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Vegetation change as related to terrain factors at two glacier forefronts, Glacier National Park, montana, U.S.A.

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Journal of mountain Science 2020年第1期17卷 1-15页

作者： Callie B.LAmBERT Lynn m・RESLER Yang SHAO david R.BUTLER Department of Geography Virginia Tech220 Stanger StreetBlacksburgVA24061USA Texas State University Department of GeographySan MarcosTX 78666USA

Glacier recession is a globally occurring trend. Although a rich body of work has documented glacial response to climate warming, few studies have assessed vegetation cover change in recently deglaciated areas, especially using geospatial technologies. Here, vegetation change at two glacier forefronts in Glacier National Park, montana, *** quantified through remote sensing analysis,fieldwork validation, and statistical ***, we assessed the spatial and temporal patterns of landcover change at the two glacier forefronts in Glacier National Park and determined the role of selected biophysical terrain factors(elevation, slope, aspect, solar radiation, flow accumulation, topographic wetness index, and surficial geology) on vegetation change(from nonvegetated to vegetated cover) at the deglaciated *** imagery of the study locations in 1991, 2003,and 2015 were classified and validated using visual interpretation. model results revealed geographic differences in biophysical correlates of vegetation change between the study areas, suggesting that terrain variation is a key factor affecting spatialtemporal patterns of vegetation change. At Jackson Glacier forefront, increases in vegetation over some portion or all of the study period were negatively associated with elevation, slope angle, and consolidated bedrock. At Grinnell Glacier forefront,increases in vegetation associated negatively with elevation and positively with solar *** geospatial and field approaches to the study of vegetation change in recently deglaciated terrain are recommended to understand and monitor processes and patterns of ongoing habitat change in rapidly changing mountain environments.

关键词： Land cover change Physical geography Glacial forefronts Vegetation change Glacier National Park Terrain factors

Stem cell treatment improves post stroke neurological outcomes:a comparative study in male and female rats

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 519-527,I0005-I0010页

作者： Koteswara Rao Nalamolu Bharath Chelluboina Casimir A Fornal Siva Reddy Challa david m Pinson david Z Wang Jeffrey D Klopfenstein Krishna Kumar Veeravalli Cancer Biology and Pharmacology College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences California Health Sciences UniversityClovisCaliforniaUSA Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA Health Sciences Education College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA Neurology College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA Neurology Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA Neurosurgery College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA OSF HealthCare Illinois Neurological Institute PeoriaIllinoisUSA Pediatrics College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA

Background and purpose The therapeutic potential of different stem cells for ischaemic stroke treatment is intriguing and somewhat *** results from our laboratory have demonstrated the potential benefits of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells(mSC)in a rodent stroke *** hypothesised that mSC treatment would effectively promote the recovery of sensory and motor function in both males and females,despite any apparent sex differences in post stroke brain *** Transient focal cerebral ischaemia was induced in adult Sprague-Dawley rats by occlusion of the middle cerebral *** the procedure,male and female rats of the untreated group were euthanised 1 day after reperfusion and their brains were used to estimate the resulting infarct volume and tissue *** groups of stroke-induced male and female rats were treated with mSC or vehicle and were subsequently subjected to a battery of standard neurological/neurobehavioral tests(modified Neurological Severity Score assessment,adhesive tape removal,beam walk and rotarod).The tests were administered at regular intervals(at days 1,3,5,7 and 14)after reperfusion to determine the time course of neurological and functional recovery after *** The infarct volume and extent of swelling of the ischaemic brain were similar in males and *** similar pathological stroke lesions,the clinical manifestations of stroke were more pronounced in males than females,as indicated by the neurological scores and other *** treatment significantly improved the recovery of sensory and motor function in both sexes,and it demonstrated efficacy in both moderate stroke(females)and severe stroke(males).Conclusions Despite sex differences in the severity of post stroke outcomes,mSC treatment promoted the recovery of sensory and motor function in male and female rats,suggesting that it may be a promising treatment for stroke.

关键词： neurological female rats

Roles of secreted frizzled-related proteins in cancer

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第9期28卷 1499-1504页

作者： david m JABLONS Thoracic Oncology Laboratory Department of SurgeryComprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94115USASRI International333 Ravenswood AvenueMenlo ParkCA 94025 USA

The Wnt signaling pathway is implicated in a variety of biological processesranging from developmental cell fate to human *** components involvedin Wnt signaling have been under intense investigation over the last 2 *** canonical Wnt activation has been linked to tumor formation andinvolves activation of effector molecules or loss of tumor suppressor *** frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) are Wnt *** recent years,accumulating evidence has suggested that sFRPs act as tumor suppressorsbecause their expression is frequently silenced in cancer by promoter ***,sFRPs may also promote cell growth in some ***,wefocus on the known knowledge of sFRPs in tumorigenesis.

