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some Approaches to Corpus stylistics

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外国语 2010年第2期33卷 67-81页

作者： david l. Hoover New York University U. S. A

This article explores some ways that corpus stylistics can be valuable to literary studies. Corpus study is full of surprises and the examples of serendipitous insights presented here suggest that corpus stylistics can be valuable as a discovery technique a way to uncover unexpected questions and insights. By providing access to evidence that has never been available before it can also strengthen and deepen traditional literary and stylistic analysis. specially created literary corpora facilitate the investigation of style variation within a single text or a group of related texts. Creating a corpus of epistolary novels makes it possible to compare how well different authors succeed in creating different voices for their letter-writers. Treating a single epistolary novel or a novel with multiple narrators as a corpus makes it is possible to explore the degree to which an author has succeed in creating distinct individual voices within a novel. Huge natural language corpora and web searches can be used in a very different kind of corpus stylistics providing access to novel kinds of tangible and persuasive evidence that can supplement or correct literary intuition.

关键词：语言学语言艺术词汇语言研究

Concurrent optimization of structural topology and infill properties with a CBF-based level set method

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2019年第2期14卷 171-189页

作者： long JIANG Yang GUO shikui CHEN Peng wei Na lEI Xianfeng david GU Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of New York at Stony BrookStony BrookNY 11794USA Department of Computer science State University of New York at Stony BrookStony BrookNY 11794USA state Key laboratory of subtropical Building science School of Civil Engineering and TransportationSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China DUT-RU International school of Information science&Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116620China

In this paper,a parametric level-set-based topology optimization framework is proposed to concurrently optimize the structural topology at the macroscale and the effective infill properties at the micro/meso *** concurrent optimization is achieved by a computational framework combining a new parametric level set approach with mathematical *** the proposed framework,both the structural boundary evolution and the effective infill property optimization can be driven by mathematical programming,which is more advantageous compared with the conventional partial differential equatiodriven level set ***,the proposed approach will be more efficient in handling nonlinear problems with multiple *** of using radial basis functions(RBF),in this paper,we propose to construct a new type of cardinal basis functions(CBF)for the level set function *** proposed CBF parameterization ensures an explicit impose of the lower and upper bounds of the design *** overcomes the intrinsic disadvantage of the conventional RBF-based parametric level set method,where the lower and upper bounds of the design variables oftentimes have to be set by trial and error;A variational distance regularization method is utilized in this research to regularize the level set function to be a desired distanceregularized *** the distance information embedded in the level set model,the wrapping boundary layer and the interior infill region can be naturally *** isotropic infill achieved via the mesoscale topology optimization is conformally fit into the wrapping boundary layer using the shape-preserving conformal mapping method,which leads to a hierarchical physical structure with optimized overall topology and effective infill *** proposed method is expected to provide a timely solution to the increasing demand for multiscale and multifunctional structure design.

关键词： concurrent topology optimization parametric level set method cardinal basis function shell-infill structure design confonnal mapping

Joint arthroplasty Perioperative surgical Home:Impact of patient characteristics on postoperative outcomes

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第6期7卷 376-382页

作者： Duy l Phan Kyle Ahn Joseph B Rinehart Michael-david Calderon wei-Der Wu Ran schwarzkopf Department of Orthopaedic surgery Universityof California Irvine Medical Center Department of Anesthesiology University of CaliforniaIrvine Medical Center Division of Adult Reconstruction Departmentof Orthopaedic Surgery New York University Langone Medical Center

AIM:To determine the impact of different characteristics on postoperative outcomes for patients in a joint arthroplasty Perioperative surgical Home(PsH) ***:A retrospective review was performed for patients enrolled in a joint arthroplasty PsH program who had undergone primary total hip arthroplasty(THA) and total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Patients were preoperatively stratified based on specific procedure performed,age,gender,body mass index(BMI),American society of Anesthesiologists Physical Classification system(AsA) score,and Charleston Comorbidity Index(CCI) *** primary outcome criterion was hospital length of stay(lOs).secondary criteria including operative room(OR) duration,trans-fusion rate,Post-Anesthesia Care Unit(PACU) stay,readmission rate,post-operative complications,and discharge *** each outcome,the predictor variables were entered into a generalized linear model with appropriate response and assessed for predictive relationship to the dependent *** level was set to ***:A total of 337 patients,200 in the TKA cohort and 137 in the THA cohort,were eligible for the *** two-third of patients were *** age averaged 64 years and preoperative BMI averaged 29 kg/*** majority of patients were AsA score Ⅲ and CCI score *** analysis,AsA score was the only variable predictive for lOs(P = 0.0011) and each increase in AsA score above 2 increased lOs by approximately 0.5 *** score was also the only variable predictive for readmission rate(P = 0.0332).BMI was the only variable predictive for PACU duration(P = 0.0136).specific procedure performed,age,gender,and CCI score were not predictive for any of the outcome *** duration,transfusion rate,postoperative complications or discharge disposition were not significantly associated with any of the predictor ***:The joint arthroplasty PsH model reduces postoperative outcome variability for patients with different preo

