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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第7期141卷 314-329页

作者： Komal daya s.ni Khem singh shankar G.Aggarwal CsIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr.K.S.Krishnan MargNew Delhi 110012India Academy of scientific&Innovative Research(AcsIR) Ghaziabad 201002India

Vehicular emissions are considered one of the major anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases and poor air quality in metropolitan *** study aims to see the correlation of CO_(2),CH_(4),and CO through monitoring over a period from December 2020 to October 2021 covering three seasons’winter,summer,and monsoon at two different traffic locations of Delhi having different traffic volumes,road patterns,and traffic *** annual average morning concentration of CO_(2),CH_(4)and CO was found(533±105),(7.3±3.1),(10.7±3.0)ppm at Najafgarh and(480±70),(5.2±1.8),(7.8±2.8)ppm at Rajendra Place,respectively.A relationship between concentration of all three gases and meteorological parameters such as temperature,humidity,wind speed and wind direction has also been investigated using Pearson correlation coefficient and pollution rose diagram.A comparable pattern in concentration was observed for all three gases in spatial(location)and temporal(diurnal)*** concentration trend of CO_(2)in different seasons is winter>summer>monsoon,while in the case of CH_(4)winter=summer>monsoon but not any seasonal trend was noted in CO *** is observed that CO_(2)has a good relation with CO(a tracer for vehicular emission)in terms of diurnal variation,whereas,CH_(4)does not represent a relation with CO and CO_(2)diurnally,suggesting that vehicles are the source of CO_(2)but not much contributing to other greenhouse gases like CH_(4).

关键词： Vehicular emission Greenhouse gases Harmful pollutants Meteorological parameters

Recent progress in MnBi2nTe3n+1 intrinsic magnetic topological insulators: crystal growth, magnetism and chemical disorder

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National science Review 2024年第2期11卷 65-80页

作者： Chaowei Hu Tiema Qian ni ni Department of Physics and Astronomy and California Nano systems Institute University of California-Los Angeles

The search for magnetic topological materials has been at the forefront of condensed matter research for their potential to host exotic states such as axion insulators, magnetic Weyl semimetals, Chern insulators,etc. To date, the MnBi2nTe3n+1family is the only group of materials showcasing van der Waals-layered structures, intrinsic magnetism and non-trivial band topology without trivial bands at the Fermi level. The interplay between magnetism and band topology in this family has led to the proposal of various topological phenomena, including the quantum anomalous Hall effect, quantum spin Hall effect and quantum magnetoelectric effect. Among these, the quantum anomalous Hall effect has been experimentally observed at record-high temperatures, highlighting the unprecedented potential of this family of materials in fundamental science and technological innovation. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the research progress in this intrinsic magnetic topological insulator family, with a focus on single-crystal growth, characterization of chemical disorder, manipulation of magnetism through chemical substitution and external pressure, and important questions that remain to be conclusively answered.

关键词： MnBi2Te4 magnetic topological insulator magnetism tuning antiferromagnetism ferromagnetism pressure chemical doping

Review of tribological properties of nanoparticle-based lubricants and their hybrids and composites

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 569-590页

作者： Ye Zar ni HTWE Aws.s.AL-JANABI Yasmin WADZER Hussin MAMAT Ku NOORYAsMIN school of Materials&Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300Malaysia school of Aerospace Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300Malaysia Universiti sains Malaysia

Due to their encouraging results,nanolubricants have been revolutionary in the field of *** degree,to which the new material may improve the tribology,energy savings,and durability,is a crucial consideration for any new additive to a conventional *** results of the earlier research on carbon,metal,metal oxide,and their composites and hybrid nanolubricants as well as their effects on tribology,are summarized in this review *** most popular measuring methodologies,the tribology results for lubricants with an oil base,biodegradable base,and a water base,as well as the reasons that explain these tribological advancements,are all included in this ***,prospects for more study in this area are emphasized.

关键词： nanolubricants tribology carbon metal metal oxide hybrid

Rethinking the Encoder-decoder structure in Medical Image segmentation from Releasing Decoder structure

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第3期21卷 1511-1521页

作者： Jiajia ni Wei Mu An Pan Zhengming Chen school of Artificial Intelligence Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu241000China school of Information science and Engineering HoHai UniversityChangzhou213000China

