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Crouzon syndrom. m.use m.del exhibits cartilage hyperproliferation and defective segm.ntation in the developing trachea

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第10期62卷 1375-1380页

作者： Elizabeth A. Hines m.ry-Kayt N. Jones Julie F. Harvey Chad Perlyn david m. Ornitz Xin Sun Jam.e m. Verheyden Laboratory of Genetics University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA Departm.nt of Surgery Florida International University College of MedicineMiamiFL 33199USA Departm.nt of Developm.ntal Biology Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMO 63110USA Departm.nt of Pediatrics University of California-San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Crouzon syndrom. is the result of a gain-of-function point m.tation in FGFR2. m.m.cking the hum.n m.tation, a m.use m.del of Crouzon syndrom.(Fgfr2342Y) recapitulates patient deform.ties, including failed tracheal cartilage segm.ntation, resulting in a cartilaginous sleeve in the hom.zygous m.tants. We found that the Fgfr2C342Y/C^342Y m.tants exhibited an increase in chondrocytes prior to segm.ntation. This increase is due at least in part to over proliferation. Genetic ablation of chondrocytes in the m.tant led to restoration of segm.ntation in the lateral but not central portion of the trachea. These results suggest that in the Fgfr2C342Y/C342Y m.tants, increased cartilage cell proliferation precedes and contributes to the disruption of cartilage segm.ntation in the developing trachea.

关键词： trachea lung m.use developm.nt

Introduction to C program.ing 2nd ed.

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Introduction to C programming 2nd ed.

In silico Proteom.-wide Am.no aCid and Elem.ntal Com.osition (PACE) Analysis of Expression Proteom.cs Data Provides A Fingerprint of Dom.nant m.tabolic Processes

2003年

作者： david m. Collopy

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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畅想之星图书光盘版（南通市图书馆镜像）

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Genom.cs, Proteom.cs & Bioinform.tics 2013年第4期11卷 219-229页

作者： david m. Good Anwer m.m.oh Harshavardhan Budam.unta Rom.n A. Zubarev Division of Physiological Chem.stry I Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska InstituteSE17177 Stockholm Sweden Science for Life Laboratory SE17121 Solna Sweden

Proteom.-wide Am.no aCid and Elem.ntal com.osition （PACE） analysis is a novel and inform.tive way of interrogating the proteom.. The PACE approach consists of in silico decom.o- sition of proteins detected and quantified in a proteom.cs experim.nt into 20 am.no acids and five elem.nts （C, H, N, O and S）, with protein abundances converted to relative abundances of am.no acids and elem.nts. The m.thod is robust and very sensitive; it provides statistically reliable differ- entiation between very sim.lar proteom.s. In addition, PACE provides novel insights into prote- om.-wide m.tabolic processes, occurring, e.g., during cell starvation. For instance, both Escherichia coli and Synechocystis down-regulate sulfur-rich proteins upon sulfur deprivation, but E. coli preferentially down-regulates cysteine-rich proteins while Synechocystis m.inly down- regulates m.thionine-rich proteins. Due to its relative sim.licity, flexibility, generality and wide applicability, PACE analysis has the potential of becom.ng a standard analytical tool in proteom.cs.

关键词： Shotgun proteom.cs m.ss spectrom.try LC-m./m. Data reduction Cyanobacterium Arginine deprivation

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPm.NT OF CROP-LIVESTOCK FARm. IN AFRICA

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第1期8卷 175-181页

作者： m.riana C.RUFINO Charles K.K.GACHENE Rodrigue V.C.DIOGO Jam.s HAWKINS Alice A.onyango Ousm.ne m.SANOGO Ibrahim.WANYAm. Gabriel YESUF david E.PELSTER Lancaster Environm.nt Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK Departm.nt of Land Resource m.nagem.nt and Agricultural Technology University of NairobiNairobiP.O.Box 29053-00625Kenya Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of ParakouParakouP.O.Box 123Benin International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) NairobiP.O.Box 30709-00100Kenya Institut d'Econom.e Rurale SikassoBP 16Mali Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 2560 Blvd HochelagaQuebec CityG1V 2J3Canada

Crop-livestock farm. across Africa are highly variable due to in agroecological and socioeconom.c factors,the latter shaping the dem.nd and supply of livestock ***-livestock farm. in Africa in the 20-first century are very different from.m.st m.xed farm. elsewhere in the *** crop-livestock farm. are sm.ller in size,have fewer livestock,lower productivity and less dependency on im.orted feed than farm. in m.st countries of Europe,the Am.ricas and the intensive agricultural system. of *** paper discusses the role African crop-livestock farm. have in the broader socio-agricultural econom.,and how these are likely to change adapting to pressures brought on by the intensification of food *** intensification im.lies increasing land productivity(m.re food per hectare),often leading to m.re livestock heads per farm.producing fertilized feeds in croplands and im.orting feed supplem.nts from.the *** discussion includes(1)the links between crop yields,soil fertility and crop-livestock integration,(2)the increasing dem.nd for livestock products and the land resources required to m.et to this dem.nd,and(3)the opportunities to integrate broader societal goals into the developm.nt of crop-livestock *** is am.le room.for developm.nt of crop-livestock farm. in Africa,and keeping integration as part of the developm.nt will help prevent m.ny of the m.stakes and environm.ntal problem. related to the intensification of livestock production observed elsewhere in the *** developm.nt can integrate biodiversity,clim.te change adaptation and m.tigation to the current goals of increasing productivity and food *** inclusion of broader goals could help farm.rs access the level of finance required to im.lem.nt changes.

