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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 50-74页

作者： Penelope Lindsay Kyle w.Swentowsky david Jackson Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring HarborNY 11724USA National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei430070China

Meristems are stem cell-containing structures that produce all plant organs and are therefore important targets for crop *** regulators control the balance and rate of cell divisions within the *** these regulators impacts meristem architecture and,as a consequence,plant *** this review,we discuss genes involved in regulating the shoot apical meristem,inflorescence meristem,axillary meristem,root apical meristem,and vascular cambium in *** highlight several examples showing how crop breeders have manipulated developmental regulators to modify meristem growth and alter crop traits such as inflorescence size and branching *** transformation techniques are another innovation related to plant meristem research because they make crop genome engineering *** discuss recent advances on plant transformation made possible by studying genes controlling meristem ***,we conclude with discussions about how meristem research can contribute to crop improvement in the coming decades.

关键词： meristem crop improvement plant transformation plant breeding crop yield gene editing

Origins of perturbations in dayside equatorial ground magnetograms

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 215-221页

作者： Syau-Yun w.Hsieh david G.Sibeck The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMarylandUSA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMarylandUSA

To determine the cause(s)of perturbations seen in dayside equatorial ground magnetograms,we conducted a systematic survey of simultaneous ground-based and geosynchronous satellite-based observations during the 90-day period from December 1,2020 to February 28,*** examined Huancayo ground magnetometer observations from 14:00:00 to 20:00:00 UT each day,during which Huancayo passed through local *** those data we chose perturbation events selected on the basis of large(>20 nT)event amplitude and classified the selected events as responding primarily to solar wind pressure,or to variations in the north/south component of the interplanetary magnetic field(IMF Bz),or perhaps in part to *** results show that an equivalent number of events were identified for each model during this 90-day *** in the lagged solar wind dynamic pressure routinely correspond to nearly simultaneous sudden impulses recorded at both geosynchronous orbit and on the *** in IMF Bz produce erosion signatures at geosynchronous orbit and can correspond to ground events if lag times for reconnection to enhance convection in the magnetosphere are taken into account.

关键词： dayside magnetosphere dayside equatorial ionosphere geosynchronous magnetic field

A Dynamic Network Game of the Fintech Industry

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 5-33页

作者： david w.K.Yeung Leon A.Petrosyan Ying-Xuan Zhang SRS Consortium for Advanced Study in Cooperative Dynamic Games Shue Yan UniversityHong KongChina Center of Game Theory St Petersburg State UniversitySaint PetersburgRussia Department of Finance Asia UniversityTaichung CityTaiwanChina Faculty of Applied Mathematics-Control Processes and Center of Game Theory St Petersburg StateUniversitySaint PetersburgRussia

Economies of scale,economies of scope,and technology spillover are decisive eco-nomic elements that are crucial to the development in the Fintech *** externalities are often realized through network *** this paper,we presenta dynamic network ofﬁnancialﬁrms which exhibits these decisive *** game equilibria are characterized.A Pareto efﬁcient solution involving col-laboration of allﬁrms is *** obtain a fair-share distribution of cooperativegains,the Shapley value is adopted as the sharing *** distributionmechanisms which guarantee the fulﬁlment of the Shapley value distribution in eachstage of the cooperation duration are derived.

关键词： Network game Network equilibria Shapley value Pareto efﬁcientcooperation

Role of homologous recombination/recombineering on human adenovirus genome engineering:Not the only but the most competent solution

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Engineering Microbiology 2024年第1期4卷 90-107页

作者： Lisa-Marie Dawson Montaha Alshawabkeh Katrin Schröer Fatima Arakrak Anja ehrhardt wenli Zhang Virology and Microbiology Center for Biomedical Education and Research(ZBAF)School of MedicineFaculty of HealthWitten/Herdecke UniversityStockumer Str.1058453 WittenGermany

Adenoviruses typically cause mild illnesses,but severe diseases may occur primarily in immunodeficient individuals,particularly ***,adenoviruses have garnered significant interest as a versatile tool in gene therapy,tumor treatment,and vaccine vector *** the past two decades,the advent of recombineering,a method based on homologous recombination,has notably enhanced the utility of adenoviral vectors in therapeutic *** review summarizes recent advancements in the use of human adenoviral vectors in medicine and discusses the pivotal role of recombineering in the development of these ***,it highlights the current achievements and potential future impact of therapeutic adenoviral vectors.

