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Hepatitis C risk assessment,testing and referral for treatment in urban primary care:Role of race and ethnicity

World journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第7期13卷 1074-1078页

作者： Stacey B Trooskin Victor j Navarro Robert j Winn david j axelrod A Scott McNeal Maricruz Velez Steven K Herrine Simona Rossi Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA 19107 United States Department of Family Medicine Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA 19107 United States Division of Internal Medicine Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA 19107 United States Delaware Valley Community Health Inc. Philadelphia PA 19107 United States

AIM: To determine rates of hepatitis C (HCV) risk factor ascertainment, testing, and referral in urban primary care practices, with particular attention to the effect of race and ethnicity. METHODS: Retrospective chart review from four primary care sites in Philadelphia; two academic primary care practices and two community clinics was performed. Demographics, HCV risk factors, and other risk exposure information were collected. RESULTS: Four thousand four hundred and seven charts were reviewed. Providers documented histories of injection drug use (IDU) and transfusion for less than 20% and 5% of patients, respectively. Only 55% of patients who admitted IDU were tested for HCV. Overall, minorities were more likely to have information regarding a risk factor documented than their white counterparts (79% vs 68%, P < 0.0001). Hispanics were less likely to have a risk factor history documented, compared to blacks and whites (P < 0.0001). Overall, minorities were less likely to be tested for HCV than whites in the presence of a known risk factor (23% vs 35%, P = 0.004). Among patients without documentation of risk factors, blacks and Hispanics were more likely to be tested than whites (20% and 24%, vs 13%, P < 0.005, respectively). CONCLUSION: (1) Documentation of an HCV risk factor history in urban primary care is uncommon, (2)Racial differences exist with respect to HCV risk factor ascertainment and testing, (3) Minority patients, positive for HCV, are less likely to be referred for subspecialty care and treatment. Overall, minorities are less likely to be tested for HCV than whites in the presence of a known risk factor.

关键词： Hepatitis C Minority groups Urban health Primary health care Risk assessment

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Assessing feeding competition between lake whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis and round whitefish Prosopium cylindraceum

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 109-117页

作者： Andrew MACPHERSON john A.HOLMES Andrew M.MUIR david L.G.NOAKES axelrod Institute of Ichthyology and Department of Zoology University of Guelph Faculty of Architecture Landscape and Design University of Toronto Pacific Biological Station Fisheries and Oceans Canada Golder Associates Fisheries and Wildlife Department and Oregon Hatchery Research Center Oregon State University

We collected lake whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis and round whitefish Prosopium cylindraceum from the main basin of Lake Huron and Georgian Bay in the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America to investigate details of diet and feeding tactics of these species in different seasons. Lake whitefish supports important commercial fisheries in Lake Huron and both species make use of habitats near the Bruce Nuclear Power Development, on the eastern shore of Lake Huron. Most fish of both species showed generalist feeding behavior, but some lake whitefish appeared to show specialist prey selection. The invasive spiny water flea Bythotrephes longimanus was an important component of the diet of both species. There was considerable dietary overlap between the whitefish species, but the ecological implications of these dietary overlaps are mitigated by the fact that dominant prey species differed in most seasons. We conclude that the potential for ecologically significant interactions between lake whitefish and round whitefish resulting from competition for similar benthic food resources in the main basin of Lake Huron is probably low [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 109-117, 2010].

关键词： Lake Huron Diet Feeding tactics Seasonal variation Invasive species

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