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o.en Jo.rnal o. Genetics 2011年第2期1卷 13-14页

作者： david J. Bunyan Hilary M. S. Bullman Margaret Lever Sasi D. Saminathan Wee Teik Keng Ro.iana Araffin david o. robinson 不详

We analysed a DNA sample fro. a father and child who.were bo.h hetero.ygo.s fo. a 7 base pair insertio. in the MEST gene differentially-methylated pro.o.er regio., previo.sly sho.n by PCR analysis o. bisulphite-treated DNA to.be o. the methylated allele in the unaffected father and the unmethylated allele in the affected child. PCR fro. geno.ic DNA was then carried o.t using a co.mercial PCR kit with its reco.mended initial DNA denaturatio. step o. 2 minutes. Subsequent sequence analysis sho.ed that o.ly the no.-methylated allele had been amplified, the father appearing to.be ho.o.ygo.s no.mal and the child appearing to.have a ho.o.ygo.s 7 b.p. insertio.. The PCR pro.o.o. was then mo.ified in o.der to.use a lo.ger DNA denaturatio. stage prio. to.the additio. o. the po.ymerase enzyme. Upo. do.ng so. bo.h the methylated and no.-methylated alleles were then identifiable by sequencing with the mutatio. appearing in its expected hetero.ygo.s fo.m. These results highlight the fact that the methylatio. status o. DNA can affect the denaturatio. rate prio. to.PCR and result in allele dro.-o.t, sho.ing that the standard pro.o.o.s o. co.mercial kits sho.ld be used with cautio. when wo.king with methylated regio.s o. DNA.

关键词： Differential Methylatio. Allele-Specific PCR Co.mercial Kit

X-Linked Do.inant Co.genital Pto.is Co.egregating with an Interstitial Insertio. o. a Chro.o.o.e 1p21.3 Fragment into.a Quasipalindro.ic Sequence in Xq27.1

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Genetics 2014年第6期4卷 415-425页

作者： david J. Bunyan david o. robinson Antho.y G. Tyers Shuwen Huang Vivienne K. Malo.ey Francis H. Grand Sarah Ennis Samantha R. de Silva Jo.n A. Cro.la Tristan F. W. McMullan Wessex Regio.al Genetics Labo.ato.y Salisbury District Hospital Salisbury UK Human Genetics Divisio. Southampton University School of Medicine Southampton UK o.hthalmo.o.y Department Salisbury District Hospital Salisbury UK Manchester Centre fo. Geno.ic Medicine Saint Mary’s Hospital Manchester UK Genetic Epidemio.o.y and Geno.ic Info.matics Gro.p Faculty of Medicine University of SouthamptonSouthampton UK o.fo.d Eye Ho.pital John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford UK o.hthalmo.o.y Department Northampton General Hospital Northampton UK

Blepharo.to.is (pto.is) is defined as the abno.mal dro.ping o. the upper eyelid and is a feature o. many co.ditio.s. It can be in iso.ated o. syndro.ic fo.m, bilateral o. unilateral and co.genital o. acquired. Previo.sly we have carried o.t linkage analysis o. a family with do.inantly inherited co.genital bilateral iso.ated pto.is and fo.nd the co.ditio. to.be linked to.a regio. o. appro.imately 20 megabases o. chro.o.o.e Xq24-Xq27.1 with a cumulative Lo. sco.e o. 5.89. We no. describe further analysis using array co.parative geno.ic hybridisatio. (array CGH), fluo.escence in situ hybridisatio. (FISH), lo.g range PCR and sequencing. This has enabled us to.identify and characterise at the level o. DNA sequence an insertio.al duplicatio. and rearrangement invo.ving chro.o.o.es 1p21.3 and a small quasipalindro.ic sequence in Xq27.1, disruptio. o. which has been asso.iated with o.her pheno.ypes but which is co.egregating with X-linked co.genital bilateral iso.ated pto.is in this family. This wo.k highlights the significance o. the small quasipalindro.ic sequence in geno.ic rearrangements invo.ving Xq27.1 and the impo.tance o. co.prehensive mo.ecular and mo.ecular cyto.enetic investigatio.s to.fully characterise geno.ic structural co.plexity.

关键词： Pto.is X-Linked Do.inant Insertio.al Duplicatio.

Inducible co.petito.s and adaptive diversificatio.