关键词： Adenoviral vector Gene therapy Homologous recombination Oncolytic virus Vaccine vector

Coating powder beds with liquids and foams based on viscous formulations using a twin screw mixer:A continuous process study

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 364-376页

作者： Mohamed S.Manga Dimitrios Kontziampasis Mustafa Al-Maqdad Sean Clifford Serafim Bakalis david w.York School of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK School of Science and Engineering University of DundeeDD14HNDundeeScotlandUK Dundee International Institute of Central South University Tongzipo RoadCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410013China Department of Chemical Engineering School of EngineeringUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNE17RUUK School of Chemical Engineering University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNG72RDUK

Coating with viscous formulations has been essential in numerous industries as it can be a means for providing functionalization, additional properties, as well as other benefits. However, there have been scarce studies that have investigated and proposed methodologies in literature. Continuous coating of powders with viscous liquids poses as a promising technology, which has been mentioned in some studies, but has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This paper employs the use of image processing and analysis, in combination with statistical analysis of particles to evaluate the effectiveness of foams and liquids as a means of coating powder beds. Two different sizes of twin screw mixers that are working in continuous operation are employed, and a new continuous foaming device is fabricated and used for the experiments of coating. The effect of materials and process parameters (as for example rotational speed, and flowrate) on the quality of coating are investigated. Image analysis is used to assess the coating quality. The results clearly showcase the potential of using twin screw mixers for coating purposes and not only for mixing. The hypothesis that using large bubble foams to improve the coating of viscous liquids on particles is proven correct, as they provide higher quality coatings compared to their equivalent liquids, when used in the twin screw mixer. Surprisingly, using a larger scale twin screw mixer, does not show a substantial effect on the mixing, regarding quality, however there is still a requirement for mix optimization for achieving scale-up of this process. These results provide a new pathway for coating powders with viscous formulations in industrial applications, requiring less energy and effort in this process, and can pave the way towards introducing more sustainable industrial methodologies for coating.

关键词： Powder coating Continuous processing Viscous liquid Foam Image analysis Positron emission particle traking(PEPT)

Superexchange and charge transfer in the nickelate superconductor La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7) under pressure

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 1-8页

作者： wéi wú Zhihui Luo Dao-Xin Yao Meng wang Center for Neutron Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and DevicesSchool of PhysicsSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

Recently, a bulk nickelate superconductor La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7) is discovered at pressures with a remarkable high transition temperature T_(c)~ 80 K. Here, we study a Hubbard model with tight-binding parameters derived from ab initio calculations of La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7),by employing large scale determinant quantum Monte Carlo and cellular dynamical mean-field theory. Our result suggests that the superexchange couplings in this system are comparable to that of cuprates. The system is a charge transfer insulator as the hole concentration becomes four per site at large Hubbard U. Upon hole doping, two low-energy spin-singlet bands emerge in the system exhibiting distinct correlation properties: while the one composed of the out-of-plane Ni-d_(3z^(2)-r^(2)) and O-p_(z) orbitals demonstrates strong antiferromagnetic correlations and narrow effective bandwidth, the in-plane singlet band consisting of the Ni-d_(x^(2)-y^(2)) and O-p_(x)/p_(y) orbitals is in general more itinerant. Over a broad range of hole doping, the doped holes occupy primarily the d_(x^(2)-y^(2)) and p_(x)/p_(y) orbitals, whereas the d_(3z^(2)-r^(2)) and p_(z) orbitals retain underdoped. we propose an effective t-J model to capture the relevant physics and discuss the implications of our result for comprehending the La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7) superconductivity.

关键词： superconductivity nickelate superconductors Hubbard model superexchange charge transfer insulator quantum Monte Carlo

LPA_(1) antagonist-derived LNPs deliver A20 mRNA and promote anti-fibrotic activities

