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Landslide on glaciers: an example from Western Alps(Cogne-Italy)

Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第5期17卷 1161-1171页

作者： FRASCA Marco VACHA Damiano CHICCO Jessica TROILO Fabrizio BERTOLO davide Fondazione Montagna Sicura Localita Villard de la Palud 111013 CourmayeurAostaItaly Universita degli Studi di Torino Department of Earth SciencesVia Valperga Caluso 3510125 TorinoItaly Regione Autonoma Valle d'Aosta-Assessorato alle opere pubbliche territorio ed edilizia residenziale pubblicaLocalita Ameriquen.3311020 QuartAostaItaly

In the warm summer of 2017,a landslide failed from the south-east side of the Col des Clochettes on the top of the underlying Trajo *** study area is at an elevation of about 3500 m *** the Gran Paradiso Massif and can be hardly reached by walking from Cogne(Aosta Valley,NW Italy).Studies conducted by field surveys,photogrammetry(structure from motion)and satellite images analysis,integrated with the evaluation of data from meteorological stations have been used to reconstruct the phenomenon and infer its *** site is very complex to be studied especially due to logistic problems,therefore,measurements and observations that are common practice in other landslides are very difficult to apply ***,many of the results achieved are not adequately supported by field ***,the following factors could have affected the stability of the slope:i)the tectonic structure of the area,which is reflected on the morphology and on the geomechanics characteristics of the rock masses;ii)the meteorological conditions during 3 months before the main failure,resulting in an extremely high temperature compared to historical ***,the analysis of multitemporal satellite images allowed to recognize that it was not a single landslide but that the phenomenon is articulated over time in at least five failures in about 2 ***,several predisposing factors may have been playing an important role in causing the instability:the degradation of permafrost(probably affecting rock mass due to the circulation of warm air and water in the discontinuity systems),the alternance of the freeze-thaw cycles and the availability of a considerable amount of water from rainfalls and nival fusion infiltrating deeply in the rock *** common causes such as rains and earthquakes have been excluded.

关键词： Landslide Glacier Remote sensing Climate changes Western Italian Alps

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Digital twin-and extended reality-based telepresence for collaborative robot programming in the 6G perspective

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 315-327页

作者： davide Calandra F.Gabriele Pratticò Alberto Cannavò Claudio Casetti Fabrizio Lamberti Politecnico di Torino Department of Control and Computer EngineeringCorso Duca Degli Abruzzi2410129TurinItaly

In the context of Industry 4.0,a paradigm shift from traditional industrial manipulators to Collaborative Robots(CRs)is ongoing,with the latter serving ever more closely humans as auxiliary tools in many production *** this scenario,continuous technological advancements offer new opportunities for further innovating robotics and other areas of next-generation *** example,6G could play a prominent role due to its human-centric view of the industrial *** particular,its expected dependability features will pave the way for new applications exploiting highly effective Digital Twin(DT)-and eXtended Reality(XR)-based *** this work,a novel application for the above technologies allowing two distant users to collaborate in the programming of a CR is *** approach encompasses demanding data flows(e.g.,point cloud-based streaming of collaborating users and robotic environment),with network latency and bandwidth *** obtained by analyzing this approach from the viewpoint of network requirements in a setup designed to emulate 6G connectivity indicate that the expected performance of forthcoming mobile networks will make it fully feasible in principle.

关键词： 6G Digital twin Telepresence Collaborative robots Industry 4.0 Augmented reality Virtual reality Point cloud streaming

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Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Cavity/Mean-Flow Interaction in Low Pressure Axial Flow Turbines

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第6期30卷 2178-2185页

作者： BARSI Dario COSTA Carlo LENGANI davide SIMONI Daniele VENTURINO Giulio ZUNINO Pietro DIME-Universita di Genova Via Montallegro 11-16145 Genova

The increasing performance of modern aeroengines led the research towards the optimization of machine components not deeply analyzed in the *** this context,the mechanisms driving the interaction process between the secondary flows evolving at the hub of low-pressure turbines with the rotor-stator cavity systems have been poorly investigated in the *** this work,an experimental and numerical analysis of the interaction between the endwall near wall flow and the leakage flow of a real cavity system is *** experimental results were carried out in the annular low-pressure axial flow turbine of the University of *** blade loading and pressure distributions into the cavity,as well as the measured total pressure loss coefficient,have been used for a proper validation of CFD *** steady and unsteady calculations were carried out through the commercial solver ***,several numerical approaches have been tested into this work:RANS,Non Linear Harmonic(NLH),and *** most promising CFD techniques have been firstly identified by comparison with experimental results and then systematically employed to extend the analysis of secondary flow-cavity flow interaction to positions and quantities not available from the *** characterizing the mean flow-cavity flow interaction process will be shown to cover a great amount of the overall stage losses and should be properly accounted for the design of future optimized cavity configurations.