关键词： Wnt signaling pathway secreted frizzledrelated proteins cancer

Eating Disorders among Students in Northern Benin (2023)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 11-28页

作者： Ireti Nethania Elie Ataigba Guy Gérard Aza-Gnandji david Sinet Koïvogui Wifrieda Aguidissou Eurydice Elvire Djossou Anselme Djidonou Francis Tognon Tchegnonsi Prosper Gandaho Josiane Ezin Houngbe Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Faculté de Médecine Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de Soutien Réhabilitation Insertion et Réinsertion (SouRIR ONG) Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoucou Maga de Cotonou Cotonou Bénin Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinée

Introduction: From their earliest hours, human beings are able to identify a source of food and to feed themselves. Feeding is therefore one of the most instinctive human functions. It is regulated by several factors (physiological, psycho-affective and environmental) whose disruption can lead to eating disorders. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate eating disorders among students in the town of Parakou in 2023. method: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from January to July 2023 in various universities in the city of Parakou, Benin. The study population consisted of all students in grades 1 to 7 at these universities. A two-stage non-proportional stratified sampling technique combined with a simple random draw was adopted. The Eating Attitude Test-26, Bulimia Inventory Test Edinburgh and a set of questions focusing on the diagnostic criteria for pica were used to screen for pica and other disorders such as anorexia, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 25. Results: A total of 607 students were surveyed, 323 of whom had eating disorders. A prevalence of 53.21% of students at risk of eating disorders was found. In relation to the total population, the prevalences of anorexia, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder and pica were 45.96%, 0.82%, 15.48% and 12.68% respectively. In multivariate analysis, seven factors explained the risk to develop at least one eating disorder among the students surveyed. These were: urban area of residence (OR (95% CI) = 5.059 (1.75 - 14.65);p = 0.003);year of study (OR (95% CI) = 0.47 (0.28 - 0.79);p = 0.035);type of university attended (private university: OR (95% CI) = 1.63 (1.08 - 2.44);p = 0.019);parents’ marital status (couple or not) (OR (95% CI) = 1.50 (1.01 - 2.24);p = 0.046);father’s level of education: secondary (OR (CI 95%) = 3.85 (1.96 - 7.54);p 0.001)/higher (OR (CI 95%) = 2.83 (1.36 - 5.86);p = 0.005);mother’s one:

关键词： Eating Disorders Benin 2023

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Defence and Security Forces in Northern Benin (2023)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 142-161页

作者： Ireti Nethania Elie Ataigba Guy Gérard Aza Gnandji david Sinet Koivogui Dalmace Fauste Adjaho Eurydice Elvire Djossou Anselme Djidonou Francis Tognon Tchegnonsi Prosper Gandaho Josiane Ezin Houngbe Faculté de médecine & Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de Soutien Réhabilitation Insertion et Réinsertion (SouRIR ONG) Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Centre Nationale Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoucou maga de Cotonou Cotonou Bénin Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Santé Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinée

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined as “actual exposure to death or the threat of death, serious injury or sexual violence”, either directly or indirectly, resulting in a symptomatic procession of repetition, avoidance, neurovegetative hyperactivity and individualized symptoms, with or without negative cognitive and mood changes. It therefore goes without saying that the defence and security forces constitute a high-risk population in need of attention. Objective: To study post-traumatic stress disorder in defence and security forces in the city of Parakou in 2023. methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from December 2022 to July 2023. The study population consisted of active military, republican police and firefighters in the city of Parakou in 2023. Non-proportional stratified sampling was used, given the inaccessibility of the source population size for national security reasons. Post-traumatic stress disorder was assessed using the “post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-5 (PCLS-5) scale. Results: A total of 305 subjects participated in the survey. males dominated 90.2%. The most represented corps was the Republican Police (41.6%), most of whom were non-commissioned officers (46.6%). The majority count between 11 and 20 years of service (48.9%), with 2 to 5 missions completed (67.5%). The calculated prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder was 11.8%, based on the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-5 (PCL-5). Of the 36 respondents with post-traumatic stress disorder, 20 (55.6%) had experienced an armed attack, 25 (69.4%) had witnessed a violent death, 18 (50.0%) had witnessed the agony of a colleague, 15 (41.7%) had been exposed to a fire or explosion, while 26 (72.2%) had been traumatized by physical and/or verbal aggression. 5 (13.9%) had consulted a specialist psychiatrist, while 6 (16.7%) were on medication and 26 (72.2%) used sport as a means of maintaining physical and mental health. Respectively 22 (61.1

关键词： Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Forces Defence Security Benin 2023

Infrared chemical imaging through non-degenerate two-photon absorption in silicon-based cameras

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 813-822页

作者： david Knez Adam m.Hanninen Richard C.Prince Eric O.Potma Dmitry A.Fishman Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA

Chemical imaging based on mid-infrared(mIR)spectroscopic contrast is an important technique with a myriad of applications,including biomedical imaging and environmental *** mIR cameras,however,lack performance and are much less affordable than mature Si-based devices,which operate in the visible and nearinfrared ***,we demonstrate fast mIR chemical imaging through non-degenerate two-photon absorption(NTA)in a standard Si-based charge-coupled device(CCD).We show that wide-field mIR images can be obtained at 100 ms exposure times using picosecond pulse energies of only a few femtojoules per pixel through NTA directly on the CCD *** this on-chip approach does not rely on phase matching,it is alignment-free and does not necessitate complex postprocessing of the *** emphasize the utility of this technique through chemically selective mIR imaging of polymers and biological samples,including mIR videos of moving targets,physical processes and live nematodes.

