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Effects of sustainable land management interventions on selected soil properties in Geda watershed,central highlands of Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 161-171页

作者： Hailu Terefe Mekuria Argaw Lulseged Tamene Kindu Mekonnen John Recha dawit solomon Center for Environmental Science College of Natural ScienceAddis Ababa UniversityP.O.Box 1176Addis AbabaEthiopia International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) P.O.Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) P.O.Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) P.O.Box 30709Nairobi 00100Kenya

Background:Land degradation through soil erosion by water is severe in the highlands of *** order to curb this problem,the government initiated sustainable land management interventions in different parts of the country since 2008,and in Geda watershed since ***,the impacts of the interventions on soil properties were not assessed so ***,this study investigated the impacts of sustainable land management interventions on selected soil properties in Geda *** samples were collected from treated and untreated subwatersheds at the upper and lower landscape positions,from cropland and grazing lands at two soil depths(0-15 cm and 15-30 cm).Selected soil physicochemical properties were assessed with respect to landscape position,land-use type,and soil depth in both treated and untreated ***:Generally,most of the soil physicochemical properties differed greatly across sub-watersheds,land-use types,and soil ***,electrical conductivity,total N,available P,exchangeable K,and organic carbon were higher in the treated sub-watershed,whereas sand,silt,bulk density,and pH were higher in the untreated *** higher sand,silt,and bulk density could be attributed to erosion,while the higher pH could be due to the higher exchangeable Na in the untreated *** of the selected soil chemical properties were not affected by landscape position,but land-use type affected available P and organic carbon with higher mean values at croplands than at grazing lands,which could be ascribed to the conservation structure and tillage of the soils in that conservation structures trap and accumulate transported organic materials from the upper slope,while tillage facilitates aeration and decomposition ***:Sustainable land management interventions improved soil physicochemical properties and brought a positive restoration of the soil *** the soil conservation measures and enhancing communi

关键词： Crop–livestock system Land degradation Land-use type Sub-watershed Soil depth

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辐射架构：传统企业网络向混合SDN增量部署方案

辐射架构：传统企业网络向混合SDN增量部署方案

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作者： dawit Amanuel Assreshey 西南交通大学

学位级别：硕士

为满足用户各种服务级别的需求,传统企业网络面临各种各样的运营挑战。这些挑战来自网络运维的各个方面,如实现频繁的策略更改、异构设备的管理、动态资源分配、计划维护和设备生命周期管理等。企业网运营商必须在不停机的情况下完成所... 详细信息

为满足用户各种服务级别的需求,传统企业网络面临各种各样的运营挑战。这些挑战来自网络运维的各个方面,如实现频繁的策略更改、异构设备的管理、动态资源分配、计划维护和设备生命周期管理等。企业网运营商必须在不停机的情况下完成所有上述活动。基于上述需求,软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)应运而生,它有望实现网络的协调自动化。但由于企业经费预算及其他条件限制,传统网络在向SDN迁移过程中面临各方面的困难。因此,SDN部署需要分阶段升级,先向混合SDN网络过渡,使运营商实现营收平衡。针对将SDN交换机增量部署到现有网络基础设施,实现经济效益的最大化问题。本文设计了一种辐射架构方案、实现传统网络到SDN的过渡,从而在企业/校园网中实现SDN的增量部署,形成局部混合SDN环境。该体系结构将SDN候选端口映射到逻辑SDN端口,以便在传统网络设备和SDN设备组成的部分混合环境中实现管理策略。通过定义SDN通路属性,候选端口集合中的端到端流量将穿越SDN交换机。另外,通过对传统网络的SDN抽象,该架构能够确保端到端策略的实施以及流量的细粒度控制器,其SDN通路的多样性也能提供故障恢复功能。论文也设计了一种成本高效的规划工具,可为企业网络运营商生成SDN部署方案且部署成本控制在预算之内。该工具利用名为L-Cap和T-Cap的贪婪启发式算法,为固定数量的SDN交换机增加SDN候选端口的数量。在中型到大型企业网络的拓扑大小和流量矩阵资源约束下对该部署方案进行性能测试。设定一个企业网络拓扑,流量估计以及与体系结构的可调参数相一致的客观预算,该工具可提供在企业/校园网中实现优化的混合SDN部署方案。在评估中,只需要12%的SDN交换机部署在分布层,在适当的资源利用率条件下,就可以实现50%左右的传统端口可以被SDN管理,实现SDN管理策略。因此,辐射架构方案实现了经济有效地增量部署SDN的策略实施。虽然部分部署SDN网络,运营商能够获得为几乎完全部署SDN网络的效果。

关键词：企业网络 SDN架构部分SDN 增量部署

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A review of electrokinetically enhanced bioremediation technologies for PHs