Medical image segmentation has witnessed rapid advancements with the emergence of encoder-decoder based *** the encoder-decoder structure,the primary goal of the decoding phase is not only to restore feature map resolution,but also to mitigate the loss of feature information incurred during the encoding ***,this approach gives rise to a challenge:multiple up-sampling operations in the decoder segment result in the loss of feature *** address this challenge,we propose a novel network that removes the decoding structure to reduce feature information loss(CBL-Net).In particular,we introduce a Parallel Pooling Module(PPM)to counteract the feature information loss stemming from conventional and pooling operations during the encoding ***,we incorporate a Multiplexed Dilation Convolution(MDC)module to expand the network's receptive ***,although we have removed the decoding stage,we still need to recover the feature map ***,we introduced the Global Feature Recovery(GFR)*** uses attention mechanism for the image feature map resolution recovery,which can effectively reduce the loss of feature *** conduct extensive experimental evaluations on three publicly available medical image segmentation datasets:DRIVE,CHAsEDB and MoNuseg *** results show that our proposed network outperforms state-of-the-art methods in medical image *** addition,it achieves higher efficiency than the current network of coding and decoding structures by eliminating the decoding component.

关键词： Medical image segmentation Encoder-decoder architecture Attention mechanisms Releasing decoder architecture Neural network

Classification of aviation incident causes using LGBM with improved cross-validation

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Journal of systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第2期35卷 396-405页

作者： ni Xiaomei WANG Huawei CHEN Lingzi LIN Ruiguan school of Civil Aviation Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China school of Aeronautical Engineering Nanjing Vocational University of Industry TechnologyNanjing 210023China

Aviation accidents are currently one of the leading causes of significant injuries and deaths worldwide. This entices researchers to investigate aircraft safety using data analysis approaches based on an advanced machine learning *** assess aviation safety and identify the causes of incidents, a classification model with light gradient boosting machine (LGBM)based on the aviation safety reporting system (AsRs) has been developed. It is improved by k-fold cross-validation with hybrid sampling model (HsCV), which may boost classification performance and maintain data balance. The results show that employing the LGBM-HsCV model can significantly improve accuracy while alleviating data imbalance. Vertical comparison with other cross-validation (CV) methods and lateral comparison with different fold times comprise the comparative approach. Aside from the comparison, two further CV approaches based on the improved method in this study are discussed:one with a different sampling and folding order, and the other with more CV. According to the assessment indices with different methods, the LGBMHsCV model proposed here is effective at detecting incident causes. The improved model for imbalanced data categorization proposed may serve as a point of reference for similar data processing, and the model’s accurate identification of civil aviation incident causes can assist to improve civil aviation safety.

关键词： aviation safety imbalance data light gradient boosting machine(LGBM) cross-validation(CV)

Oxidation of emerging organic contaminants by in-situ H_(2)O_(2) fenton system

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第3期9卷 417-434页

作者： Yuqin ni Chuxiang Zhou Mingyang Xing Yi Zhou state Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes School of Resources&Environmental EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater TreatmentSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology130 Meilong RoadShanghai200237China Department of Applied Natural sciences Technische Hochschule LubeckMonkhofer Weg 23923562 LubeckGermany

The existence and risk of emerging organic contaminants(EOCs)have been under consideration and paid much effort to degrade these *** system is one of the most widely used technologies to solve this *** original Fenton system relies on the hydroxyl radicals produced by Fe(Ⅱ)/H_(2)O_(2) to oxidize the organic ***,the application of the Fenton system is limited by its low iron cycling efficiency and the high risks of hydrogen peroxide transportation and *** introduction of external energy(including light and electricity etc.)can effectively promote the Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)cycle and the reduction of oxygen to produce hydrogen peroxide in *** review introduces three in-situ Fenton systems,which are electro-Fenton,Photo-Fenton,and chemical *** mechanism,influencing factors,and catalysts of these three in-situ Fenton systems in degrading EOCs are discussed *** review strengthens the understanding of Fenton and in-situ Fenton systems in degradation,offering further insight into the real application of the in-situ Fenton system in the removal of EOCs.

关键词： In-situ H_(2)O_(2)production Fenton Emerging organic contaminants Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis

Advances in non-invasive imaging of proteinopathies in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2115-2116页

作者： Lei Cao Bin Ji Ruiqing ni Changes Technology Corporation Ltd. ShanghaiChina Fudan University ShanghaiChina school of Pharmacy Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Institute for Biomedical Engineering University of Zurich&ETH Zurich Institute for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer's disease(AD),frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson's disease,and dementia with Lewy bodies,represent tremendous unmet clinical needs.A common feature of these diseases is the aberrant cerebral accumulation of pathological protein aggregates,affecting selectively vulnerable circuits in a disease-specific *** studies have established a relationship between abnormal aggregation and neuronal dysfunction or loss,suggesting multifactorial pathogenesis mechanisms in these neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： diseases degenerative clinical

