xu Zhang School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Discrete dislocation dynamics(DDD)simulations reveal the evolution of dislocation structures and the interaction of *** study investigated the compression behavior of single-crystal copper micropillars using fewshot machine learning with data provided by DDD *** types of features are considered:external features comprising specimen size and loading orientation and internal features involving dislocation source length,Schmid factor,the orientation of the most easily activated dislocations and their distance from the free *** yielding stress and stress-strain curves of single-crystal copper micropillar are predicted well by incorporating both external and internal features of the sample as separate or combined *** is found that the machine learning accuracy predictions for single-crystal micropillar compression can be improved by incorporating easily activated dislocation features with external ***,the effect of easily activated dislocation on yielding is less important compared to the effects of specimen size and Schmid factor which includes information of orientation but becomes more evident in small-sized ***,incorporating internal features,especially the information of most easily activated dislocations,improves predictive capabilities across diverse sample sizes and orientations.

关键词： Discrete dislocation dynamics simulations Machine learning Size effects Orientation effects Microstructural features

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Screening COVID-19 from chest X-ray images by an optical diffractive neural network with the optimized F number

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1410-1426页

作者： JIALONG WANG SHOUYU CHAI WENTING GU BOYI LI XUE JIANG YUNXIANG ZHANG HONGEN LIAO XIN LIU dean TA Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Center for Biomedical Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Chemistry Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Biomedical Engineering School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to significantly impact people's lives worldwide, emphasizing the critical need for effective detection methods. Many existing deep learning-based approaches for COVID-19 detection offer high accuracy but demand substantial computing resources, time, and energy. In this study, we introduce an optical diffractive neural network(ODNN-COVID), which is characterized by low power consumption, efficient parallelization, and fast computing speed for COVID-19 detection. In addition, we explore how the physical parameters of ODNN-COVID affect its diagnostic performance. We identify the F number as a key parameter for evaluating the overall detection capabilities. Through an assessment of the connectivity of the diffractive network, we established an optimized range of F number, offering guidance for constructing optical diffractive neural networks. In the numerical simulations, a three-layer system achieves an impressive overall accuracy of 92.64% and 88.89% in binary-and threeclassification diagnostic tasks. For a single-layer system, the simulation accuracy of 84.17% and the experimental accuracy of 80.83% can be obtained with the same configuration for the binary-classification task, and the simulation accuracy is 80.19% and the experimental accuracy is 74.44% for the three-classification task. Both simulations and experiments validate that the proposed optical diffractive neural network serves as a passive optical processor for effective COVID-19 diagnosis, featuring low power consumption, high parallelization, and fast computing capabilities. Furthermore, ODNN-COVID exhibits versatility, making it adaptable to various image analysis and object classification tasks related to medical fields owing to its general architecture.

关键词： neural network offering

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Supplementation of vitamin E or a botanical extract as antioxidants to improve growth performance and health of growing pigs housed under thermoneutral or heat-stressed conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1101-1118页

作者： Ysenia V.Silva‑Guillen Consuelo Arellano Jeffrey Wiegert R.dean Boyd Gabriela E.Martinez Eric van Heugten Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Statistics North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Animal Nutrition Research LLCAlvatonKY 42122USA.

Background Heat stress has severe negative consequences on performance and health of pigs,leading to significant economic *** objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplemental vitamin E and a botanical extract in feed or drinking water on growth performance,intestinal health,and oxidative and immune status in grow-ing pigs housed under heat stress *** Duplicate experiments were conducted,each using 64 crossbred pigs with an initial body weight of 50.7±3.8 and 43.9±3.6 kg and age of 13-week and 12-week,***(n=128)were housed individually and assigned within weight blocks and sex to a 2×4 factorial arrangement consisting of 2 environments(thermo-neutral(21.2℃)or heat-stressed(30.9℃))and 4 supplementation treatments(control diet;control+100 IU/L of D-α-tocopherol in water;control+200 IU/kg of DL-α-tocopheryl-acetate in feed;or control+400 mg/kg of a botanical extract in feed).Results Heat stress for 28 d reduced(P≤0.001)final body weight,average daily gain,and average daily feed intake(-7.4 kg,-26.7%,and-25.4%,respectively)but no effects of supplementation were detected(P>0.05).Serum vitamin E increased(P<0.001)with vitamin E supplementation in water and in feed(1.64 vs.3.59 and 1.64 vs.3.24),but not for the botanical extract(1.64 vs.1.67 mg/kg)and was greater when supplemented in water ***(P=0.002).Liver vitamin E increased(P<0.001)with vitamin E supplementations in water(3.9 vs.31.8)and feed(3.9 vs.18.0),but not with the botanical extract(3.9 vs.4.9 mg/kg).Serum malondialdehyde was reduced with heat stress on d 2,but increased on d 28(interaction,P<0.001),and was greater(P<0.05)for antioxidant supplementation compared to *** proliferation was reduced(P=0.037)in the jejunum under heat stress,but increased in the ileum when vitamin E was supplemented in feed and water under heat stress(interaction,P=0.04).Tumor necrosis factor-αin jejunum and ileum mucosa decreased by heat stress(P<0.05)and was re