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 31-45页

作者： Anish Saini dawit Nega Bekele Sreenivasulu Chadalavada Cheng Fang Ravi Naidu Global Centre for Environmental Remediation University of NewcastleCallaghanNewcastle 2308NSWAustralia Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment(CRC CARE) University of NewcastleCallaghanNewcastle 2308NSWAustralia

Since the early 1980’s there have been several different strategies designed and applied to the remediation of subsurface environment including physical, chemical and biological *** have had varying degrees of success in remediating contaminants from subsurface soils and *** objective of this review is to examine the range of technologies for the remediation of contaminants, particularly petroleum hydrocarbons, in subsurfaces with a specific focus on bioremediation and electrokinetic ***, this review examines the efficiency of remediation carried out by combining bioremediation and electrokinetic ***, which are slowly becoming the selected chemicals for mobilizing contaminants, are also considered in this *** current knowledge gaps of these technologies and techniques identified which could lead to development of more efficient ways of utilizing these technologies or development of a completely new technology.

关键词： Subsurface contamination Remediation Petroleum hydrocarbons (PH) Electrokinetics Bioremediation

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Combined data mining techniques based patient data outlier detection for healthcare safety

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2016年第1期9卷 42-68页

作者： Gebeyehu Belay Gebremeskel Chai Yi Zhongshi He dawit Haile State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment System Security and New TechnologyCollege of AutomationChongqing UniversityChongqingChina College of Computer Science Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina School of Engineering Science and TechnologyVirginia State UniversityPetersburgVirginiaUSA

Purpose–Among the growing number of data mining(DM)techniques,outlier detection has gained importance in many applications and also attracted much attention in recent *** the past,outlier detection researched papers appeared in a safety care that can view as searching for the needles in the ***,outliers are not always ***,the purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of outliers in healthcare services in general and patient safety care,in ***/methodology/approach–It is a combined DM(clustering and the nearest neighbor)technique for outliers’detection,which provides a clear understanding and meaningful insights to visualize the data behaviors for healthcare *** outcomes or the knowledge implicit is vitally essential to a proper clinicaldecision-making *** method isimportant to thesemantic,andthe novel tactic of patients’events and situations prove that play a significant role in the process of patient care safety and ***–The outcomes of the paper is discussing a novel and integrated methodology,which can be inferring for different biological data *** is discussed as integrated DM techniques to optimize its performancein the field of health and *** is an integrated method of outliers detection that can be extending for searching valuable information and knowledge implicit based on selected patient *** on these facts,outliers are detected as clusters and point events,and novel ideas proposed to empower clinical services in consideration of customers’*** is also essential to be a baseline for further healthcare strategic development and research *** limitations/implications–This paper mainly focussed on outliers *** isolation that are essential to investigate the reason how it happened and communications how to mitigate it did not ***,the research can be extended more about the hierarchy of patient prob

关键词： Data mining Clustering Healthcare Mining algorithm Nearest neighbor Outlier detection

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Diagnostic accuracy of thoracic imaging modalities for the detection of COVID-19

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World Journal of Radiology 2022年第2期14卷 47-49页

作者： Haben dawit Marissa Absi Nayaar Islam Sanam Ebrahimzadeh Matthew D F McInnes Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteOttawa K1E4M9ONCanada Department of Radiology The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Clinical Epidemiology ProgramOttawa K1H8L6ONCanada

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic continues to present diagnostic *** use of thoracic radiography has been studied as a method to improve the diagnostic accuracy of ***‘Living’Cochrane Systematic Review on the diagnostic accuracy of imaging tests for COVID-19 is continuously updated as new information becomes available for *** the most recent version,published in March 2021,a meta-analysis was done to determine the pooled sensitivity and specificity of chest X-ray(CXR)and lung ultrasound(LUS)for the diagnosis of *** gave a sensitivity of 80.6%(95%CI:69.1-88.6)and a specificity of 71.5%(95%CI:59.8-80.8).LUS gave a sensitivity rate of 86.4%(95%CI:72.7-93.9)and specificity of 54.6%(95%CI:35.3-72.6).These results differed from the findings reported in the recent article in this journal where they cited the previous versions of the study in which a metaanalysis for CXR and LUS could not be ***,the article states that COVID-19 could not be distinguished,using chest computed tomography(CT),from other respiratory ***,the latest review version identifies chest CT as having a specificity of 80.0%(95%CI:74.9-84.3),which is much higher than the previous version which indicated a specificity of 61.1%(95%CI:42.3-77.1).Therefore,CXR,chest CT and LUS have the potential to be used in conjunction with other methods in the diagnosis of COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 Chest x-ray Computed tomography Lung ultrasound Specificity and sensitivity Diagnostic accuracy