关键词： absorption Infrared chemical

The genetic architecture of autism spectrum disorders(ASDs) and the potential importance of common regulatory genetic variants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第10期58卷 968-975页

作者： david SAFFEN Institutes of Brain Science Fudan University

Currently, there is great interest in identifying genetic variants that contribute to the risk of developing autism spectrum disor- ders （ASDs）, due in part to recent increases in the frequency of diagnosis of these disorders worldwide. While there is nearly universal agreement that ASDs are complex diseases, with multiple genetic and environmental contributing factors, there is less agreement concerning the relative importance of common vs rare genetic variants in ASD liability. Recent observations that rare mutations and copy number variants （CNVs） are frequently associated with ASDs, combined with reduced fecundity of individuals with these disorders, has led to the hypothesis that ASDs are caused primarily by de novo or rare genetic muta- tions. Based on this model, large-scale whole-genome DNA sequencing has been proposed as the most appropriate method for discovering ASD liability genes. While this approach will undoubtedly identity many novel candidate genes and produce important new insights concerning the genetic causes of these disorders, a full accounting of the genetics of ASDs will be incomplete absent an understanding of the contributions of common regulatory variants, which are likely to influence ASD liability by modifying the effects of rare variants or, by assuming unfavorable combinations, directly produce these disorders. Because it is not yet possible to identify regulatory genetic variants by examination of DNA sequences alone, their identitication will require experimentation. In this essay, I discuss these issues and describe the advantages of measurements of allelic expression imbalance （AEI） of mRNA expression for identifying cis-acting regulatory variants that contribute to ASDs.

关键词： common-disease-common-variant model common-disease-rare-variant model copy number variant (CNV) aUelic expression imbalance (AEI)

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第11期12卷 891-898页

作者： mohammad m Alzahrani Saad m Alqahtani david Pichora Ryan Bicknell Department of Orthopaedics Imam Adulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamKSA 34212Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopaedics Queens UniversityKingston K7L 3N6Canada

BACKGROUND Work-related injuries have gained recent attention,especially in the orthopaedic *** upper extremity orthopaedic surgical tasks require repetitive and constant maneuvers,these surgeons can be at increased risk of acquiring workrelated musculoskeletal(mSK)disorders during their years in *** To assess the prevalence,characteristics and impact of mSK disorders among upper extremity orthopaedic *** A modified version of the physical discomfort survey was sent to surgeons who were members of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons and the Canadian shoulder and elbow society via *** collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics,one-way analysis of variance,and Fisher's exact test.P values ofmales and the majority were younger than 55 years old(65.5%).A work-related mSK injury was reported by 89.4% of respondents,of which the most common diagnoses were low back pain(26.1%)and lateral elbow epicondylitis(18.3%).Among those that reported an injury,82.7%required treatment and 26% required time off work as a direct result of their *** need to undergo treatment due to the injury was associated with increased number of injuries(Pmoreover,surgeons were more likely to require time off work when they had been in practice for>21 years(PmSK injuries,with more than one quarter of surgeons reported requiring time off work due to an mSK *** high incidence of these disorders may place a financial and psychological burden on surgeons and affect their ability to provide patient *** of operative ergonomics,irrespective of surgical specialty may help to decrease or possibly prevent the occurrence of these disorders.

关键词： Upper Extremity Surgeon Prevalence musculoskeletal Disorders

Prevalence and factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among hand surgeons

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第5期13卷 465-471页

作者： Saad m Alqahtani mohammad m Alzahrani Ryan Bicknell david Pichora Department of Orthopaedics Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 34212Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopaedics Queens UniversityKingston K7L 3N6OntarioCanada

BACKGROUND The nature of tasks required by hand surgeons require both forceful and repetitive maneuvers,thus subjecting these surgeons to the risk of musculoskeletal(mSK)injuries during their years in *** To assess the prevalence,characteristics and impact of mSK disorders among hand *** A modified version of the physical discomfort survey was sent to surgeons who were members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand via *** collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics,one-way analysis of variance,and Fisher’s exact test.P values ofmSK injury,of which the most common diagnoses were lateral elbow epicondylitis(18.7%),low back pain(17.1%)and carpal tunnel syndrome(15.6%).Among those that reported an injury,73.1%required treatment and 29.2%needed time off work as a direct result of their *** number of work-related injuries incurred by a surgeon increased significantly with increasing age(PmSK injuries sustained by Hand surgeons with a high *** results should increase awareness on this aspect and fuel future studies directed at preventing these types of work-related injuries,thus minimizing the financial and psychological burden on these surgeons and the healthcare system.

关键词： Hand Surgeon Prevalence musculoskeletal disorders Occupational injuries