关键词： Botanical extract Growing pigs Heat stress Immune status Oxidative status Tocopherol Water

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Experimental realization of fractal fretwork metasurface for sound anomalous modulation

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 473-478页

作者：何佳杰于书萌江雪他得安 Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Natural creatures and ancient cultures are full of potential sources to provide inspiration for applied *** by the fractal geometry in nature and the fretwork frame in ancient culture,here we design the acoustic metasurface to realize sound anomalous modulation,which manifests itself as an incident-dependent propagation behavior:sound wave propagating in the forward direction is allowed to transmit with high efficiency while in the backward direction is obviously *** quantitatively investigate the dependences of asymmetric transmission on the propagation direction,incident angle and operating frequency by calculating sound transmittance and energy *** compact fractal fretwork metasurface for acoustic anomalous modulation would promote the development of integrated acoustic devices and expand versatile applications in acoustic communication and information encryption.

关键词： acoustic metasurface fractal geometry sound anomalous modulation

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The Protocol of Ultrasonic Backscatter Measurements of Musculoskeletal Properties

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Phenomics 2024年第1期4卷 72-80页

作者： Dongsheng Bi Lingwei Shi Boyi Li Ying Li Chengcheng Liu Lawrence HLe Jingchun Luo Sijia Wang dean Ta Center for Biomedical Engineering School of InformationScience and TechnologyFudan University2005 SonghuRoadYangpu DistrictShanghai 200438China Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G2B7Canada Human Phenome Institute Fudan UniversityShanghai 201203China Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Chinese Academyof SciencesShanghai 200031China

This study aims to introduce the protocol for ultrasonic backscatter measurements of musculoskeletal properties based on a novel ultrasonic backscatter bone diagnostic(UBBD)***-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)can be adopted to measure bone mineral density(BMD)in the hip,spine,legs and the whole *** muscle and fat mass in the legs and the whole body can be also calculated by DXA body composition *** on the proposed protocol for backscatter measurements by UBBD,ultrasonic backscatter signals can be measured in vivo,deriving three backscatter parameters[apparent integral backscatter(AIB),backscatter signal peak amplitude(BSPA)and the corresponding arrival time(BSPT)].AIB may provide important diagnostic information about bone *** and BSPT may be important indicators of muscle and fat *** standardized backscatter measurement protocol of the UBBD instrument may have the potential to evaluate musculoskeletal characteristics,providing help for promoting the application of the backscatter technique in the clinical diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs),such as osteoporosis and muscular atrophy.

关键词： Ultrasonic backscatter Musculoskeletal disorders Bone mineral density Muscle mass Fat mass

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等离子气化技术处置固体废物的研究进展

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化工环保 2024年第3期44卷 338-344页

作者：刁圳强朱实权苏晓娅秦林波韩军 MAO dean 武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院湖北武汉430081 湖北省工业安全工程技术研究中心湖北武汉430081 上海羿诚环保科技有限公司上海201403 广东邦普循环科技有限公司广东佛山528137

等离子气化技术是固体废物处理的前沿技术之一,能够实现固体废物的全部资源化,符合循环经济的发展理念。本文介绍了等离子气化技术的概念及工艺,综述了国外等离子气化技术处理固体废物的工业化现状,重点介绍了我国等离子气化技术在基础... 详细信息