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埃塞俄比亚南部公立医院护士和助产士对关怀行为的感知及关联因素

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2022年第4期9卷 490-495,I0002页

作者： Abreham Assefa Dinkalem Getahun Nathan Desalegn Etenesh Kefelew Wondwosen Molla dawit Getachew Assefa Mesfin Abebe Leku General Hospital Sidama Regional Health BureauHawasaEthiopia School of Nursing College of Medicine and Health SciencesArba Minch UniversityArba MinchEthiopia School of Public Health College of Medicine and Health SciencesArba Minch UniversityArba MinchEthiopia Department of Midwifery College of Medicine and Health SciencesDilla UniversityDillaEthiopia Department of Nursing College of Medicine and Health SciencesDilla UniversityDillaEthiopia

目的本研究旨在评估在埃塞俄比亚哈瓦萨希达莫地区公立医院提供孕产保健服务的护士和助产士对关怀行为的感知及相关因素。方法采用横断面研究设计,对该地区公立医院产科病房的269名护士和助产士进行抽样调查。使用自填问卷收集数据。采... 详细信息

目的本研究旨在评估在埃塞俄比亚哈瓦萨希达莫地区公立医院提供孕产保健服务的护士和助产士对关怀行为的感知及相关因素。方法采用横断面研究设计,对该地区公立医院产科病房的269名护士和助产士进行抽样调查。使用自填问卷收集数据。采用多变量logistic回归分析确定与护士和助产士感知关怀行为关联的因素。结果共261名护士和助产士参与此项调查。依据调查获得的平均得分,将护士和助产士感知关怀行为分为较高和较低水平。本研究中,75.1%(196/261)的护士和助产士感知关怀行为水平较高。调查对象的年龄、职业满意度、个人满意度、助产士/护士-医生关系和工作量与他们的感知关怀行水平存在关联。结论评估护士和助产士的感知关怀行水平和关联因素对提供高质量护理和助产干预至关重要。建议通过减轻护士和助产士的过高工作负荷,改善护士/助产士与医生的关系,并通过表彰和奖励提高他们的工作满意度,来营造积极的关怀氛围,以改善护士和助产士的关怀行为。

关键词：关怀行为埃塞俄比亚孕产保健护理感知

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Effects of environmental modification on the diversity and positivity of anopheline mosquito aquatic habitats at Arjo-Dedessa irrigation development site,Southwest Ethiopia

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第1期9卷 98-98页

作者： dawit Hawaria Assalif Demissew solomon Kibret Ming-Chieh Lee Delenasaw Yewhalaw Guiyun Yan Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Pathology Institute of HealthJimma UniversityJimmaEthiopia 不详 Tropical and Infectious Diseases Research Center(TIDRC) Jimma UniversityJimmaEthiopia

Background:Irrigated agriculture is key to increase agricultural productivity and ensure food security in ***,unintended negative public health impacts(***)of such environmental modification have been a *** study assessed the diversity and distribution of breeding habitats of malaria vector mosquitoes around Arjo-Dedessa irrigation development site in Southwest ***:Anopheline mosquito larvae were surveyed from two agroecosystems,‘irrigated’and‘non-irrigated’areas during the dry(December 2017–February 2018)and wet(June 2018–August 2018)*** habitat diversity and larval abundance were compared between the irrigated and non-irrigated *** association between anopheline mosquito larvae occurrence and environmental parameters was analysed using Pearson *** logistic regression analysis was used to determine primary parameters that influence the occurrence of anopheline ***:Overall,319 aquatic habitats were surveyed during the study *** 60%(n=152)of the habitats were positive for anopheline mosquito larvae,of which 63.8%(n=97)and 36.2%(n=55)were from irrigated and non-irrigated areas,*** number of anopheline positive habitats was two-fold higher in irrigated than non-irrigated *** larval abundance in the irrigated area was 16.6%higher than the non-irrigated ***’s chi-square analysis showed that season(χ2=63.122,df=1,P<0.001),agroecosystem(being irrigated or non-irrigated)(χ2=6.448,df=1,P=0.011),and turbidity(χ2=7.296,df=2,P=0.025)had a significant association with larval anopheline ***:The study showed a higher anopheline mosquito breeding habitat diversity,larval occurrence and abundance in the irrigated than non-irrigated areas in both dry and wet *** indicates that irrigation development activities contribute to proliferation of suitable mosquito breeding habitats that could increase the risk of malaria transmissi

关键词： Anopheline mosquito breeding Mosquito habitat Malaria Irrigation Ethiopia

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Pattern Formation in Tri-Trophic Ratio-Dependent Food Chain Model

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Applied Mathematics 2011年第12期2卷 1507-1514页

作者： dawit Melese Sunita Gakkhar 不详

In this paper, a spatial tri-trophic food chain model with ratio-dependent Michaelis-Menten type functional response under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions is studied. Conditions for Hopf and Turing bifurcation are derived. Sufficient conditions for the emergence of spatial patterns are obtained. The results of numerical simulations reveal the formation of labyrinth patterns and the coexistence of spotted and stripe-like patterns.