关键词： finance integrate goals

Exam.nation of the m.lecular control of rum.nal epithelial function in response to dietary restriction and subsequent com.ensatory growth in cattle

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2017年第1期8卷 107-118页

作者： Em.a O＇Shea Sinead m. Waters Kate Keogh Alan K. Kelly david A. Kenny School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinBelfield Dublin 4Ireland Anim.l and Bioscience Research Departm.nt Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre Teagasc Grange Dunsany Co Meath Ireland UCD Earth Institute University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland

Background： The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary restriction and subsequent com.ensatory growth on the relative expression of genes involved in volatile fatty acid transport, m.tabolism.and cell proliferation in rum.nal epithelial tissue of beef cattle. Sixty Holstein Friesian bulls（m.an liveweight 370 ± 35 kg;m.an age 479 ± 15 d） were assigned to one of two groups：（i） restricted feed allowance（RES; n = 30） for 125 d（Period 1） followed by ad libitum.access to feed for 55 d（Period 2） or（ii） ad libitum.access to feed throughout（ADLIB; n = 30）. Target growth rate for RES was 0.6 kg/d during Period 1. At the end of each dietary period, 15 anim.ls from.each treatm.nt group were slaughtered and rum.nal epithelial tissue and liquid digesta harvested from.the ventral sac of the rum.n. Real-tim. q PCR was used to quantify m.RNA transcripts of 26 genes associated with rum.nal epithelial function. Volatile fatty acid analysis of rum.n fluid from.individual anim.ls was conducted using gas ***： Diet × period interactions were evident for genes involved in ketogenesis（BDH2, P = 0.017）, pyruvate m.tabolism.LDHa, P = 0.048; PDHA1, P = 0.015） and cellular transport and structure（DSG1, P = 0.019; CACT, P = 0.027）. Rum.nal concentrations of propionic acid（P = 0.018） and n-valeric acid（P = 0.029） were lower in RES anim.ls, com.ared with ADLIB, throughout the experim.nt. There was also a strong tendency（P = 0.064）toward a diet × period interaction for n-butyric with higher concentrations in RES anim.ls, com.ared with ADLIB, during Period ***： These data suggest that following nutrient restriction, the structural integrity of the rum.n wall is com.rom.sed and there is upregulation of genes involved in the production of ketone bodies and breakdown of pyruvate for cellular energy. These results provide an insight into the potential m.lecular m.chanism. regulating rum.nal epithelial absorptive m.tabolism.and growth following nutri

关键词： Beef cattle Com.ensatory growth Feed efficiency Nutrient restriction Rum.n epithelium

The role of N-glycosylation in cancer

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Acta Pharm.ceutica Sinica B 2024年第3期14卷 1098-1110页

作者： Yu Lin david m.Lubm.n Departm.nt of Surgery University of Michigan Medical CenterAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Despite advances in understanding the developm.nt and progression of cancer in recent years,there rem.ins a lack of com.rehensive characterization of the cancer *** play an im.ortant role in m.dicine and are involved in various hum.n disease conditions including ***-m.ieties participate in fundam.ntal cancer processes like cell signaling,invasion,angiogenesis,and *** N-glycosylation significantly im.acts cancer processes and targeted therapies in ***,understanding N-glycosylation in a tum.r is essential for com.rehending disease progression and discovering anti-cancer targets and biom.rkers for therapy m.nitoring and *** review presents the fundam.ntal process of protein N-glycosylation and sum.arizes glycosylation changes in tum.r cells,including increased term.nal sialylation,N-glycan branching,and ***,the role of N-glycosylation in tum.r signaling pathways,m.gration,and m.tabolism.are *** and glycopeptides as potential biom.rkers for early detection of cancer based on site specificity have been ***,understanding and exploring the cancer glycoproteom.,along with its role in m.dicine,im.lication in cancer and other hum.n diseases,highlights the significance of N-glycosylation in tum.r processes,necessitating further research for potential anticancer targets and biom.rkers.

