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Inhibiting SHP2 reduces glycolysis, promotes microglial M1 polarization, and alleviates secondary inflammation following spinal cord injury in a mouse model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 858-872页

作者： Xintian Ding Chun Chen Heng Zhao bin Dai Lei Ye Tao Song Shuai Huang Jia Wang Tao You department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina department of Orthopedics Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Reducing the secondary inflammatory response, which is partly mediated by microglia, is a key focus in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2), encoded by PTPN11, is widely expressed in the human body and plays a role in inflammation through various mechanisms. Therefore, SHP2 is considered a potential target for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. However, its role in secondary inflammation after spinal cord injury remains unclear. In this study, SHP2 was found to be abundantly expressed in microglia at the site of spinal cord injury. Inhibition of SHP2 expression using siRNA and SHP2 inhibitors attenuated the microglial inflammatory response in an in vitro lipopolysaccharide-induced model of inflammation. Notably, after treatment with SHP2 inhibitors, mice with spinal cord injury exhibited significantly improved hind limb locomotor function and reduced residual urine volume in the bladder. Subsequent in vitro experiments showed that, in microglia stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, inhibiting SHP2 expression promoted M2 polarization and inhibited M1 polarization. Finally, a co-culture experiment was conducted to assess the effect of microglia treated with SHP2 inhibitors on neuronal cells. The results demonstrated that inflammatory factors produced by microglia promoted neuronal apoptosis, while inhibiting SHP2 expression mitigated these effects. Collectively, our findings suggest that SHP2 enhances secondary inflammation and neuronal damage subsequent to spinal cord injury by modulating microglial phenotype. Therefore, inhibiting SHP2 alleviates the inflammatory response in mice with spinal cord injury and promotes functional recovery postinjury.

关键词： apoptosis glycolysis inflammatory response microglia neurons polarization spinal cord injury Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2

A promising approach for quantifying focal stroke modeling and assessing stroke progression:optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy photothrombosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2029-2037页

作者： Xiao Liang Xingping Quan Xiaorui Geng Yujing Huang Yonghua Zhao Lei Xi Zhen Yuan Ping Wang bin Liu Faculty of Health Sciences University of MacaoMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences University of MacaoMacao Special Administrative RegionChina department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao Special Administrative RegionChina department of Emergency Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

To investigate the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of ischemic stroke,some methods have been proposed that can simultaneously monitor and create embolisms in the animal cerebral ***,these methods often require complex systems and the effect of age on cerebral embolism has not been adequately studied,although ischemic stroke is strongly *** this study,we propose an optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy-based visualized photothrombosis methodology to create and monitor ischemic stroke in mice simultaneously using a 532 nm pulsed *** observed the molding process in mice of different ages and presented age-dependent vascular embolism ***,we integrated optical coherence tomography angiography to investigate age-associated trends in cerebrovascular variability following a *** imaging data and quantitative analyses underscore the differential cerebrovascular responses to stroke in mice of different ages,thereby highlighting the technique's potential for evaluating cerebrovascular health and unraveling age-related mechanisms involved in ischemic strokes.

关键词： age-dependent cerebral cortex ischemic stroke mouse model optical coherence tomography angiography photoacoustic microscopy photothrombosis vascular imaging

Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 regulates heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F expression and is a potential target for the treatment of neuropathic pain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2682-2696页

作者： Xiaoyu Zhang Yuqi Liu Fangxia Xu Chengcheng Zhou Kaimei Lu bin Fang Lijuan Wang Lina Huang Zifeng Xu department of Anesthesiology International Peace Maternity and Child Health HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina department of Anesthesiology Shanghai General HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases ShanghaiChina

Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 participates in a range of biological functions,particularly RNA processing,transcription,chromatin remodeling,and endosomal ***,it remains unclear whether protein arginine methyl transferase-6 modifies neuropathic pain and,if so,what the mechanisms of this *** this study,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression levels and its effect on neuropathic pain were investigated in the spared nerve injury model,chronic constriction injury model and bone cancer pain model,using immunohistochemistry,western blotting,immunoprecipitation,and label-free proteomic *** results showed that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 mostly co-localized withβ-tubulinⅢin the dorsal root ganglion,and that its expression decreased following spared nerve injury,chronic constriction injury and bone cancer *** addition,PRMT6 knockout(Prmt6~(-/-))mice exhibited pain ***,the development of spared nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity to mechanical pain was attenuated by blocking the decrease in protein arginine methyltransferase-6 ***,when protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression was downregulated in the dorsal root ganglion in mice without spared nerve injury,increased levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases were observed in the ipsilateral dorsal horn,and the response to mechanical stimuli was ***,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 appeared to contribute to spared nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain by regulating the expression of heterogeneous nuclear ***,protein arginine methyltransfe rase-6-mediated modulation of hete rogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F expression required amino atids 319 to 388,but not classical H3R2 *** findings indicated that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 is a potential therapeutic target fo r the treatment of peripheral neuro pathic pain.