关键词： Reaction-Diffusion Equations Hopf Bifurcation Turing Instability Turing Pattern Food Chain

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Determinants of alcohol drinking and its association with sexual practices among high school students in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Cross sectional study

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013年第6期3卷 420-427页

作者： dawit Teshome Teferi Gedif Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy School of Pharmacy College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Introduction: Alcohol drinking and risky sexual practices have become serious public health problem among teenagers and young adults globally, including many developing countries. The available reports are sparse, especially there is a lack of recent and representative data for high school students in developing countries including Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence, identify determinants, and examine the association of alcohol drinking with sexual practices among high school students in Addis Ababa, capital city of Ethiopia. Methods: School based cross sectional study was conducted from November to December 2010. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between students’ background characteristics and alcohol use, and alcohol use and sexual practices. Results: Among 2551 students surveyed, lifetime and current (past month) alcohol drinking was reported by 1166 (45.7%) and 676 (26.5%) students, respectively. Having sexual intercourse at least once in their lifetime was reported by 412 (16.2%) with151 (5.9%) of them being sexually active during a month prior to the survey. Having multiple sexual partners (52.5%), drinking alcohol before sexual intercourse (26.4%), and having sexual intercourse without the use of condom (47.3%) were also common among sexually active students. In adjusted logistic regression model, age (18 and 19 and older), living with 2 parents, getting pocket money, having alcohol drinking friends and attending general secondary school (grade 9-10) were positive predictors of current alcohol drinking. Nergative predictors of current alcohol drinking were being Protestant Christian and living with relatives or siblings. Conclusion: Alcohol drinking before sexual intercourse was a major problem among high school students in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Male gender, older age and higher school grade, friends influence, religious affiliation, living with parents and getting pocket money were s

关键词： Alcohol Sexual Practice High School Addis Ababa Ethiopia

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Global diversity and taxonomy of the Inonotus linteus complex(Hymenochaetales,Basidiomycota):Sanghuangporus ***.,Tropicoporus excentrodendri and *** *** ***.,and 17 new combinations

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Fungal Diversity 2016年第2期77卷 335-347页

作者： Li-Wei Zhou Josef Vlasák Cony Decock Addisu Assefa Jan Stenlid dawit Abate Sheng-Hua Wu Yu-Cheng Dai State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110164China Department of Biology National Museum of Natural ScienceTaichung 404TaiwanRepublic of China Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Branišovská3137005ČeskéBudějoviceCzech Republic Mycothèque de l’Universitécatholique de Louvain(MUCL BCCMTM)Earth and Life Institute–Microbiology(ELIM)Universitécatholique de LouvainCroix du Sud 2 bte L7.05.061348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Department of Biology Madawalabu UniversityP.O B.247Bale RobeEthiopia Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesP.O.B.702675007 UppsalaSweden Department of Microbial Cellular and Molecular BiologyAddis Ababa UniversityP.O.B.1176Addis AbabaEthiopia

Although Inonotus linteus complex is placed in the genusInonotus,its perennial basidiocarps with a dimitic hyphal system,at least in the trama,distinguish the complex from other species in the genus,which have an annual habit and a monomitic hyphal *** species number of Inonotus linteus complex has been increased in China and tropical America in recent ***,whether species in this complex belong to Inonotus has not specifically been ad*** explore the phylogenetic placement of species of Inonotus linteus complex,we performed a comprehensive study using morphological and phylogenetic data based on global ***(53 with 13 new)and ITS(70 with 18 new)datasets were used to produce the phylogenetic *** into consideration the phylogenies inferred from the nLSU and ITS datasets,Inonotus is a polyphyletic genus comprising at least three *** A,the core Inonotus clade,contains the generic type,Inonotus hispidus,while Clades B and C comprise species from the Inonotus linteus *** and phylogenetic evidence indicates that Clades B and C are new genera,and Sanghuangporus and Tropicoporus are introduced in this *** species are transferred to Sanghuangporus and seven to *** excentrodendri and *** *** described,and their distinctive characters are *** to the two new genera and the Inonotus sensu stricto,and to species of each new genus are provided.

关键词： Polypore Hymenochaetaceae Morphology nLSU ITS

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