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Cardiovascular Risk Factors in China

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第2期21卷 153-199页

The Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China(2022) intricate landscape of cardiovascular health in China. This section dissects cardiovascular risk factors in China which including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome and air pollution. Hypertension prevalence has steadily increased in China,with efforts to control it facing challenges in achieving optimal rates, especially in rural areas. Interventions like salt substitutes and intensive blood pressure control show promise but need improvement. Abnormal lipid levels, indicative of dyslipidemia,have risen significantly, posing a risk for cardiovascular diseases. despite efforts, many patients struggle to achieve target lipid levels, necessitating improved treatment strategies. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus affect millions of adults in China,with long-term complications adding to the disease burden. Early intervention and effective management are crucial to mitigate its impact. Prevalent among older adults, chronic kidney disease is associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases, necessitating comprehensive management approaches. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, characterized by a cluster of risk factors, has increased in both adults and adolescents, calling for lifestyle modifications and public health interventions. Ambient and household air pollution remain significant environmental risk factors, despite some improvements in air quality. Continued efforts to reduce emissions are essential for mitigating associated health risks. Addressing these risk factors requires a multifaceted approach, including public health initiatives, policy interventions, and individual-level strategies to promote healthy lifestyles and reduce environmental exposures. Surveillance and research efforts are crucial for monitoring trends and developing effective strategies to lessen the burden of cardiovascular diseases in

关键词： landscape adding spite

Community-based prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第3期21卷 315-322页

作者： sheng-Shou hu The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China Fuwai Hospital National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

The Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China(2022)intricate landscape of cardiovascular health in *** is the third section of the report with a specific focus on community-based prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases(CVD).This section of the report underscores the importance of initiatives outlined in the"Healthy China 2030 Plan,"emphasizing the comprehensive prevention and control strategy for chronic diseases.A key aspect of this plan involves the establishment of national demonstration areas aimed at comprehensive prevention and control of chronic *** 2020,488 such areas had been set up across China,surpassing the initial target and covering a significant proportion of counties and *** report highlights the successful implementation of these strategies in Lishan district,Anshan city,where demonstration areas for comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases were launched in *** the course of seven years,the number of healthy units increased substantially,leading to improvements in managing risk factors for CVD among *** reductions in prevalence rates of overweight,obesity,smoking,passive smoking,and drinking were observed,along with the development of healthier behaviors among ***,Qiaokou district in Wuhan City,designated as a national demonstration area in 2014,implemented comprehensive public health promotion ***,special clinics for hypertension intervention were established,contributing to an increase in self-reported rates of hypertension,a slight decrease in prevalence,and a remarkable improvement in the control rate among treated ***,these efforts underscore the effectiveness of community-based approaches in driving positive health outcomes and advancing the comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases,particularly cardiovascular diseases,in China.

关键词： prevention district treatment

A maximum power point tracker for photovoltaic energy systems based on fuzzy neural networks

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第2期10卷 263-270页

作者： Chun-hua LI Xin-jian Zhu Guang-yi CAO Wan-qi hu sheng SUI Ming-ruo hu Fuel Cell Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240. China Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

To extract the maximum power from a photovoltaic （PV） energy system, the real-time maximum power point （MPP） of the PV array must be tracked closely. The non-linear and time-variant characteristics of the PV array and the non-linear and non-minimum phase characteristics of a boost converter make it difficult to track the MPP for traditional control strategies. We propose a fuzzy neural network controller （FNNC）, which combines the reasoning capability of fuzzy logical systems and the learning capability of neural networks, to track the MPP. With a derived learning algorithm, the parameters of the FNNC are updated adaptively. A gradient estimator based on a radial basis function neural network is developed to provide the reference information to the FNNC. Simulation results show that the proposed control algorithm provides much better tracking performance compared with the filzzy logic control algorithm.