关键词： dorsal root ganglion heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F neuropathic pain protein arginine methyltransferase-6 sensory neurons

Inhibiting ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia decreases neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2955-2968页

作者： Wei Zhang Yubao Lu Ruoqi Shen Yingjie Wu Chenrui Liu Xingxing Fang Liangming Zhang bin Liu Limin Rong department of Spine Surgery The Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Cell Products GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Microglia,the resident monocyte of the central nervous system,play a crucial role in the response to spinal cord ***,the precise mechanism remains *** investigate the molecular mechanisms by which microglia regulate the neuroinflammatory response to spinal cord injury,we performed single-cell RNA sequencing dataset analysis,focusing on changes in microglial *** found that the MG1 subpopulation emerged in the acute/subacute phase of spinal cord injury and expressed genes related to cell pyroptosis,sphingomyelin metabolism,and neuroinflammation at high ***,we established a mouse model of contusive injury and performed intrathecal injection of siRNA and molecular inhibitors to validate the role of ceramide synthase 5 in the neuroinflammatory responses and pyroptosis after spinal cord ***,we established a PC12-BV2 cell co-culture system and found that ceramide synthase 5 and pyroptosis-associated proteins were highly expressed to induce the apoptosis of neuron *** ceramide synthase 5 expression in a mouse model of spinal cord injury effectively reduced ***,ceramide synthase 5-induced pyroptosis was dependent on activation of the NLRP3 signaling *** ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia in vivo reduced neuronal apoptosis and promoted recovery of neurological ***2g7 formed a“bridge”between sphingolipid metabolism and ceramide synthase 5-mediated cell death by inhibiting the NLRP3 signaling ***,these findings suggest that inhibiting ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia after spinal cord injury effectively suppressed microglial pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.

关键词： ceramide synthase 5 gasdermin D microglia neuroinflammation NLRP3 nuclear factor kappa B Pla2g7 pyroptosis sphingomyelin metabolism spinal cord injury

Müller cells are activated in response to retinal outer nuclear layer degeneration in rats subjected to simulated weightlessness conditions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2116-2128页

作者： Yuxue Mu Ning Zhang Dongyu Wei Guoqing yang Lilingxuan Yao Xinyue Xu yang Li Junhui Xue Zuoming Zhang Tao Chen Aerospace Clinical Medical Center School of Aerospace MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina department of Aviation Medicine Xijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina department of Emergency Medicine Wuhan No.1 HospitalWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Third Regiment School of Basic MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Fourth Regiment School of Basic MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina

A microgravity environment has been shown to cause ocular damage and affect visual acuity,but the underlying mechanisms remain ***,we established an animal model of weightlessness via tail suspension to examine the pathological changes and molecular mechanisms of retinal damage under *** 4 weeks of tail suspension,there were no notable alterations in retinal function and morphology,while after 8 weeks of tail suspension,significant reductions in retinal function were observed,and the outer nuclear layer was thinner,with abundant apoptotic *** investigate the mechanism underlying the degenerative changes that occurred in the outer nuclear layer of the retina,proteomics was used to analyze differentially expressed proteins in rat retinas after 8 weeks of tail *** results showed that the expression levels of fibroblast growth factor 2(also known as basic fibroblast growth factor)and glial fibrillary acidic protein,which are closely related to Müller cell activation,were significantly *** addition,Müller cell regeneration and Müller cell gliosis were observed after 4 and 8 weeks,respectively,of simulated *** findings indicate that Müller cells play an important regulatory role in retinal outer nuclear layer degeneration during weightlessness.