关键词： axial flow turbine cavity mean-flow interaction experimental analysis CFD

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Velocity profiles description and shape factors inclusion in a hyperbolic,one-dimensional,transient two-fluid model for stratified and slug flow simulations in pipes

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Petroleum 2019年第2期5卷 191-198页

作者： Arianna Bonzanini davide Picchi Marco Ferrari Pietro Poesio Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica ed Industriale Universita degli Studi di BresciaVia Branze3825123BresciaItaly Energy Resources Engineering Stanford UniversityStanford94305CAUnited States Department of Mathematics Politecnico di Milanop.zza Leonardo da Vinci3220133MilanItaly

In a previous work it has been shown that a one-dimensional,hyperbolic,transient five equations twofluid model is able to numerically describe stratified,wavy,and slug flow in horizontal and nearhorizontal *** statistical characteristics can be numerically predicted with results in good agreement with experimental data and well-known empirical *** this model some approximated and simplified assumptions are adopted to describe shear stresses at wall and at phase *** this paper,we focus on the possibility to account for the cross sectional flow by inserting shape factors into the momentum balance equations of the aforementioned *** profiles are obtained by a pre-integrated model and they are computed at each time step and at each computational *** that the velocity profiles are known,the obtained shape factors are inserted in the numerical *** this way it is possible to recover part of the information lost due to the one-dimensional flow *** profiles computed in stratified conditions are compared against experimental profiles measured by PIV technique;a method to compute the velocity profile during slug initiation and growth has been developed and the computed velocity distribution in the liquid phase was compared against the one-seventh power law.

关键词： Multi-phase pipeline transport Oil&gas Hyperbolic two-fluid model Velocity profiles Shape factors

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Characterizing the influence of stress-induced microcracks on the laboratory strength and fracture development in brittle rocks using a finite-discrete element method-micro discrete fracture network FDEM-μDFN approach

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2015年第6期7卷 609-625页

作者： Pooya Hamdi Doug Stead davide Elmo Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive NBK Institute of Mining Engineering University of British Columbia

Heterogeneity is an inherent component of rock and may be present in different forms including mineralheterogeneity, geometrical heterogeneity, weak grain boundaries and micro-defects. Microcracks areusually observed in crystalline rocks in two forms： natural and stress-induced; the amount of stressinducedmicrocracking increases with depth and in-situ stress. Laboratory results indicate that thephysical properties of rocks such as strength, deformability, P-wave velocity and permeability areinfluenced by increase in microcrack intensity. In this study, the finite-discrete element method （FDEM）is used to model microcrack heterogeneity by introducing into a model sample sets of microcracks usingthe proposed micro discrete fracture network （mDFN） approach. The characteristics of the microcracksrequired to create mDFN models are obtained through image analyses of thin sections of Lac du Bonnetgranite adopted from published literature. A suite of two-dimensional laboratory tests including uniaxial,triaxial compression and Brazilian tests is simulated and the results are compared with laboratory *** FDEM-mDFN models indicate that micro-heterogeneity has a profound influence on both the mechanicalbehavior and resultant fracture pattern. An increase in the microcrack intensity leads to areduction in the strength of the sample and changes the character of the rock strength envelope. Spallingand axial splitting dominate the failure mode at low confinement while shear failure is the dominantfailure mode at high confinement. Numerical results from simulated compression tests show thatmicrocracking reduces the cohesive component of strength alone, and the frictional strength componentremains unaffected. Results from simulated Brazilian tests show that the tensile strength is influenced bythe presence of microcracks, with a reduction in tensile strength as microcrack intensity increases. Theimportance of microcrack heterogeneity in reproducing a bi-linear or S-shape failure

关键词： Finite-discrete element method(FDEM) Micro discrete fracture network(μDFN) Brittle fracture

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Non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with alcoholic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第39期21卷 11044-11052页

作者： Rosa Lombardi Elena Buzzetti davide Roccarina Emmanuel A Tsochatzis Sheila Sherlock Liver Unit and UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health Royal Free Hospital and UCL

Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) consists of a broad spectrum of disorders, ranging from simple steatosisto alcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Fatty liver develops in more than 90% of heavy drinkers, however only 30%-35% of them develop more advanced forms of ALD. Therefore, even if the current "gold standard" for the assessment of the stage of alcohol-related liver injury is histology, liver biopsy is not reasonable in all patients who present with ALD. Currently, although several non-invasive fibrosis markers have been suggested as alternatives to liver biopsy in patients with ALD, none has been sufficiently validated. As described in other liver disease, the diagnostic accuracy of such tests in ALD is acceptable for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis or cirrhosis but not for lesser fibrosis stages. Existing data suggest that the use of noninvasive tests could be tailored to first tier screening of patients at risk, in order to diagnose early patients with progressive liver disease and offer targeted interventions for the prevention of decompensation. We review these tests and critically appraise the existing evidence.

关键词： Transient elastography Cirrhosis Prognosis Histolo

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Extending OpenStack Monasca for Predictive Elasticity Control

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 315-339页

作者： Giacomo Lanciano Filippo Galli Tommaso Cucinotta davide Bacciu Andrea Passarella Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa 56126Italy the Real-Time Systems Laboratory(RETIS) TelecommunicationsComputer Engineeringand Photonics Institute(TeCIP)Scuola Superiore Sant’AnnaPisa 56127Italy Department of Computer Science University of PisaPisa 56127Italy National Research Council Pisa56127Italy

Traditional auto-scaling approaches are conceived as reactive automations,typically triggered when predefined thresholds are breached by resource consumption *** such rules at scale is cumbersome,especially when resources require non-negligible time to be *** paper introduces an architecture for predictive cloud operations,which enables orchestrators to apply time-series forecasting techniques to estimate the evolution of relevant metrics and take decisions based on the predicted state of the *** this way,they can anticipate load peaks and trigger appropriate scaling actions in advance,such that new resources are available when *** proposed architecture is implemented in OpenStack,extending the monitoring capabilities of Monasca by injecting short-term forecasts of standard *** use our architecture to implement predictive scaling policies leveraging on linear regression,autoregressive integrated moving average,feed-forward,and recurrent neural networks(RNN).Then,we evaluate their performance on a synthetic workload,comparing them to those of a traditional *** assess the ability of the different models to generalize to unseen patterns,we also evaluate them on traces from a real content delivery network(CDN)*** particular,the RNN model exhibites the best overall performance in terms of prediction error,observed client-side response latency,and forecasting *** implementation of our architecture is open-source.

关键词： OpenStack monitoring elasticity control auto-scaling predictive operations Monasca

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Alternative stable states in mountain forest ecosystems： the case of European larch(Larix decidua) forests in the western Alps

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第5期14卷 811-822页

作者： Jose V.MORIS Giorgio VACCHIANO davide ASCOLI Renzo MOTTA University of Turin DISAFALargo Paolo Braccini 210095 Grugliasco(TO)Italy

European larch(Larix decidua) forests of the western Alps form extensivecultural landscapes whose resilience to global changes is currently unknown. Resilience describes the capacity of ecological systems to maintain the same state, i.e., the same function, processes, structure, and composition despite disturbances, environmental changes and internal fluctuations. Our aim is to explore the resilience of larch forests to changes in climate and land use in the western Italian *** do so, we examined whether larch forests can be described as an alternative stable state in mountain forest ecosystems. We used tree basal area data obtained from field forest inventories in combination with topography, forest structure, land use, and climate information. We applied three different probabilistic methods: frequency distributions, logistic regressions, and potential analyses to infer the resilience of larch forests relative to that of other forest *** found patters indicative of alternative stable states: bimodality in the frequency distribution of the percent of larch basal area, and the presence of an unstable state, i.e., mixed larch forests, in the potential analyses. We also found:(1) high frequency ofpurelarchforestsathighelevation,(2)the probability of pure larch forests increased mostly with elevation, and(3) pure larch forests were a stable state in the upper montane and subalpine *** study shows that the resilience of larch forests may increase with elevation, most likely due to the altitudinal effect on climate. Under the same climate conditions, land use seems to be the main factor governing the dominance of larch forests. In fact, subalpine larch forests may be more resilient, and natural succession after land abandonment, e.g., towards Pinuscembra forests, seems slower than in montane larch forests. In contrast, in the upper montane belt only intense land use regimes characterized by open canopies and forest grazing may maintain larch *** con

关键词： Resilience Ecosystem bistability Elevation Land use Natural succession Pinuscembra European larch

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Snow gliding and loading under two different forest stands: a case study in the north-western Italian Alps

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 633-642页

作者： davide Viglietti Margherita Maggioni Enrico Bruno Ermanno Zanini Michele Freppaz University of Torino-Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Forestalie Alimentari and NatRisk-LNSA Via L.