关键词： Photovoltaic array Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) Fuzzy neural network controller (FNNC) Radial basis function neural network (RBFNN)

A method for numerical calculation of propeller hydrodynamics in unsteady inflow

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2007年第2期6卷 6-11页

作者： huANG sheng WANG Pei-sheng hu Jian College of Shipbuilding Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China

The hydrodynamic performance of a propeller in unsteady inflow was calculated using the surface panel method. The surfaces of blades and hub were discreted by a number of hyperboloidal quadrilateral panels with constant source and doublet distribution. Each panel＇s comer coordinates were calculated by spline interpolation between the main parameter and the blade geometry of the propeller. The integral equation was derived using the Green Formula. The influence coefficient of the matrix was calculated by the Morino analytic formula. The tangential velocity distribution was calculated with the Yanagizawa method, and the pressure coefficient was calculated using the Bonuli equation. The pressure Kutta condition was satisfied at the trailing edge of the propeller blade using the Newton-Raphson iterative procedure, so as to make the pressure coefficients of the suction and pressure faces of the blade equal at the trailing edge. Calculated results for the propeller in steady inflow were taken as initialization values for the unsteady inflow calculation process. Calculations were carried out from the moment the propeller achieved steady rotation. At each time interval, a linear algebraic equation combined with Kutta condition was established on a key blade and solved numerically. Comparison between calculated results and experimental results indicates that this method is correct and effective.

关键词： unsteady hydrodynamics propeller surface panel method

Simulation study of device physics and design of GeOI TFET with PNN structure and buried layer for high performance

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第10期29卷 473-478页

作者： Bin Wang sheng hu Yue Feng Peng Li hui-Yong hu Bin Shu State Key Discipline Laboratory o f Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School o f MicroelectronicsXidian UniversityXi'an 710071China Xi'an Microelectronic Technology Institute Xi'an 710054China

Large threshold voltage and small on-state current are the main limitations of the normal tunneling field effect transistor (TFET). In this paper, a novel TFET with gate-controlled P+N+N+ structure based on partially depleted GeOI (PD-GeOI) substrate is proposed. With the buried P+-doped layer (BP layer) introduced under P+N+N+ structure, the proposed device behaves as a two-tunneling line device and can be shut off by the BP junction, resulting in a high on-state current and low threshold voltage. Simulation results show that the on-state current density Ion of the proposed TFET can be as large as 3.4 × 10^−4 A/μm, and the average subthreshold swing (SS) is 55 mV/decade. Moreover, both of Ion and SS can be optimized by lengthening channel and buried P+ layer. The off-state current density of TTP TFET is 4.4 × 10^−10 A/μm, and the threshold voltage is 0.13 V, showing better performance than normal germanium-based TFET. Furthermore, the physics and device design of this novel structure are explored in detail.

关键词： Ge-based TFET two line tunneling paths point tunneling on-state current density

Soil Aggregate Stability and Aggregate-Associated Carbon Under Different Tillage Systems in the North China Plain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第11期12卷 2114-2123页

作者： DU Zhang-liu REN Tu-sheng hu Chun-sheng ZHANG Qing-zhong humberto Blanco-Canqui Institute of Environment and Sustainable development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Development BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Agricultural Research Center-Hays Kansas State University

The inlfuences of tillage systems on soil carbon （C） stocks have been studied extensively, but the distribution of soil C within aggregate fractions is not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine the inlfuences of various tillage systems on soil aggregation and aggregate-associated C under wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） and corn （Zea mays L.） double cropping systems in the North China Plain. The experiment was established in 2001, including four treatments：moldboard plow （MP） with residue （MP＋R） and without residue （MP-R）, rotary tillage with residue （RT）, and no-till with residue （NT）. In 2007 soil samples were collected from the 0-5, 5-10, and 10-20 cm depths, and were separated into four aggregate-size classes （〉2 000, 250-2 000, 53-250, and〈53 μm） by wet-sieving method. Aggregate-associated C was determined, and the relationships between total soil C concentration and aggregation-size fractions were examined. The results showed that NT and RT treatments signiifcantly increased the proportion of macroaggregate fractions （〉2 000 and 250-2 000 μm） compared with the MP-R and MP＋R treatments. Averaged across all depths, mean weight diameters of aggregates （MWD） in NT and RT were 47 and 20% higher than that in MP＋R. The concentration of bulk soil organic C was positively correlated with MWD （r=0.98; P=0.024） and macroaggregate fraction （r=0.96; P=0.036） in the 0-5 cm depth. In the 0-20 cm depth, comparing with MP＋R, total C occluded in the〉2 000 μm fraction was increased by 9 and 6%under NT and RT, respectively. We conclude that adoption of conservation tillage system, especially no-till, can increase soil macro-aggregation and total C accumulation in macroaggregates, which may improve soil C sequestration in the intensive agricultural region of the North China Plain.