等离子气化技术是固体废物处理的前沿技术之一,能够实现固体废物的全部资源化,符合循环经济的发展理念。本文介绍了等离子气化技术的概念及工艺,综述了国外等离子气化技术处理固体废物的工业化现状,重点介绍了我国等离子气化技术在基础研究、中试和工业化应用方面的研究进展,分析了我国等离子气化技术工业化进程中面临的主要问题,并展望了其发展趋势,指出:等离子气化技术是一种完全符合循环经济理念的固体废物处理技术,随着研究的深入和相关法规标准的完善,必将迎来广阔的发展前景。

关键词：固体废物等离子气化合成气玻化渣

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如何找回我们的创造力

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中学生英语 2024年第2期 4-5页

作者： dean Rieck 景一(编译) 不详

研究表明,即使你并不比大多数人更聪明,在写作时你仍然有潜力运用惊人的创造力。但是,为什么少有人具有高度的创造力呢?因为人们长大后会养成一些坏习惯,它们阻碍了大脑中的创造性思维。而只要你愿意努力,它们是可以改掉的。

关键词：创造性思维创造力坏习惯养成

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The outcomes and safety of patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography combining a single-use cholangioscope and a single-use duodenoscope:A multicenter retrospective international study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 71-76页

作者： Alessandro Fugazza Matteo Colombo Michel Kahaleh V.Raman Muthusamy Bick Benjamin Wim Laleman Carmelo Barbera Carlo Fabbri Jose Nieto Abed Al-Lehibi Mohan Ramchandani Amy Tyberg Haroon Shahid Avik Sarkar dean Ehrlich Stuart Shermand Cecilia Binda Marco Spadaccini Andrea Iannone Kareem Khalaf Nageshwar Reddy Andrea Anderloni Alessandro Repici Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSVia Manzoni 5620089RozzanoMilanoItaly Gastroenterology Rutgers Robert Wood JohnsonNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases University of CaliforniaLos Angeles School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Division of Digestive and Liver Disorders Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospitals LeuvenKU Leuven3000 LeuvenBelgium U.O.C.di Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva Ospedale Giuseppe MazziniASL TeramoItaly Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit Forlì-Cesena HospitalsAUSL RomagnaForlì-CesenaItaly Borland Groover Clinic JacksonvilleFloridaUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology King Fahad Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Asian Institute of Gastroenterology HyderabadIndia Section of Gastroenterology Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of BariBari 70124Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityVia Rita Levi Montalcini 420090Pieve EmanueleMilanItaly

Background: Duodenoscope-related multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO) infections raise concerns. Disposable duodenoscopes have been recently introduced in the market and approved by regulatory agencies with the aim to reduce the risk of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) associated infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of procedures performed with single-use duodenoscopes in patients with clinical indications to single-operator cholangiopancreatoscopy. Methods: This is a multicenter international, retrospective study combining all patients who underwent complex biliopancreatic interventions using the combination of a single-use duodenoscope and a single-use cholangioscope. The primary outcome was technical success defined as ERCP completion for the intended clinical indication. Secondary outcomes were procedural duration, rate of cross-over to reusable duodenoscope, operator-reported satisfaction score(1 to 10) on performance rating of the single-use duodenoscope, and adverse event(AE) rate. Results: A total of 66 patients(26, 39.4% female) were included in the study. ERCP was categorized according to ASGE ERCP grading system as 47(71.2%) grade 3 and 19(28.8%) grade 4. The technical success rate was 98.5%(65/66). Procedural duration was 64(interquartile range 15-189) min, cross-over rate to reusable duodenoscope was 1/66(1.5%). The satisfaction score of the single-use duodenoscope classified by the operators was 8.6 ± 1.3 points. Four patients(6.1%) experienced AEs not directly related to the single-use duodenoscope, namely 2 post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP), 1 cholangitis and 1 ***: Single-use duodenoscope is effective, reliable and safe even in technically challenging procedures with a non-inferiority to reusable duodenoscope, making these devices a viable alternative to standard reusable equipment.

关键词： Single-operator cholangioscopy Single-use duodenoscope Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Indeterminate biliary stricture Difficult biliary stones

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