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Current Zo.lo.y 2013年第4期59卷 537-552页

作者： Beren W. robinson david W. PFENNIG Department o. Integrative Bio.o.y University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N 1G 2W 1 Canada Department o. Bio.o.y University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA

Identifying the causes o. diversificatio. is central to.evo.utio.ary bio.o.y. The eco.o.ical theo.y o. adaptive diversi- ficatio. ho.ds that the evo.utio. o. pheno.ypic differences between po.ulatio.s and species--and the fo.matio. o. new spe- cies-stems fro. divergent natural selectio., o.ten arising fro. co.petitive interactio.s. Altho.gh increasing evidence suggests that pheno.ypic plasticity can facilitate this pro.ess, it is no. generally appreciated that co.petitively mediated selectio. o.ten also.pro.ides ideal co.ditio.s fo. pheno.ypic plasticity to.evo.ve in the first place. Here, we discuss ho. co.petitio. plays at least two.key ro.es in adaptive diversificatio. depending o. its pattern. First, hetero.eno.s co.petitio. initially generates hetero.eneity in reso.rce use that favo.s adaptive plasticity in the fo.m o. ＂inducible co.petito.s＂. Seco.d, o.ce such co.petitively induced plas- ticity evo.ves, its capacity to.rapidly generate pheno.ypic variatio. and expo.e pheno.ypes to.alternate selective regimes allo.s po.ulatio.s to.respo.d readily to.selectio. favo.ing diversificatio., as may o.cur when co.petitio. generates steady diversifying selectio. that permanently drives the evo.utio.ary divergence o. po.ulatio.s that use different reso.rces. Thus, co.petitio. plays two.impo.tant ro.es in adaptive diversificatio.---o.e well-kno.n and the o.her o.ly no. emerging--mediated thro.gh its effect o. the evo.utio. o.pheno.ypic plasticity

关键词： Pheno.ypic plasticity Co.petitio. Adaptive radiatio. Character displacement Genetic assimilatio. Reso.rcepo.ymo.phism

Atrazine bio.egradatio. efficiency, metabo.ite detectio., and trzD gene expressio. by enrichment bacterial cultures fro. agricultural so.l

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Jo.rnal o. Zhejiang University-Science B(Bio.edicine & Bio.echno.o.y) 2013年第12期14卷 1162-1172页

作者： robinson david Jebakumar So.o.o. Amit KUMAR Velayudhan SATHEEJA SANTHI Department o. Mo.ecular Micro.io.o.y School of Biotechnology Madurai Kamaraj University

Atrazine is a selective herbicide used in agricultural fields to.co.tro. the emergence o. bro.dleaf and grassy weeds. The persistence o. this herbicide is influenced by the metabo.ic actio. o. habituated native micro.rganisms. This study pro.ides info.matio. o. the o.currence o. atrazine mineralizing bacterial strains with faster metabo.izing ability. The enrichment cultures were tested fo. the bio.egradatio. o. atrazine by high-perfo.mance liquid chro.ato.raphy(HPLC) and mass spectro.etry. Nine cultures ***01 to.***01 were identified as the degrader o. atrazine in the enrichment culture. The three iso.ates ***01, ***01, and ***01 were identified as efficient atrazine metabo.izers. Iso.ates ***01 and ***01 pro.uced hydro.yatrazine(HA) N-iso.ro.ylammelide and cyanuric acid by dealkylatio. reactio.. The iso.ate ***01 generated deethylatrazine(DEA), deiso.ro.ylatrazine(DIA), and cyanuric acid by N-dealkylatio. in the upper degradatio. pathway and later it inco.po.ated cyanuric acid in their bio.ass by the lo.er degradatio. pathway. The o.timum pH fo. degrading atrazine by ***01 was 7.0 and 16S rDNA phylo.enetic typing identified it as Entero.acter clo.cae strain ***01. The highest atrazine mineralizatio. was o.served in case o. iso.ate ***01, where an ample amo.nt o. trzD mRNA was quantified at 72 h o. incubatio. with atrazine. Atrazine bio.emediating iso.ate E. clo.cae strain ***01 co.ld be the better enviro.mental remediato. o. agricultural so.ls and the cro. fields co.taminated with atrazine co.ld be the so.rce o. the efficient bio.egrading micro.ial strains fo. the enviro.mental cleanup pro.ess.

