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The interdependent networked community resilience modeling environment(IN-CORE)

Resilient Cities and Structures 2023年第2期2卷 57-66页

作者： John w.van de Lind Jamie Kruse Daniel T.Cox Paolo Gardoni Jong Sung Lee Jamie Padgett Therese P.McAllister Andre Barbosa Harvey Cutler Shannon Van Zandt Nathanael Rosenheim Christopher M.Navarro Elaina Sutley Sara Hamideh Harold H.Short Endowed Chair Professor and Co-Director Center of Excellence for Risk-Based Community Resilience PlanningDepartment of Civil and Environmental EngineeringColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA Co-Director Center of Excellence for Risk-Based Community Resilience Planning and THCAS Distinguished ProfessorDepartment of EconomicsEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC27858USA CH2M Hill Professor in Civil Engineering School of Civil and Construction EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA Alfredo H.Ang Family Professor and Excellence Faculty Scholar Department of Civil and Environmental Engineeringand DirectorMid-America Earthquake(MAE)CenterUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL61820USA deputy Associate Director National Center for Supercomputing ApplicationsUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL61820USA Professor and Chair Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Acting Chief Materials and Structural Systems DivisionNational Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD20899USA Professor Department of EconomicsColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA Professor School of ArchitectureLandscape Architecture&Urban PlanningTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA Research Associate Professor Landscape Architecture&Urban PlanningTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA Lead Research Software Engineer National Center for Supercomputing ApplicationsUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL61820USA Associate Professor and Associate dean for Diversity EquityInclusionand BelongingDepartment of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA Associate Professor State University of New York-Stony BrookSchool of Marine and Atmospheric SciencesStony BrookNew YorkUSA

In 2015,the U.S National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)funded the Center of Excellence for Risk-Based Community Resilience Planning(CoE),a fourteen university-based consortium of almost 100 col-laborators,including faculty,students,post-doctoral scholars,and NIST *** paper highlights the scientific theory behind the state-of-the-art cloud platform being developed by the CoE-the Interdisciplinary Networked Community Resilience Modeling Environment(IN-CORE).IN-CORE enables communities,consul-tants,and researchers to set up complex interdependent models of an entire community consisting of people,businesses,social institutions,buildings,transportation networks,water networks,and electric power networks and to predict their performance and recovery to hazard scenario events,including uncertainty propagation through the chained *** modeling environment includes a detailed building inventory,hazard scenario models,building and infrastructure damage(fragility)and recovery functions,social science data-driven house-hold and business models,and computable general equilibrium(CGE)models of local *** important aspect of IN-CORE is the characterization of uncertainty and its propagation throughout the chained models of the *** illustrative examples of community testbeds are presented that look at hazard impacts and recovery on population,economics,physical services,and social *** overview of the IN-CORE technology and scientific implementation is described with a focus on four key community stability areas(CSA)that encompass an array of community resilience metrics(CRM)and support community resilience informed *** testbed within IN-CORE has been developed by a team of engineers,social scientists,urban planners,and *** models,begin with a community description,i.e.,people,businesses,buildings,infras-tructure,and progresses to the damage and loss of functions caused by a hazard scenario

关键词： IN-CORE Community Resilience Natural hazards Disasters Risk Uncertainty propagation decision-support Mitigation Adaptation Tornado Tsunami Earthquake Hurricane

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A laterally graded junctionless transistor

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Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第3期35卷 29-32页

作者： Punyasloka Bal Bahniman Ghosh Partha Mondal M.w.Akram department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Microelectronics Research Center 10100 Burnet Road University of Texas at Austin

This paper proposes a laterally graded junctionless transistor taking peak doping concentration near the source and drain region, and a gradual decrease in doping concentration towards the center of the channel to improve the I OFF and I ON/I OFF ratio. The decrease of doping concentration in the lateral direction of the channel region depletes a greater number of charge carriers compared to the uniformly doped channel in the OFF-state,which in turn suppresses the OFF state current flowing through the device without greatly affecting the ON state current.

关键词： junctionless field effect transistor laterally graded subthreshold slope

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CONTACT MATERIALS FOR GaSb AND InSb: A PHASE DIAGRAM APPROACH

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2002年第2期15卷 143-148页

作者： K. w. Richter and H. Ipser Institut für anorganische Chemie, Universit?t wien w?hringerstrasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria Institut für anorganische Chemie Universitat Wien Wathringerstrasse 42A-1090 ViennaAustria

The development of well defined and thermally stable ohmic contacts for Ⅲ- Ⅴ semi-conductors like InSb and GaSb is still a challenging problem in semiconductor devicetechnology. As device processing usually includes the exposure to elevated tempera-tures, interface reactions often occur during metallization and further heat *** is thus important to understand the respective phase equilibria of the involved el-ements. From the thermodynamic point of view, binary and ternary compounds inequilibrium with the respective compound semiconductor would be the best choice forcontact materials as these contacts will be stable even after long exposure to elevatedtemperatures. These possible candidates for contact materials may be directly obtainedfrom the phase *** the last years we investigated several phase diagrams of transition metals withGaSb and InSb. Experimental results in the systems Ga-Ni-Sb, Ga-Pd-Sb, Ga-Pt-Sb,In-Ni-Sb and In-Pd-Sb are summarized and are discussed in the context of contactchemistry.