The presence of a thick snowpack could interfere with forest stability, especially on steep slopes with potential damages for young and old stands. The study of snow gliding in forests is rather complex be- cause this phenomenon could be influenced not only by forest features, but also by snow/soil interface characteristics, site morphology, meteoro- logical conditions and snow physical properties. Our starting hypothesis is that different forest stands have an influence on the snowpack evolu- tion and on the temperature and moisture at the snow/soil interface, which subsequently could affect snow gliding processes and snow forces. The aim of this work is therefore to analyse the snowpack evolution and snow gliding movements under different forest covers, in order to deter- mine the snow forces acting on single trees.

关键词： snow/soil interface temperature water content snow forces trees

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Strategies of Vertical Product Extension:Effects,Risks and Opportunities in the Luxury Automotive Market in China

Strategies of Vertical Product Extension:Effects,Risks and O...

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作者： davide SFRECOLA 复旦大学

学位级别：硕士

垂直的产品扩展策略是在市场上推出新产品。新的扩展属于相同的产品类别为核心的品牌,但在不同的质量和价格点。启动扩展在市场上是一个战略决策,通过一些新的和有吸引力的战略决策。如进军新的细分市场的不同需求驱动,满足竞争对手的... 详细信息

垂直的产品扩展策略是在市场上推出新产品。新的扩展属于相同的产品类别为核心的品牌,但在不同的质量和价格点。启动扩展在市场上是一个战略决策,通过一些新的和有吸引力的战略决策。如进军新的细分市场的不同需求驱动,满足竞争对手的产品或保持品牌的忠诚度。此类行动战略背后是强制执行的可能性,充分利用令人难以置信的大量企业内部的自身所产生的协同作用：有形资产和无形资产深深协同,追求和实现向上或向下延伸策略。上述策略代表一种普遍的做法,在市场上的学术研究主要研究了成熟市场的关联效应和风险这些行动。垂直产品扩展是一个熟悉汽车行业的战略,但它只是在最近,一直是豪华汽车制造商正试图通过这样的方法,新的细分市场渗透。本研究从一个非常重要的问题：在一个豪华车品牌在中国的产品纵向延伸的情况下会发生什么?一直在中国汽车行业在过去十年涨再涨。它一直自2009年以来,虽然单位在生产汽车,克服了美国和日本的总和。2009年本土品牌的生产占44.3%而其余的主要由国外生产商生产(大众第一,.通用汽车公司和日本OEM)通过与中国公司合资成立了自己的操作。国内市场一直占最大的一部分,最近对焦出口(主要销往新兴经济体在2012年的100万台)的销售。豪车一般都是合资公司和本土公司一起经营的,在偏好进口车的市场里豪车仍然只占很小的份量。客户对品牌的态度思考实施纵向延伸战略时需要考虑的关键。它会影响操作有助于确定客户新产品的接受程度的成功的可能性。的影响,品牌资产的稀释和蚕食的主要风险分析和连接的研究重点也尝试研究如何抓住中国市场提供的机会。调查可以了解产品的针对性和品牌相关性和他们的购买决策过程的相对重要性之间存在的关系。希思,德尔维奇奥和麦卡锡的模型是用于检查的不对称对品牌权益的影响情况下,向上或向下垂直产品延伸,从而确定变量分析,理解,如果延伸策略最适合精确的品牌。主要品牌支柱,将被视为是品牌态度(对品牌的换位思考),品牌的声望(品牌能精确的传达精英主义的感觉)的品牌信誉,品牌创新性(对创新和创造力的倾向)和品牌的专业知识(品牌协会的质量和性能) 。向上扩展和向下扩展的效果最不对称性在离开时被发现几乎没有不对称的品牌信誉,品牌的专业知识和品牌创新的支柱。更多的相关品牌在某一特定客户的感知,延长降压的影响就越大由此造成的不对称性降低。更深层次的客户的复杂性,更不对称的影响扩展***还发现,品牌信誉是最有影响力的帐户实施扩展战略时必须考虑到的因素。关于拆的考虑可以更好地了解中国汽车动态,并可能建议未来的研究领域。

关键词：战略产品延伸豪华轿车中国市场

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