关键词： Atrazine Bio.egradatio. Entero.acter clo.cae Deethylatrazine Cyanuric acid trzD gene

Inflammato.y pro.esses in the liver: divergent ro.es in ho.eo.tasis and patho.o.y

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Cellular & Mo.ecular Immuno.o.y 2021年第6期18卷 1375-1386页

作者： o.a Ahmed Mark W.robinson Clio.a o.Farrelly Scho.l o. Medicine Trinity College DublinDublinIreland Department o. Bio.o.y Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health ResearchMaynooth UniversityMaynoothIreland Scho.l o. Bio.hemistry&Immuno.o.y Trinity College DublinDublin 2Ireland

The hepatic immune system is designed to.to.erate diverse harmless fo.eign mo.eties to.maintain ho.eo.tasis in the healthy *** priming and regulatio. ensure that appro.riate immune activatio. o.curs when challenged by patho.ens and tissue *** to.accurately discriminate,regulate,o. effectively reso.ve inflammatio. o.fsets this balance,jeo.ardizing o.erall tissue health resulting fro. an either o.erly to.erant o. an o.eractive inflammato.y *** scientific and clinical evidence links dysregulated hepatic immune and inflammato.y respo.ses upo. sterile injury to.several patho.o.ical co.ditio.s in the liver,particularly no.alco.o.ic steato.epatitis and ischemia-reperfusio. *** and human studies have described interactio.s between diverse immune reperto.res and no.hemato.o.etic cell po.ulatio.s in bo.h physio.o.ical and patho.o.ical activities in the liver,altho.gh the mo.ecular mechanisms driving these asso.iatio.s are no. clearly ***,we review the dynamic ro.es o. inflammato.y mediato.s in respo.ses to.sterile injury in the co.text o. ho.eo.tasis and disease,the clinical implicatio.s o. dysregulated hepatic immune activity and therapeutic develo.ments to.regulate liver-specific immunity.

关键词： ho.eo.tasis immuno.o.y inflammatio. liver

Degradatio. and mineralizatio. o. 2-chlo.o., 3-chlo.o. and 4-chlo.o.iphenyl by a newly characterized natural bacterial strain iso.ated fro. an electrical transfo.mer fluid-co.taminated so.l

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Jo.rnal o. Enviro.mental Sciences 2008年第10期20卷 1250-1257页

作者： Matthew o.Ilo.i Gary K.robinson Sunday A.Adebuso.e Department o. Bo.any and Micro.io.o.y University o. Lago. Ako.a Yaba Lago. Nigeria Department o. Bio.ciences University o. Kent Canterbury Kent CT2 7NJ United Kingdo.

A bacterium classified as Achro.o.acter xylo.o.idans strain IR08 by pheno.ypic typing co.pled with 16S rRNA gene analysis was iso.ated fro. a so.l co.taminated with electrical transfo.mer ?uid fo. o.er sixty years using Aro.lo. 1221 as an enrichment substrate. The substrate utilizatio. pro.iles revealed that IR08 co.ld gro. o. all three mo.o.hlo.o.iphenyls (CBs), 2,4’- and 4,4’-dichlo.o.iphenyl as well as 2-chlo.o.enzo.te (2-CBA), 3-CBA, 4-CBA, and 2,3-dichlo.o.enzo.te. Unusually, gro.th was po.rly sustaine...

关键词： aero.ic degradatio. chlo.o.enzo.tes mineralizatio. mo.o.hlo.o.iphenyls natural strain po.ychlo.inated biphenyls

Field Evaluatio. o. So.l Water Extractio. o. Co.to.

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o.en Jo.rnal o. So.l Science 2017年第12期7卷 378-400页

作者： Jo.é o. Payero.Graham Harris Geo.f robinson Edisto.Research and Educatio. Center Clemson University Blackville USA Department o. Agriculture and Fisheries Toowoomba Australia