关键词： tillage systems aggregate stability aggregate-associated C

Land-based mobile mapping system with its applications for the Olympic Games

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第13期54卷 2286-2293页

作者： LI deRen hu QingWu GUO sheng CHEN ZhiYong State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China Leador Co. Ltd Wuhan 430074 China

There is a trend for rapid spatial data capture supported by integration of multiple platforms and multiple *** paper presents the principles and technologies of land-based mobile mapping systems based on an integration of remote sensing,GPS and GIS *** innovations and advantages of the integrated system are *** analytic model and error model of a mobile mapping system are proposed and the application interface of digital measurable images is also discussed.A Truemap Engine? with Plug-in and API is designed to manage a huge volume of stereo image series from a land-based mobile mapping system so that other geographic information systems(GIS) engines can freely use the sequence of stereo *** applications of digital measurable images(DMI) as well as mobile mapping systems in the Olympic Games in Beijing,2008 are presented.

关键词：应用程序接口北京奥运会测绘系统移动地理信息系统技术陆基制图系统空间数据采集

Synthesis,Structure and Luminescence of a Novel 2D Cadmium Coordination Polymer with a Ligand Generated in situ

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2007年第3期26卷 333-337页

作者： huANG Xi-He sheng Tian-Lu XIANG sheng-Chang FU Rui-Biao hu sheng-Min LI Ya-Min WU Xin-Tao State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on theStructure of Matter The Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China

The hydrothermal reaction of 1,2-dicyanobenzene with NaN3 in the presence of Cd（NO3）2 affords a novel 2D cadmium tetrazolyl-benzoate, {Cd（tzbz）（H2O）}n （H2tzbz is 2-（5-tetrazolyl）-benzoate）. The tzbz ligand is generated in situ through the [2＋3] Sharpless cycloaddition reaction and hydrolyzation. Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. The crystal crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pbca with a = 9.6659（19）, b = 7.6366（15）, c = 25.964（5）A, V= 1916.5（7）A^3, Z= 8, Mr = 318.57, Dc = 2.208 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1232 and p = 2.276 mm^-1. The Cd（Ⅱ） atom is coordinated by four tzbz ligands and one water molecule to form a severely distorted pentangle bipyramid. While each tzbz ligand connects to four Cd（Ⅱ） atoms in a μ4-η1, η, η1, η1, η1 coordination mode to construct a 2D architecture of the title complex. Additionally, the title complex exhibits strong fluorescence at room temperature in the solid state.

关键词： hydrothermal synthesis in situ crystal structure cadmium

Comparative analysis of rapamycin biosynthesis clusters between Actinoplanes sp. N902-109 and Streptomyces hygroscopicus ATCC29253

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2015年第2期13卷 90-98页

作者： huANG He REN Shuang-Xi YANG sheng hu Hai-Feng Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

The present study was designed to identify the difference between two rapamycin biosynthetic gene clusters from Streptomyces hygroscopicus ATCC29253 and Actinoplanes sp. N902-109 by comparing the sequence and organization of the gene clusters. The biosynthetic gene cluster for rapamycin in Streptomyces hygroscopicus ATCC29253 was reported in 1995. The second rapamycin producer, Actinoplanes sp. N902-109, which was isolated in 1995, could produce more rapamycin than Streptomyces hygroscopicus ATCC29253. The genomic map of Actinoplanes sp. N902-109 has been elucidated in our laboratory. Two gene clusters were compared using the online software anti-SMASH, Glimmer 3.02 and Subsystem Technology(RAST). Comparative analysis revealed that the organization of the multifunctional polyketide synthases(PKS) genes: Rap A, RapB, RapC, and NRPS-like RapP were identical in the two clusters. The genes responsible for precursor synthesis and macrolactone modification flanked the PKS core region in N902-109, while the homologs of those genes located downstream of the PKS core region in ATCC29253. Besides, no homolog of the gene encoding a putative type II thioesterase that may serve as a PKS "editing" enzyme accounted for over-production of rapamycin in N902-109, was found in ATCC29253. Furthermore, no homologs of genes rapQ(encoding a methyltransferase) and rap G in N902-109 were found in ATCC29253, however, an extra rap M gene encoding methyltransferase was discovered in ATCC29253. Two rapamycin biosynthetic gene clusters displayed overall high homology as well as some differences in gene organization and functions.

关键词： Rapamycin Actinoplanes Biosynthetic gene cluster Comparative analysis