关键词： contact material phase diagram GaSb InSb

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Effect of surface self-nanocrystallization and Si infiltration on Si diffusion behavior, hardness and magnetic properties of pure Fe

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2018年第9期25卷 923-931页

作者： Xu Li Yang Li Ying-hui wei Li-feng Hou Bao-sheng Liu Hong-bo Qu Yi-de wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 Shanxi China Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024 Shanxi China

Surface nanocrystallization of pure Fe was performed using an improved surface treatment process. The phase transformation and Si infiltration depth of the pure Fe before and after surface mechanical attrition treatment （SMAT） were compared by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results indicated that nanocrystallization of Fe surface was achieved using SMAT, which resulted in deeper penetration of Si. Prolonging time of SMAT and Si infiltration also resulted in increasing microhardness, with the hardness first increasing with increasing distance from the surface and then decreasing. Furthermore, longer Si infiltration time, nanocrystallization of Si and longer SMAT time resulted in higher saturation magnetization （MS）. The greatest Si penetration depth （150 μm）, maximum hardness （280 HV）, and maximum MS （1.849 × 10^6 A/m） were achieved after SMAT for 45 min and Si infiltration for 9 h. The interaction between adjacent grains after surface nanocrystallization leads to a region of the magnetic domain wall structure located at the grain boundary, which causes the remanence enhancement effect.

关键词： Iron Surface self-nanocrystallization Silicon infiltration Magnetic property Surface mechanical attrition treatment

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HARdeNING OF L1_2-ORdeRED Co_3Ti BY PRECIPITATION OF FCC-Co PHASE

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1998年第1期11卷 33-38页

作者： w.H.Tian S.L.Hu M.Nemoto Univ of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China

The Co3 Ti phase hardens appreciably by the fine precipitation of disordered fcc Co-rich phase upon aging after quenching from solution annealing temperature. Transmission electron microscope (TEM)observations revealed that the precipitates are platelet in shape, lying nearly parallel to the {100} planes of the L12-ordered matrix, and perfectly coherent with the matrix lattice at the beginning of aging. The high temperature strength increases appreciably with the fine precipitation of disondered Co-rich phase over the whole temperature range investigated. TEM observations of the deformed alloys after underaging revealed that saperdislocations are pinned by precipitates indicating an attractive interaction between dislocations and precipitates.

关键词： Co_3 Ti age-hardening precipitate deformation mechanism microstructure

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Vectorcardiographic QRS area as a predictor of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第1期19卷 9-20页

作者： Mohammed A Ghossein Antonius Mw van Stipdonk Frits w Prinzen Kevin Vernooy department of Physiology Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht(CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands department of Cardiology Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht(CARIM)Maastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands department of Cardiology Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands

Cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT)is a good treatment for heart failure accompanied by ventricular conduction *** ECG criteria in international guidelines seem to be suboptimal to select heart failure patients for *** criteria QRS duration and left bundle branch block(LBBB)QRS morphology insufficiently detect left ventricular activation delay,which is required for benefit from ***,there are various definitions for LBBB,in which each one has a different association with CRT benefit and is prone to subjective *** studies have shown that the objectively measured vectorcardiographic QRS area identifies left ventricular activation delay with higher accuracy than any of the current ECG ***,various studies have consistently shown that a high QRS area prior to CRT predicts both echocardiographic and clinical improvement after *** beneficial relation of QRS area with CRT-outcome was largely independent from QRS morphology,QRS duration,and patient characteristics known to affect CRT-outcome including ischemic etiology and *** top of QRS area prior to CRT,the reduction in QRS area after CRT further improves *** area is easily obtainable from a standard 12-lead ECG though it currently requires off-line *** applicability will be significantly improved when QRS area is automatically determined by ECG equipment.