关键词： Perioperative surgical Home Arthroplasty length of stay American society of Anesthesiologists Physical Classification system Body mass index

Patient perceptions of stool DNA testing for pan-digestive cancer screening:A survey questionnaire

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第17期20卷 4972-4979页

作者： Dennis Yang shauna l Hillman Ann M Harris Pamela s sinicrope Mary E Devens david A Ahlquist Department of Internal Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States Division of Biostatistics Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States survey Research Center Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States

AIM: To explore patient interest in a potential multi-organ stool-DNA test (MUsT) for pan-digestive cancer screening.

关键词： stool-DNA testing Colorectal cancer screening Gastrointestinal cancer screening Patient perceptions

Regulating the morphology of fluorinated non-fullerene acceptor and polymer donor via binary solvent mixture for high efficiency polymer solar cells

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science China Chemistry 2019年第9期62卷 1221-1229页

作者： Mengxue Chen Zhuohan Zhang wei li Jinlong Cai Jiangsheng Yu Emma l. K. spooner Rachel C. Kilbride Donghui li Baocai Du Robert s. Gurney Dan liu weihua Tang david G. lidzey Tao Wang school of Materials science and Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China state Key laboratory of silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China school of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7RH UK

Fluorinated non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs) usually have planar backbone and a higher tendency to crystallize compared to their non-fluorinated counterparts, which leads to enhanced charge mobility in organic solar cells(OsCs). However, this selforganization behavior may result in excessive phase separation with electron donors and thereby deteriorate device ***, we demonstrate an effective approach to tune the molecular organization of a fluorinated NFA(INPIC-4 F), and its phase separation with the donor PBDB-T, by varying the casting solvent. A prolonged film drying time encourages the crystallization of INPIC-4 F into spherulites and consequently results in excessive phase separation, leading to a low device power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 8.1%. Contrarily, a drying time leads to fine mixed domains with inefficient charge transport properties,resulting in a moderate device PCE of 11.4%. An intermediate film drying time results in the formation of face-on π-π stacked PBDB-T and INPIC-4 F domains with continuous phase-separated networks, which facilitates light absorption, exciton dissociation as well as balanced charge transport towards the electrode, and achieves a remarkable PCE of 13.1%. This work provides a rational guide for optimizing the molecular ordering of NFAs and electron donors for high device efficiency.

关键词： organic solar cells non-fullerene acceptors solvent morphology efficiency

standardization and Identification of Minor Components of silymarin (MK-001)

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2012年第3期4卷 237-244页

作者： Yan-ze lIU[a][b] david Yue-wei lEE[a] Bioorganic and Natural Product laboratory McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical SchoolMA 02478USA Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China

Objective To develop a highly effective HPlC method for standardization of silymarin and for characterization of minor components, which has not been reported previously. Methods An HPlC fingerprinting method and 1 H-NMR spectroscopy were employed to provide assurance for a standardized silymarin product (MK-001). Results A total of 18 marker compounds were identified and characterized including ten flavonolignans and eight small molecules including adenine, adenosine, uridine, and 3,5,7-trihydroxychromone which were first isolated and characterized from silymarin. The HPlC fingerprinting method and 1 H-NMR had been established for complete assignments of HPlC peaks with intensity over 1.0%. Conclusion The successfully established HPlC fingerprinting method and 1 H-NMR could be applied for the standardization of commercial silymarin products. MK-001 represents the first standardized silymarin with the highest content of flavonolignans ( > 90%).

