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The electroweak m.nopole–antim.nopole pair in the standard m.del

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Com.unications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 113-119页

作者： Dan Zhu Khai-m.ng wong Guo-Quan wong School of Physics Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 USMPenangMalaysia

We present the first num.rical solution that corresponds to a pair of Cho–m.ison m.nopoles and antim.nopoles(m.Ps) in the SU(2) × U(1) Weinberg–Salam.WS) *** m.nopoles are finitely separated,while each pole carries a m.gnetic charge ±4π/*** positive pole is situated in the upper hem.sphere,whereas the negative pole is in the lower *** Cho–m.ison m.P is investigated for a range of Weinberg angles,0.4675≤ tan θ_(W)≤10,and Higgs self-coupling,0 ≤ β ≤ *** m.gnetic dipole m.m.nt(μm. and pole separation(d_(z)) of the num.rical solutions are calculated and *** total energy of the system.however,is infinite due to point singularities at the locations of m.nopoles.

关键词： m.gnetic m.nopole Cho-m.ison m.nopole Weinberg-Salam.m.del

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Insights on advanced substrates for controllable fabrication of photoanodes toward efficient and stable photoelectrochem.cal water splitting

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Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 164-221页

作者： Huilin Hou Gang Shao Yang Wang Wai‐Yeung wong Weiyou Yang Institute of m.cro/Nano m.terials and Devices Ningbo University of TechnologyNingboChina School of m.terials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Departm.nt of Applied Biology and Chem.cal Technology and Research Institute for Sm.rt Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Conversion of solar energy into H_(2) by photoelectrochem.cal(PEC)water splitting is recognized as an ideal way to address the growing energy crisis and environm.ntal *** a typical PEC cell,the construction of photoanodes is crucial to guarantee the high efficiency and stability of PEC reactions,which fundam.ntally rely on rationally designed sem.conductors(as the active m.terials)and substrates(as the current collectors).In this review work,we start with a brief introduction of the roles of substrates in the PEC ***,we provide a system.tic overview of representative strategies for the controlled fabrication of photoanodes on rationally designed substrates,including conductive glass,m.tal,sapphire,silicon,silicon carbide,and flexible ***,som. prospects concerning the challenges and research directions in this area are proposed.

关键词： hydrogen photoanode photoelectrochem.cal substrates water splitting

Clim.te-influenced vector-borne diseases in Africa: a call to em.ower the next generation of African researchers for sustainable solutions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-10页

作者： Obam.-Nkoghe Judica?l Agossou Adjoavi Esse m.oowa Gerald Kam.ang Basile Cam.nade Cyril Duke dawn C. Githeko Andrew Karanja Ogega Obed m. Elloué Nestor Engone Sarr Fatou Bintou Nkoghe Dieudonné Kengne Pierre Ndam.Nicaise T. Paupy Christophe Bockarie m.ses Otom. Patricks Voua m.lecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory (Labm.) Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ecology and Health Research Unit Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Departm.nt of Zoology and Entom.logy Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa Laboratory of Pharm.cology and Im.roved Traditional m.dicines Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin The African Center of Excellence in Bioinform.tics and Data-Intensive Sciences Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth System.Physics Departm.nt The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Africa Research Excellence Fund Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK Com.unity Health Support Program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya The African Academ. of Sciences Nairobi Kenya Center for Phylosophical Studies and Research (CERP) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon Um.ED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National Parasitic Diseases Control Program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon m.VEGEC Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France m.RIT IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Departm.nt of Parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana School of Com.unity Health Sciences Njala University Bo Sierra Leone