关键词： ventricular synchronization conduction

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Adenosine to facilitate the clipping of cerebral aneurysms:literature review

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2017年第4期2卷 205-210页

作者： Virendra R desai Alejandro L Rosas Gavin w Britz department of Neurosurgery Houston Methodist Neurological InstituteHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTexasUSA department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTexasUSA

Cerebral aneurysms have a high mortality rate when *** techniques have improved substantially in treating this ***,surgical clip ligation remains the preferred option for some *** techniques are used intraoperatively to assist the surgeon in dissecting the aneurysmal dome free of surrounding tissue and placing a clip around the neck safely and effectively so that no nearby perforating vessels are affected and no residual *** techniques include temporary clip ligation,endovascular balloon occlusion and cardiac *** use is one viable option for induced cardiac arrest leading to a short period of controlled *** predictable course of action,rapid onset and offset and rare incidence of adverse side effects make it an attractive agent in this ***,we provide an introduction to adenosine use,describing its pharmacokinetic properties,indications,contraindications,complications and future directions.

关键词： aneurysm balloon viable

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Towards explicit representation of an artificial neural network model: Comparison of two artificial neural network rule extraction approaches

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Petroleum 2020年第4期6卷 329-339页

作者： Veronica K.H.Chan Christine w.Chan Energy Informatics Laboratory Faculty of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of ReginaReginaSK S4S 0A2Canada

In the quest for interpretable models,two versions of a neural network rule extraction algorithm were proposed and *** two algorithms are called the Piece-wise Linear Artificial Neural Network(PwL-ANN)and enhanced Piece-wise Linear Artificial Neural Network(enhanced PwL-ANN)*** PwL-ANN algorithm is a decomposition artificial neural network(ANN)rule extraction algorithm,and the enhanced PwL-ANN algorithm improves upon the PwL-ANN algorithm and extracts multiple linear regression equations from a trained ANN model by approximating the hidden sigmoid activation functions using N-piece linear *** doing so,the algorithm provides interpretable models from the originally trained opaque ANN models.A detailed application case study illustrates how the generated enhanced-PwL-ANN models can provide understandable IF-THEN rules about a problem *** of the results generated by the two versions of the PwL-ANN algorithm showed that in comparison to the PwL-ANN models,the enhanced-PwL-ANN models support improved fidelities to the originally trained ANN *** results also showed that more concise rule sets could be generated using the enhanced-PwL-ANN *** a more simplified set of rules is desired,the enhanced-PwL-ANN algorithm can be combined with the decision tree *** application of the algorithms to domains related to petroleum engineering can help enhance understanding of the problems.

关键词： Artificial neural networks Rule extraction Regression problem Algorithm design

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A Diagram for Glass Transition and Plastic deformation in Model Metallic Glasses

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第6期30卷 546-550页

作者： X.Q.Gao w.H.wang H.Y.Bai Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this paper, we report a strain rate related glass transition in model SrCaYbMg（Li）Zn（Cu） metallic glasses at room temperature. A critical strain rate, equivalent to glass transition temperature, is found for the strain rate induced glassy state to liquid-like viscoplastic state translation. The results show that the observation time, equivalent to temperature and stress, is a key parameter for the transition between the glass and supercooled liquid states. A three-dimension glass transition diagram involved in time, temperature and stress in metallic glasses is established.

关键词： Homogeneous plastic flow Glass transition Metallic glass

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Diagnosis of bile duct hepatocellular carcinoma thrombus without obvious intrahepatic mass

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第39期16卷 4998-5004页

作者： Long XY Li YX wu w Li L Cao J. department of General Surgery Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410008 Hunan Province China. liyixiong6@***

AIM:To study the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)presenting as bile duct tumor thrombus with no detectable intrahepatic ***:Six patients with pathologically proven bile duct HCC thrombi but no intrahepatic mass demonstrated on the preoperative imaging or palpated intrahepatic mass during operative exploration,were *** clinical and imaging data were retrospectively *** major findings or signs on comprehensive imaging were correlated with the surgical and pathologic ***:Jaundice was the major clinical symptom of the *** elevated serum total bilirubin,direct bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase levels were in concordance with obstructive jaundice and the underlying liver *** the 6 patients showing evidence of viral hepatitis,5 were positive for serum alpha fetoprotein and carbohydrate antigen 19-9,and 1 was positive for serum carcinoembryonic *** patient was correctly diagnosed by *** main features of patients on comprehensive imaging were filling defects with cup-shaped ends of the bile duct,with large filling defects presenting as casting moulds in the expanded bile duct,hypervascular intraluminal nodules,debris or blood clots in the bile *** obvious circular thickening of the bile duct walls was ***:Even with no detectable intrahepatic tumor,bile duct HCC thrombus should be considered in patients predisposed to HCC,and some imaging signs are indicative of its diagnosis.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Obstructive jaundice Bile duct tumor thrombus Diagnosis Diagnostic imaging

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