High-throughput and simultaneous inertial separation of tumor cells and clusters from malignant effusions using spiral-contraction-expansion channels

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 91-99页

作者： Zhixian Zhu Hui Ren Dan Wu Zhonghua ni Nan Xiang school of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical InstrumentsSoutheast University211189NanjingChina school of Mechanical Technology Wuxi Institute of TechnologyNo.1600 Gaolang West Road214129WuxiChina Department of Oncology Jiangyin People’s Hospital214400JiangyinChina

Tumor cell clusters are regarded as critical factors in cancer pathophysiology,and increasing evidence of their higher treatment resistance and metastasis compared to single tumor cells has been ***,existing cell separation methods that are designed for single tumor cells cannot be used to simultaneously purify tumor cell *** address this problem,we demonstrated a microfluidic approach for the high-throughput,continuous-flow ternary separation of single tumor cells,tumor cell clusters,and WBCs from clinical pleural or abdominal effusions by coupling slanted spiral channels and periodic contraction-expansion *** first systematically explored the influence of particle size and flow rate on particle *** separation performance indicated that 94.0%of WBCs were removed and more than 97%of MDA-MB-231 tumor cells were recovered at a high flow rate of 3500µL/***,more than 90%of tumor cell clusters were effectively preserved after ***,we successfully applied our device for the ternary separation of single tumor cells,tumor cell clusters,and WBCs from different malignant effusions collected from patients with metastatic ***,our spiral-contraction-expansion device has potential as a sample pretreatment tool for the cytological diagnosis of malignant effusions.

关键词： separation contraction removed

Progress of vegetation modelling and future research prospects

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science China Earth sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2718-2738页

作者： siqi LI Xu ZHANG Zhengyao LU Jian ni Jianhua LU state Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth system Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China British Antarctic survey Cambridge CB30ETUnited Kingdom Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem science Lund UniversityLund 22362Sweden College of Life sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China school of Atmospheric sciences Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China

Terrestrial vegetation is a crucial component of the Earth system,and its changes not only represent one of the most distinct aspects of climate change but also exert significant feedback within the climate system by exchanging energy,moisture,and carbon *** quantitatively and mechanistically study climate-vegetation feedback,numerical vegetation models have been developed on the theory of ecophysiological constraints on plant functional *** models eventually can simulate vegetation distribution and succession across different spatial and temporal scales,and associated terrestrial carbon cycle processes by categorizing vegetation into biomes according different plant functional types and their associated environmental *** we review the developing history of vegetation models and provide recent advances and future *** 21st century,static vegetation models,as developed statistical models,can only simulate equilibrated characteristics of vegetation *** last several decades,Dynamic Global Vegetation Models(DGVMs)have been developed to simulate instantaneous responses of vegetation to climate change and associated dynamics,and can be coupled with Earth system models to investigate interactions among atmosphere,ocean,and *** are also widely applied to investigate the dynamics accounting for changes in the geographic distribution patterns of land surface vegetation at different spatial and temporal scales and to assess the impacts of terrestrial carbon and water fluxes and land use *** suggest that future vegetation modeling could integrate with machine learning,and explore vegetation transient response and feedback as well as impacts of process hierarchies and human activities on climate and ecosystem.

关键词： Vegetation models DGVMs Ecosystems Plant functional types Plant functional traits

Improving IEC thermal model for oil natural air natural transformers using optimised parameters based on dynamic simulation

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 217-229页

作者： Lijing Zhang Yingting Luo Gehao sheng Zizhan ni Xiuchen Jiang Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Corporation GuangzhouChina

Accurate assessment of hot-spot temperature is essential for the safe operation of power *** dynamic thermal models cannot estimate hot-spot temperature accurately since some input parameters are roughly determined by transformer capacity and cooling mode while ignoring the effect of winding structure,tank dimensions,and material physical *** improve the accuracy of temperature assessment,empirical parameters of the IEC thermal model including thermal constants,winding and oil exponents are optimised with the help of numerical simulation in this *** on energy conservation and heat transfer theory,a computational fluid dynamic(CFD)model of a transformer in oil natural air natural(ONAN)cooling mode is *** CFD model simulates the entity's structure,sizes,and multi-stage heat dissipation processes realistically,so it can more precisely calculate the dynamic hot-spot *** to the simulated temperature curves at different operating conditions,the thermal constants and oil exponent are estimated using non-linear regression,and the winding exponent is optimised using linear regression.A case study is conducted on an ONAN *** shows the improved IEC model with optimised parameters can more accurately evaluate hot-spot temperature,and the absolute error is decreased by 2.4 K(38.7%)compared with traditional thermal models.

关键词： temperature properties. thermal