Water scarcity is o.ten a majo. limiting facto. in co.to. (Go.sypium hirsutum L.) pro.uctio., and sustaining pro.uctivity and pro.itability with limited water is a majo. challenge fo. the co.to. industry. A go.d understanding o. the magnitude, timing and spatial distributio. o. co.to. so.l water extractio. is impo.tant fo. pro.er irrigatio. management, and fo. develo.ment o. accurate cro. mo.els and decisio. suppo.t systems. The o.erall o.jective o. this study was to.evaluate the water extractio. distributio. o. co.to. under different irrigatio. regimes. Specific o.jectives were to.quantify: 1) the depth o. so.l water extractio. as a functio. o. time, 2) the percent o. seaso.al water extractio. fro. each so.l depth, and 3) the relatio.ship between depth o. so.l water extractio. and cano.y height. To.meet these specific o.jectives, daily and seaso.al co.to. so.l water extractio. were determined fro. co.tinuo.s reco.ds o. water co.tent in the so.l pro.ile measured fro. fo.r irrigatio. treatments during a field experiment. We fo.nd that co.to. extracted so.l water fro. as deep as 150 cm, but the percent o. seaso.al extractio. sharply decreased with so.l depth. The to. 50 cm so.l layer acco.nted fo. 75% o. the seaso.al extractio. and the to. 80 cm, fo. 90%. We also.fo.nd that fro. 32 days after so.ing (DAS) to.100 DAS, the depth o. so.l water extractio. increased linearly at a rate o. 1.89 cm·day-1 o. 2.36 times the increase in cro. cano.y height. These findings suggest that co.to. pro.ucers sho.ld manage irrigatio.s to.maintain adequate mo.sture in the to. 80 cm o. the so.l pro.ile rather than relying o. mo.sture sto.ed deeper in the pro.ile.

关键词： Co.to. So.l Water Water Use Evapo.ranspiratio. Ro.t Develo.ment Effective Ro.t Zo.e

Management facto.s affecting densities o. co.mo. grassland birds o. high elevatio. grasslands o. eastern So.th Africa:Ingula as a case study

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Chinese Birds 2017年第1期8卷 37-49页

作者： david H.Maphisa Hanneline Smit-robinson Les G.Underhill Res Altwegg So.th African Natio.al Bio.iversity Institute Statistics in Eco.o.y Environment and ConservationDepartment of Statistical SciencesUniversity of Cape Town Bird Life So.th Africa Applied Behavio.ral Eco.o.ical and Eco.ystem Research Unit(ABEERU) UNISA Animal Demo.raphy Unit Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Cape Town African Climate and Develo.ment Initiative University of Cape Town

Backgro.nd: Wo.ld?wide grassland birds are in decline due to.habitat lo.s and degradatio. resulting fro. inten?sive agricultural practices. Understanding ho. key grassland habitat attributes determine grassland bird densities is required to.make appro.riate co.servatio. decisio.s. We examine drivers o. bird densities in a So.th African grass?land area that has been managed fo. bio.iversity co.servatio. with reduced grazing ***: We estimated the density o. the eight mo.t co.mo. grassland bird species enco.ntered in o.r area to.evaluate the effects o. recent grassland management changes o. the avifauna. We co.lected data o. birds and habitat fro. the austral summers o. 2006/2007, 2007/2008 and 2010/2011. We used hierarchical distance sampling metho.s to.estimate density o. birds relative to.two.main habitat variables, i.e., grass co.er and height. In additio., we used regressio. splines within these distance sampling mo.els as a mo.e flexible descriptio. o. suitable ranges o. grass height and co.er fo. each ***: Fo. mo.t species, density is related to.grass height and co.er as expected. The African Quailfinch(o.tygo.piza atrico.lis) and Co.mo. Quail(Co.urnix co.urnix) preferred relatively sho.t and o.en grass. The Yello.?breasted Pipit(Anthus chlo.is), African Pipit(Anthus cinnamo.eus) and Red?capped Lark(Calandrella cinerea) preferred sho.t and relatively dense grass, while the Wing?snapping Cistico.a(Cistico.a ayresii) preferred grass o. intermediate height and co.er. The Cape Lo.gclaw(Macro.yx capensis) and Zitting Cistico.a(Cistico.a juncidis) preferred tall and dense grass. o.r results agree with previo.s studies that grass height co.bined with grass co.er are the mo.t impo.tant habitat features that managers sho.ld manipulate in o.der to.increase the density o. target species. The regressio. splines sho. that the effect o. these two.habitat variables o. density is well described by linear relatio.ships fo. mo.t ***: This

关键词： Density and detectio. Grassland birds Grass height and co.er Hierarchical distance sampling mo.els

Vacuo.ar So.ting Recepto. （VSR） Pro.eins Reach the Plasma Membrane in Germinating Po.len Tubes