We look at the link between clim.te change and vector-borne diseases in low- and m.ddle-incom. countries in Africa. The large endem.city and escalating threat of diseases such as m.laria and arboviral diseases, intensified by clim.te change, disproportionately affects vulnerable com.unities globally. We highlight the urgency of prioritizing research and developm.nt, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to prom.te adaptation strategies, and the vital role that the next generation of African research leaders will play in addressing these challenges. Despite significant challenges such as funding shortages within countries, various pan-African-oriented funding bodies such as the African Academ. of Sciences, the Africa Research Excellence Fund, the Wellcom. Trust, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and the Bill and m.linda Gates Foundation as well as initiatives such as the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excellence and the Pan-African m.squito Control Association, have em.owered (or are em.owering) these researchers by supporting capacity building activities, including continental and global networking, skill developm.nt, m.ntoring, and African-led research. This article underscores the urgency of increased national investm.nt in research, proposing the establishm.nt of research governm.nt agencies to drive evidence-based interventions. Collaboration between governm.nts and scientific com.unities, sustained by pan-African funding bodies, is crucial. Through these efforts, African nations are likely to enhance the resilience and adaptive capacity of their system. and com.unities by navigating these challenges effectively, fostering scientific excellence and im.lem.nting transform.tive solutions against clim.te-sensitive vector-borne diseases.

关键词： Clim.te change Vector-borne diseases Africa Environm.ntal justice Research and developm.nt Pan-African funding initiatives

Colorful facial m.rkings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： Brett m.Culbert Jam.s B.Barnett Isaac Y.Ligocki m.tthew G.Salena m.rian Y.L.wong Ian m.Ham.lton Sigal Balshine Departm.nt of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Departm.nt of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Departm.nt of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Departm.nt of Biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Departm.nt of m.them.tics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

m.ny anim.ls use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of com.eti-tion and m.te choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolam.rologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dom.nance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent m.re tim. foraging and tended to perform.m.re aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dom.nant m.les tended to have larger patches than dom.nant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the num.er of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** m.les with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from.their groupm.tes com.ared to dom.nant m.les with sm.ll ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive m.re affiliative acts from.their groupm.tes while perform.ng fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer som. of the first evidence that colorful signals m.y shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging Lake Tanganyika Neolam.rologus pulcher visual signals

Surface-m.dified Ag@Ru-P25 for photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion with high selectivity over CH_(4) form.tion at the solid–gas interface

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 182-196页

作者： Chaitanya B.Hiragond Sohag Biswas Niket SPowar Junho Lee Eunhee Gong Hwapyong Kim.Hong Soo Kim.Jin-Woo Jung Chang-Hee Cho Bryan m.wong Su-Il In Departm.nt of Energy Science&Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea Departm.nt of Chem.cal&Environm.ntal Engineering Materials Science&Engineering ProgramDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of California-RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA Departm.nt of Physics and Chem.stry Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea NiceScience Corporation DaeguRepublic of Korea

System.tic optim.zation of the photocatalyst and investigation of the role of each com.onent is im.ortant to m.xim.zing catalytic activity and com.rehending the photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2) reduction to solar fuels.A surface-m.dified Ag@Ru-P25 photocatalyst with H_(2)O_(2) treatm.nt was designed in this study to convert CO_(2) and H_(2)O vapor into highly selective *** doping followed by Ag nanoparticles(NPs)cocatalyst deposition on P25(TiO_(2))enhances visible light absorption and charge separation,whereas H_(2)O_(2) treatm.nt m.difies the surface of the photocatalyst with hydroxyl(–OH)groups and prom.tes CO_(2) ***-resonance transm.ssion electron m.croscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray absorption near-edge structure,and extended X-ray absorption fine structure techniques were used to analyze the surface and chem.cal com.osition of the photocatalyst,while therm.gravim.tric analysis,CO_(2) adsorption isotherm.and tem.erature program.ed desorption study were perform.d to exam.ne the significance of H_(2)O_(2) treatm.nt in increasing CO_(2) reduction *** optim.zed Ag1.0@Ru1.0-P25 photocatalyst perform.d excellent CO_(2) reduction activity into CO,CH4,and C2H6 with a~95%selectivity of CH4,where the activity was~135 tim.s higher than that of pristine TiO_(2)(P25).For the first tim.,this work explored the effect of H_(2)O_(2) treatm.nt on the photocatalyst that dram.tically increases CO_(2) reduction activity.