关键词： adenine flavonolignans 1 H-NMR HPlC fingerprinting silymarin

stricter national standards are required for credentialing of endoscopic-retrograde-cholangiopan-creatography in the United states

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第27期25卷 3468-3483页

作者： Mitchell s Cappell david M Friedel Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology William Beaumont HospitalRoyal OakMI 48073United States Oakland University William Beaumont school of Medicine William Beaumont HospitalMI 48073United States Division of Gastroenterology New York University Winthrop Medical CenterMineolaNY 11501United States

Endoscopic-retrograde-cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) is now a vital modality with primarily therapeutic and occasionally solely diagnostic utility for numerous biliary/pancreatic disorders. It has a significantly steeper learning curve than that for other standard gastrointestinal(GI) endoscopies, such as esophagogastroduodenoscopy or colonoscopy, due to greater technical difficulty and higher risk of complications. Yet, GI fellows have limited exposure to ERCP during standard-three-year-GI-fellowships because ERCP is much less frequently performed than esophagogastroduodenoscopy/colonoscopy. This led to adding an optional year of training in therapeutic endoscopy. Yet many graduates from standard three-year-fellowships without advanced training intensely pursue independent/unsupervised ERCP privileges despite inadequate numbers of performed ERCPs and unacceptably low rates of successful selective cannulation of desired(biliary or pancreatic) duct. Hospital credentialing committees have traditionally performed ERCP credentialing, but this practice has led to widespread flouting of recommended guidelines(e.g., planned privileging of applicant with 20% successful cannulation rate, or after performing only 7 ERCPs);and intense politicking of committee members by applicants, their practice groups, and potential competitors. Consequently, some gastroenterologists upon completing standard fellowships train and learn ERCP 'on the job' during independent/unsupervised practice, which can result in bad outcomes: high rates of failed bile duct cannulation. This severe clinical problem is indicated by publication of ≥ 12 ERCP competency studies/guidelines during last 5 years. However, lack of mandatory, quantitative, ERCP credentialing criteria has permitted neglect of recommended guidelines. This work comprehensively reviews literature on ERCP credentialing;reviews rationales for proposed guidelines;reports problems with current system;and proposes novel criteria for competenc

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Privileges Credentialing Gastroenterology fellowship training Advanced gastrointestinal endoscopy training Certification standards

Atomic layer deposited 2D Mos2 atomic crystals:From material to circuit

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Nano Research 2020年第6期13卷 1644-1650页

作者： Hao liu lin Chen Hao Zhu Qing-Qing sun shi-Jin Ding Peng Zhou david wei Zhang state Key laboratory of AsIC and system School of MicroelectronicsFudan UniversityShanghai200433China

Atomic layer deposition(AlD)can be used for wafer-scale synthesis of 2D *** this paper,a novel,reliable,secure,low-cost,and high-efficiency process for the fabrication of Mos2 is introduced and *** resulting 2D materials show high carrier-mobility as well as excellent electrical *** molybdenum pentachloride(MoCl5)and hexamethyldisilathiane(HMDsT)as AlD precursors,thickness-controlled Mos2 films are uniformly deposited on a 50 mm sapphire and a 100 mm silica *** is done with a high growth-rate(up to 0.90Å/cycle).large-scale top-gated FET arrays are fabricated using the films,with a room-temperature mobility of 0.56 cm2/(V·s)and a high on/off current ratio of *** electrical uniformity is observed in the whole sapphire ***,logical circuits,including inverters,NAND,AND,NOR,and OR gates,are realized successfully with a high-k HfO2 dielectric *** inverters exhibit a fast response frequency of 50 Hz and a DC-voltage gain of 4 at VDD=4 *** results indicate that the new method has the potential to synthesize high quality Mos2 films on a large-scale,with hypo-toxicity and enhanced efficiency,which can facilitate a broader range of applications in the future.

关键词： atomic layer deposition molybdenum disulfide electrical uniformity field effect transistors logical circuits

Global Wheat Head Detection Challenges:Winning Models and Application for Head Counting

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 460-473页

作者： Etienne david Franklin Ogidi Daniel smith scott Chapman Benoit de solan wei Guo Frederic Baret Ian stavness UMR 1114 EMMAH INRAEAvignonFrance Arvalis–Institut du Végétal ParisFrance Department of Computer science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada school of Food and Agricultural sciences University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Graduate school of Agricultural and life sciences The University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Data competitions have become a popular approach to crowdsource new data analysis methods for general and specialized data science *** competitions have a rich history in plant phenotyping,and new outdoor field datasets have the potential to embrace solutions across research and commercial *** developed the Global Wheat Challenge as a generalization competition in 2020 and 2021 to find more robust solutions for wheat head detection using field images from different *** analyze the winning challenge solutions in terms of their robustness when applied to new *** found that the design of the competition had an influence on the selection of winning solutions and provide recommendations for future competitions to encourage the selection of more robust solutions.

关键词： Wheat specialized competition