关键词： glial fibrous acidic protein gliosis Müller cells nerve growth factor neural differentiation neurodegeneration proteomic retinal degeneration retinal outer nuclear layer simulated weightlessness

Advances in viral encephalitis:Viral transmission,host immunity,and experimental animal models

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Zoological Research 2023年第3期44卷 525-542页

作者： Dan yang Xiao-Jing Li de-Zhen Tu Xiu-Li Li bin Wei State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei 430071China School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China department of Cardiology Lanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansu 730030China School of Life Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Viral infections have led to many public health crises and pandemics in the last few *** virus infection-induced viral encephalitis(VE),especially the symptomatic inflammation of the meninges and brain parenchyma,has attracted growing attention due to its high mortality and disability *** the infectious routes of neurotropic viruses and the mechanism underlying the host immune response is critical to reduce viral spread and improve antiviral therapy *** this review,we summarize the common categories of neurotropic viruses,viral transmission routes in the body,host immune responses,and experimental animal models used for VE study to gain a deeper understanding of recent progress in the pathogenic and immunological mechanisms under neurotropic viral *** review should provide valuable resources and perspectives on how to cope with pandemic infections.

关键词： Neurotropic viruses Viral encephalitis Meningeal immunity Experimental animal models

Majorana-Kondo interplay in a Majorana wire-quantum dot system with ferromagnetic contacts

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第3期73卷 148-155页

作者： Fu-bin yang department of Physics&Key laboratory of Photonic and Optical detection in Civil Aviation Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan 618307China

We consider a single-level quantum dot(QD)and a topological superconducting wire hosting Majorana bound states at its *** the equation of motion method,we give the analytical Green’s function of the QD in the noninteracting and the infinite interacting *** study the effects of QD energy level and the spin polarization on the density of states(DOS)and linear conductance of the *** the noninteracting case,the DOS resonance shifts with the change of energy level and it shows bimodal structure at large spin polarization *** the infinite interacting case,the up-spin linear conductance first increases and then decreases with the increase of spin polarization strength,but the down-spin is ***,the DOS shows a splitting phenomenon in the large energy level with the increase of spin polarization *** provides an interesting way to explore the physical properties of such spin dependent effect in the hybrid Majorana QD systems.

关键词： Majorana system Kondo effect spin polarized

Synthesis of Axially Chiral Anilides Enabled by a Palladium/Ming-Phos-Catalyzed desymmetric Sonogashira Reaction

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2022年第3期40卷 317-322页

作者： bin yang Junfeng yang Junliang Zhang deportment of Chemistry Fudon University2005 Songhu RoadShanghai 200438China

Atropisomeric anilides are one of important C-N axially chiral *** with the A/-terminal functionalization to prepare such compounds,C-terminal functionalization strategies have been rarely *** describe herein an efficient synthesis of axially chiral anilides enabled by Pd-catalyzed desymmetric Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions with the use of a newly identified *** to high yields with high enantioselectivities(up to 98%ee)were obtained.

关键词： Atropisomerism Axially chiral anilides SadPhos desymmetrization Sonogashira cross-coupling Kinetic resolution

基于第一性原理研究CO在C_(21)Si上的吸附

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第5期42卷 22-26页

作者：张玲尹成斌杨蕾雷声马贝贝赵德永王远云南中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心昆明650231 西南林业大学机械与交通学院昆明650224

通过密度泛函理论(DFT)计算研究了单个CO分子分别在C_(21)Si上的吸附.由于结构中含有21个C原子以及引入一个Si原子,命名为(C_(21)Si).计算了体系中最稳定的几何结构、吸附能、吸附高度和态密度,研究了吸附的CO分子与基底之间的相互作用... 详细信息

通过密度泛函理论(DFT)计算研究了单个CO分子分别在C_(21)Si上的吸附.由于结构中含有21个C原子以及引入一个Si原子,命名为(C_(21)Si).计算了体系中最稳定的几何结构、吸附能、吸附高度和态密度,研究了吸附的CO分子与基底之间的相互作用.研究发现,当CO放置在C_(21)Si上吸附时,C原子靠近吸附优于O原子靠近时的吸附,吸附能分别为-0.86 eV和-0.36 eV,当O原子靠近吸时二者之间的吸附反应较弱,为物理吸附.C原子靠近时的吸附高度小,吸附反应更强,为化学吸附.根据态密度轨道之间的杂化程度,说明二者之间存在吸附反应,相较于O原子靠近吸附,基底对C原子靠近时的吸附能力更强,敏感度更高.

关键词： C_(21)Si 第一性原理 CO 吸附