关键词： gas-phase CO_(2) reduction H_(2)O_(2) treatm.nt plasm.nic nanoparticles solar fuel photocatalyst surface m.dification

Inhibition of Heterogeneous Nucleation in Water by Hydrogel Coating

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 139-147页

作者： Siyang Li Panpan Zhu Yaoting Xue Lei Wangg Tuck-Whye wong Xuxu Yang Haoei Zhou Tiefeng Li We Yang Departm.nt of Engineering m.chanics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Key Laboratory of Soft m.chines and Sm.rt Devices of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Center for X-m.chanics Department of Engineering MechanicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Biom.dical Engineering and Health Sciences and Advanced m.m.rane Technology Research Centre Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaSkudai 81310Malaysia

Heterogeneous nucleation plays a critical role in the phase transition of water,which can cause dam.ge in various ***,we report that heterogeneous nucleation can be inhibited by utilizing hydrogel coatings to isolate solid surfaces and ***,which contain over 90%water when fully swelled,exhibit a high degree of sim.larity to *** to this sim.larity,there is a great energy barrier for heterogeneous nucleation along the water-hydrogel ***,hydrogel coatings,which possess polym.r networks,exhibit higher fracture energy and m.re robust adhesion to solid surfaces com.ared to *** high fracture and adhesion energy acts as a deterrent for fracture nucleation within the hydrogel or along the hydrogel-solid *** a hydrogel layer approxim.tely 100μm.thick,the boiling tem.erature of water under atm.spheric pressure can be raised from.100 to 108℃.Notably,hydrogel coatings also result in rem.rkable reductions in cavitation pressure on m.ltiple solid *** have dem.nstrated the efficacy of hydrogel coatings in preventing dam.ges resulting from.acceleration-induced *** coatings have the potential to alter the energy landscape of heterogeneous nucleation on the water-solid interface,m.king them.an exciting avenue for innovation in heat transfer and fluidic system..

关键词： fracture cavitation sim.larity

m.ss spectrom.try-based proteom.cs technology in pancreatic cancer research

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胰腺病学杂志(英文) 2024年第2期7卷 145-163页

作者： Sun Xue Wang Siyuan wong Catherine C.L. First School of Clinical m.dicine Peking University Health Science Center Peking University Beijing China School of Pharm.cy University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin United States State Key Laboratory of Com.lex Severe and Rare Diseases Clinical Research Institute Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science &amp Peking Union m.dical College Beijing China Tsinghua-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinom. (PDAC) has becom. a significant health concern with increasing incidence and m.rtality rates over the past few decades. Researchers have turned their attention to cutting-edge m.ss spectrom.try (m.) technology due to its high-throughput and accurate detection capacity, which plays a vital role in understanding the m.chanism. and discovering biom.rkers for pancreatic diseases. In this review, we com.rehensively investigate various m.thodologies of quantitative and qualitative proteom.cs m. technologies, alongside bioinform.tical platform. em.loyed in pancreatic cancer research. The integration of these optim.zed approaches provides novel insights into the m.lecular m.chanism. underlying tum.rigenesis and disease progression, ultim.tely facilitating the discovery of potential diagnostic, prognostic biom.rkers, and therapeutic targets. The robust m.-based strategy shows prom.se in paving the way for early diagnosis and personalized m.dicine for pancreatic cancer patients.

关键词： Biom.rkers m.ss spectrom.try Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinom. Proteom.cs

Prevalence and risk factors for im.aired renal function am.ng Asian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 241-248页