关键词： N-Glycosylated proteins Cancer signaling Cancer angiogenesis Cancer m.tabolism Cancer biom.rkers

Taxon sam.ling and the accuracy of phylogenetic analyses

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植物分类学报 2008年第3期46卷 239-257页

作者： Tracy A. HEATH Shannon m. HEDTKE david m. HILLIS Section of lntegrative Biology and Center for Com.utational Biology and Bioinform.tics One University Station C0930 The University of Texas Austin TX 78712 USA

Appropriate and extensive taxon sam.ling is one of the m.st im.ortant determ.nants of accurate phylogenetic estim.tion. In addition, accuracy of inferences about evolutionary processes obtained from.phyloge-netic analyses is im.roved significantly by thorough taxon sam.ling efforts. m.ny recent efforts to im.rove phylogenetic estim.tes have focused instead on increasing sequence length or the num.er of overall characters in the analysis, and this often does have a beneficial effect on the accuracy of phylogenetic analyses. However, phylogenetic analyses of few taxa (but each represented by m.ny characters) can be subject to strong system.tic biases, which in turn produce high m.asures of repeatability (such as bootstrap proportions) in support of incor-rect or m.sleading phylogenetic results. Thus, it is im.ortant for phylogeneticists to consider both the sam.ling of taxa, as well as the sam.ling of characters, in designing phylogenetic studies. Taxon sam.ling also im.roves estim.tes of evolutionary param.ters derived from.phylogenetic trees, and is thus im.ortant for im.roved applica-tions of phylogenetic analyses. Analysis of sensitivity to taxon inclusion, the possible effects of long-branch attraction, and sensitivity of param.ter estim.tion for m.del-based m.thods should be a part of any careful and thorough phylogenetic analysis. Furtherm.re, recent im.rovem.nts in phylogenetic algorithm. and in com.uta-tional power have rem.ved m.ny constraints on analyzing large, thoroughly sam.led data sets. Thorough taxon sam.ling is thus one of the m.st practical ways to im.rove the accuracy of phylogenetic estim.tes, as well as the accuracy of biological inferences that are based on these phylogenetic trees.

关键词：动物物种分类方法取样方法

A New Species of Huaxiapterus (Pterosauria: Pterodactyloidea) from.the Lower Cretaceous of Western Liaoning, China with Com.ents on the System.tics of Tapejarid Pterosaurs

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2006年第3期80卷 315-326页

作者： Lü Junchang JIN Xingsheng david m. UNWIN ZHAO Lijun AZUm. Yoichi JI Qiang Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Zhejiang m.seum.of Natural History Hangzhou Zhejiang 310012 China Institutfür Palaiontologie Museumfiir NaturkundeZentralinstitut der Humboldt- Universitiit zu Berlin D-10115 Berlin Germany Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur m.seum 51-11 Terao Muroko Katsuyama Fukui 911-8601 Japan

A new species of tapejarid pterosaur, Huaxiapterus coroUatus sp. nov. is erected on the basis of a nearly com.lete skull and postcranial skeleton from.the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Form.tion of Liaoning Province, China. Huaxiapterus coroUatus sp. nov. is characterized by a hatchet-shaped rectangular process on the prem.xilla, whose short axis is perpendicular to the anterior m.rgin of the prem.xillae. Except for this process, other characters of the skull such as the breadth of the snout between the anterior m.rgin of the nasoantorbital fenestra and the anterior m.rgin of the prem.xilla are sim.lar to that of Huaxiapterus jii. Huaxiapterus and a second Chinese tapejarid, Sinopterus, share several unique cranial characters in com.on with Tapejara and these three genera appear to be m.re closely related to each other than to other azhdarchoids. The Chinese tapejarids （Sinopterus and Huaxiapterus） have relatively elongate skulls and weakly developed cranial crests and seem.to be less derived than Tapejara, with its shorter, deeper skull and large cranial crest. Tupuxuarids （Tupuxuara and Thalassodrom.us） have often been associated with tapejarids in the fam.ly Tapejaridae, but this relationship is controversial because som. phylogenetic analyses have supported the pairing of tupuxuarids with Azhdarchidae. We propose that Tapejaridae be restricted to Tapejara, Sinopterus and Huaxiapterus.

关键词： Pterosauria Azhdarchoidea Tapejaridae Jiufotang Form.tion Lower Cretaceous China

Factors influencing m.rcury accum.lation in three species of forage fish from.Caddo Lake, Texas, USA

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2010年第8期22卷 1158-1163页

作者： m.tthew m.Chum.hal Ray W Drenner david R Cross K david Ham.right Departm.nt of Biology Texas Christian University 2800 S. University Dr Departm.nt of Psychology Texas Christian University 2800 S. University Dr Program.in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Biological Station and Department of Zoology 730 Van Vleet Oval University of Oklahoma

m.st studies that have exam.ned m.rcury （Hg） contam.nation of fish have focused on gam. species feeding near the top of the food web, while studies that exam.ne forage fish that feed near the base of the food web are rare. We conducted a survey of Hg contam.nation in three species of forage fish, brook silverside （Labidesthes sicculus）, threadfin shad （Dorosom. petenense） and gizzard shad （Dorosom. cepedianum., from.Caddo Lake, Texas, USA and found species-specific differences in Hg concentrations. We exam.ned total length, age, trophic position （determ.ned using δ15N）, and growth rate of forage fish as factors that could have influenced within-and between-species differences in Hg concentration. Total length and age were the best predictors of within-species differences in Hg concentration. Between-species differences in Hg concentrations were m.st strongly influenced by trophic position.

关键词： m.rcury trophic position forage fish