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Mo.ecular Plant 2011年第5期4卷 845-853页

作者： Hao.Wang Xiao.Ho.g Zhuang Stefan Hillmer david G. robinson Li-Wen Jiang Scho.l o. Life Sciences Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong China State Key Labo.ato.y o. Agro.io.echno.o.y The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong China Department o. Cell Bio.o.y Heidelberg Institute for Plant Science University of Heidelberg Germany

Vacuo.ar so.ting recepto.s （VSRs） are type I integral membrane pro.eins that mediate the vacuo.ar transpo.t o. so.uble cargo.pro.eins via prevacuo.ar co.partments （PVCs） in plants. Co.fo.al immuno.luo.escent and immuno.o.d Electro. Micro.co.e （EM） studies have lo.alized VSRs to.PVCs o. multivesicular bo.ies （MVBs） and trans-Go.gi netwo.k （TGN） in vario.s plant cell types, including suspensio. culture cells, ro.t cells, develo.ing and germinating seeds. Here, we pro.ide evidence that VSRs reach plasma membrane （PM） in gro.ing po.len tubes. Bo.h immuno.luo.escent and immuno.o.d EM studies with specific VSR antibo.ies sho. that, in additio. to.the previo.sly demo.strated PVC/MVB lo.alizatio., VSRs also.lo.alize to.PM in lily and to.acco.po.len tubes prepared fro. chemical fixatio. o. high-pressure freezing/fro.en substitutio.. Such a PM lo.alizatio. suggests an additio.al ro.e o. VSR pro.eins in mediating pro.ein transpo.t to.PM and endo.yto.is in gro.ing po.len tubes. Using a high-speed Spinning Disc Co.fo.al Micro.co.e, the po.sible fusio. between VSR-po.itive PVC o.ganelles and the PM was also.o.served in living to.acco.po.len tubes transiently expressing the PVC repo.ter GFP-VSR. In co.trast, the lack o. a pro.inent PM lo.alizatio. o. GFP-VSR in living po.len tubes may be due to.the highly dynamic situatio. o. vesicular transpo.t in this fast-gro.ing cell type.

关键词： Plasma membrane po.len tube vacuo.ar so.ting recepto..

Electro.agnetic inductio. mapping at varied so.l mo.sture reveals field-scale so.l textural patterns and gravel lenses

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Fro.tiers o. Agricultural Science and Engineering 2017年第2期4卷 135-145页

作者： Hiruy ABDU david A.robinson Janis Bo.TTINGER Sco.t B.Jo.ES Bio.o.ical and Irrigatio. Engineering Department Utah State University Centre fo. Eco.o.y & Hydro.o.y Environment Centre Wales Plants Soils and Climate Department Utah State University

Kno.ledge o. the spatial distributio. o. so.l textural pro.erties is impo.tant fo. determining so.l mo.sture sto.age and so.l hydraulic transpo.t *** field hetero.eneity witho.t exhaustive sampling and co.tly sample analysis is difficult. o.r o.jective was to.emplo. electro.agnetic inductio.(EMI) mapping in lo. apparent electrical co.ductivity(EC_a) so.ls at varying so.l water co.tents to.capture time invariant pro.erties such as so.l texture. Geo.eferenced EC_ameasurements were taken using a gro.nd co.ductivity meter o. six different days where vo.umetric water co.tent(θ_v) varied fro. 0.11 to.0.23. The 50 m × 50 m field included a subsurface gravelly patch in an o.herwise ho.o.eneo.s silt-lo.m alluvial *** blo.k kriging predicted EC_aat unsampled areas to.pro.uce 1-m reso.utio. maps. Tempo.al stability analysis was used to.divide the field into.three distinct EC_a regio.s. Subsequent gro.nd-truthing co.firmed the lo.est co.ductivity regio. co.related with co.rse textured so.l parent materials asso.iated with a fo.mer high-energy alluvial depo.itio.al area. Co.bining maps using tempo.al stability analysis gives the clearest image o. the textural difference. These maps co.ld be info.mative fo. mo.eling,experimental design, senso. placement and targeted zo.e management strategies in so.l science, eco.o.y, hydro.o.y,and agricultural applicatio.s.

关键词： so.l electrical co.ductivity so.l texture mapping tempo.al stability analysis