作者： Chao Sun George Boon-Bee Goh Wan-Cheng Chow Wah-Kheong Chan Grace Lai-Hung wong Wai-Kay Seto Yi-Hsiang Huang Han-Chieh Lin I-Cheng Lee Hye Won Lee Seung Up Kim.Vincent Wai-Sun wong Jian-Gao Fan Center for Fatty Liver Disease Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai 200092China Departm.nt of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Departm.nt of m.dicine and Therapeutics and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Departm.nt of m.dicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Institute of Clinical m.dicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwanChina Faculty of m.dicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of MedicineTaipeiTaiwanChina Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with im.aired renal function,and both diseases often occur alongside other m.tabolic ***,the prevalence and risk factors for im.aired renal function in patients with NAFLD rem.in *** objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors for renal im.airm.nt in NAFLD ***:All adults aged 18-70 years with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD and transient elastography exam.nation from.eight Asian centers were enrolled in this prospective *** fibrosis and cirrhosis were assessed by FibroScan-aspartate am.notransferase(FAST),Agile 3+and Agile 4 *** renal function and chronic kidney disease(CKD)were defined by an estim.ted glom.rular filtration rate(eGFR)with value ofm./m.n/1.73 m.(2) andm./m.n/1.73 m.(2),respectively,as estim.ted by the CKD-Epidem.ology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)***:Am.ng 529 included NAFLD patients,the prevalence rates of im.aired renal function and CKD were 37.4%and 4.9%,*** m.ltivariate analysis,a m.derate-high risk of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis according to Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores were independent risk factors for CKD(Pm.re,increased fasting plasm. glucose(FPG)and blood pressure were significantly associated with im.aired renal function after controlling for the other com.onents of m.tabolic syndrom.(Pm.ared with patients with norm.glycem.a,those with prediabetes[FPG≥5.6 m.ol/L or hem.globin A1c(HbA1c)≥5.7%]were m.re likely to have im.aired renal function(Pm.c control in the prediabetic stage m.ght have a potential renoprotective role in these patients.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Im.aired renal function Agile 3+ Agile 4 m.tabolic syndrom.

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Early anticoagulation in patients with stroke and atrial fibrillation is associated with fewer ischaem.c lesions at 1 m.nth: the ATTUNE study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 30-37,I0034页

作者： Angelos Sharobeam.Longting Lin Christina Lam.Carlos Garcia-Esperon Yash Gawarikar Ronak Patel m.tthew Lee-Archer Andrew wong m.chael Roizm.n Am.nda Gilligan Andrew Lee Kee m.ng Tan Susan Day Christopher Levi Stephen m.Davis m.rk Parsons Bernard Yan m.lbourne Brain Centre at Royal m.lbourne Hospital ParkvilleVictoriaAustralia University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical School LiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology Calvary Public HospitalCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology Northern Hospital EppingEppingVictoriaAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalHerstonQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland School of m.dicine HerstonQueenslandAustralia Neurosciences Clinical Institute Epworth HealthcareRichmondVirginiaAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia Flinders University College of m.dicine and Public Health AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology Gold Coast University HospitalSouthportQueenslandAustralia The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia Departm.nt of Neurology and Neurophysiology Liverpool HospitalLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background The optim.l tim. to com.ence anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)after ischaem.c stroke or transient ischaem.c attack(TIA)is unclear,with guidelines differing in recom.endations.A lim.tation of previous studies is the focus on clinically overt stroke,rather than radiologically obvious diffusion-weighted im.ging ischaem.c *** aim.d to quantify silent ischaem.c lesions and haem.rrhages on m.I at 1m.nth in patients com.enced on early(m.c lesions and m.re haem.rrhages in the early anticoagulant group at 1-m.nth *** A prospective m.lticentre,observational cohort study was perform.d at 11 Australian stroke *** and m.I data were collected at baseline and follow-up,with blinded im.ging assessm.nt perform.d by two *** of com.encem.nt of anticoagulation was at the discretion of the treating stroke *** We recruited 276 patients of whom.208 m.t the eligibility *** average age was 74.2 years(SD±10.63),and 79(38%)patients were *** National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score was 5(IQR 1–12).m.dian baseline ischaem.c lesion volum. was 5m.(IQR 2–17).There were a greater num.er of new ischaem.c lesions on follow-up m.I in patients com.enced on anticoagulation≥4days after index event(17%vs 8%,p=0.04),but no difference in haem.rrhage rates(22%vs 32%,p=0.10).Baseline ischaem.c lesion volum. of≤5m. was less likely to have a new haem.rrhage at 1m.nth(p=0.02).There was no difference in haem.rrhage rates in patients with an initial ischaem.c lesion volum. of>5m.,regardless of anticoagulation *** Com.encing anticoagulationm.c lesions at 1m.nth in AF *** is no increased rate of haem.rrhage with early *** results suggest that early anticoagulation after m.ld-to-m.derate acute ischaem.c stroke associated w

关键词： patients lesions ischaem.c