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9095-9102页

作者： Jingyue Yan Diana D.Kang Chang wang Xucheng Hou Shi Du Siyu wang Yonger Xue Zhengwei Liu Haoyuan Li Yichen Zhong Binbin Deng david w.McComb Yizhou Dong Division of Pharmaceutics&Pharmacology College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Icahn Genomics Institute Precision Immunology InstituteDepartment of Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartment of Oncological SciencesTisch Cancer InstituteBiomedical Engineering and Imaging InstituteFriedman Brain InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029USA Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43212USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Activated fibroblasts are major mediators of pulmonary *** are generally found in the connective tissue but upon activation can generate excess extracellular matrix(ECM)in the lung interstitial ***,fibroblasts are one of the most targeted cells for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF).Here,we develop an anti-fibrotic platform that can modulate both the lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1(LPA_(1))and the inflammatory pathway through tumor necrosis factorα-induced protein 3(TNFAIP3,also known as A20)in ***,we synthesized a series of LPA_(1) antagonists,AM095 and AM966,derived amino lipids(LA lipids)which were formulated into LA-lipid nanoparticles(LA-LNPs)encapsulating ***,LA5-LNPs,with AM966 head group and biodegradable acetal lipid tails,showed efficient A20 mRNA delivery to lung fibroblasts in vitro(80.2%±1.5%)and ex vivo(17.2%±0.4%).when treated to primary mouse lung fibroblasts(MLF),this formulation inhibited fibroblast migration and collagen production,thereby slowing the progression of ***,LA5-LNPs encapsulated with A20 mRNA is a novel platform offering a potential approach to regulate fibroblast activation for the treatment of IPF.

关键词： lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1(LPA_(1))antagonist tumor necrosis factorα-induced protein 3(A20) lung fibrosis lipid nanoparticles mRNA

Macroalgal deep genomics illuminate multiple paths to aquatic,photosynthetic multicellularity

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 747-771页

作者： david R.Nelson Alexandra Mystikou Ashish Jaiswal Cecilia Rad-Menendez Michael J.Preston Frederik De Boever Diana C.El Assal Sarah Daakour Michael w.Lomas Jean-Claude Twizere david H.Green william C.Ratcliff Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani Division of Science and Math New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Center for Genomics and Systems Biology(CGSB) New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Biotechnology Research Center Technology Innovation InstitutePO Box 9639Masdar CityAbu DhabiUAE Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa Scottish Association for Marine ScienceObanScotlandUK National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast BoothbayMEUSA Laboratory of Viral Interactomes GIGA InstituteUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Macroalgae are multicellular,aquatic autotrophs that play vital roles in global climate maintenance and have diverse applications in biotechnology and eco-engineering,which are directly linked to their multicellularity ***,their genomic diversity and the evolutionary mechanisms underlying multicellularity in these organisms remain *** this study,we sequenced 110 macroalgal genomes from diverse climates and phyla,and identified key genomic features that distinguish them from their microalgal *** for cell adhesion,extracellular matrix formation,cell polarity,transport,and cell differentiation distinguish macroalgae from microalgae across all three major phyla,constituting conserved and unique gene sets supporting multicellular *** genes show phylum-and climate-specific expansions that may facilitate niche ***,our study reveals genetic determinants of convergent and divergent evolutionary trajectories that have shaped morphological diversity in macroalgae and provides genome-wide frameworks to understand photosynthetic multicellular evolution in aquatic environments.

关键词： macroalgae multicellularity comparative genomics evolution adhesome endogenous viral elements

Superplasticity of fine-grained Mg-10Li alloy prepared by severe plastic deformation and understanding its deformation mechanisms

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 316-331页

作者： H.T.Jeong S.w.Lee w.J.Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

The superplastic behavior and associated deformation mechanisms of a fine-grained Mg-10.1 Li-0.8Al-0.6Zn alloy(LAZ1011)with a grain size of 3.2μm,primarily composed of the BCCβphase and a small amount of the HCPαphase,were examined in a temperature range of 473 K to 623 *** microstructural refinement of this alloy was achieved by employing high-ratio differential speed *** best superplasticity was achieved at 523 K and at strain rates of 10^(-4)-5×10^(-4)s^(-1),where tensile elongations of 550±600%were *** the heating and holding stage of the tensile samples prior to tensile loading,a significant increase in grain size was observed at temperatures above 573 ***,it was important to consider this effect when analyzing and understanding the superplastic deformation behavior and *** the investigated strain rate range,the superplastic flow at low strain rates was governed by lattice diffusion-controlled grain boundary sliding,while at high strain rates,lattice diffusion-controlled dislocation climb creep was the rate-controlling deformation *** was concluded that solute drag creep is unlikely to *** the late stages of deformation at 523 K,it was observed that grain boundary sliding led to the agglomeration of theαphase,resulting in significant strain *** mechanism maps were constructed forβ-Mg-Li alloys in the form of 2D and 3D formats as a function of strain rate,stress,temperature,and grain size,using the constitutive equations for various deformation mechanisms derived based on the data of the current tests.

关键词： Magnesium-lithium alloy Superplasticity Severe plastic deformation Grain size Grain growth