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h.patitis B virus genotypes in precision medicine of h.patitis Brelated h.patocellular carcinoma:Wh.re we are now

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： Caecilia h.C Sukowati Sri Jayanti Turyadi Turyadi david h.Muljono Claudio Tiribelli Eijkman Research.Center for Molecular Biology Research Organization for HealthNational Research and Innovation Agency of IndonesiaJakarta 10340Indonesia Liver Cancer Unit Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUSTrieste 34149Italy Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar 90245South SulawesiIndonesia Faculty of Medicine and h.alth University of SydneySydney 2050Australia

h.patitis B virus(h.V)infection is a major player in ch.onic h.patitis B th.t may lead to th. development of h.patocellular carcinoma(h.C).h.V genetics are diverse wh.re it is classified into at least 9 genotypes(A to I)and 1 putative genotype(J),each.with.specific geograph.cal distribution and possible different clinical outcomes in th. *** diversity may be associated with.th. precision medicine for h.V-related h.C and th. success of th.rapeutical approach.s against h.C,related to different path.genicity of th. virus and h.st *** Editorial discusses recent updates on wh.th.r th. classification of h.V genetic diversity is still valid in terms of viral oncogenicity to th. h.C and its precision medicine,in addition to th. recent advances in cellular and molecular biology tech.ologies.

关键词： h.patitis B virus h.patocellular carcinoma Genotypes Path.genesis Precision medicine

Foam rolling and stretch.ng do not provide superior acute flexibility and stiffness improvements compared to any oth.r warm-up intervention: A systematic review with.meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and h.alth.Science 2024年第4期13卷 509-520页

作者： Konstantin Warneke Gerit Plösch.erger Lars h.Loh.ann Eric Lich.enstein Daniel Joch.m Stanislav D.Siegel Astrid Zech.david G.Beh. Institute of Sport Science University of KlagenfurtKlagenfurt am Wörthersee 9020Austria Department of h.man Motion Science and Exercise Ph.siology Friedrich Schiller UniversityJena 07749Germany Department Sport Exercise and HealthUniversity of BaselBasel 4052Switzerland Department of h.alth.Sciences and Tech.ology ETH ZurichZurich 8092Switzerland Sch.ol of h.man Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.JohnsNL A1C 5S7Canada

Background:Acute improvement in range of motion(ROM)is a widely reported effect of stretch.ng and foam rolling,wh.ch.is commonly explained by ch.nges in pain th.esh.ld and/or musculotendinous ***,th.se effects were also reported in response to various oth.r active and passive interventions th.t induce responses such.as enh.nced muscle ***,we h.poth.sized th.t acute ROM enh.ncements could be induced by a wide variety of interventions oth.r th.n stretch.ng or foam rolling th.t promote an increase in muscle ***:After a systematic search.in PubMed,Web of Science,and SPORTDiscus databases,38 studies comparing th. effects of stretch.ng and foam rolling with.several oth.r interventions on ROM and passive properties were *** studies h.d 1134 participants in total,and th. data analysis resulted in 140 effect sizes(ESs).ES calculations were performed using robust variance estimation model with.***:Study quality of th. included studies was classified as fair(PEDro score=4.58)with.low to moderate certainty of *** sh.wed no significant differences in ROM(ES=0.01,p=0.88),stiffness(ES=0.09,p=0.67),or passive peak torque(ES=-0.30,p=0.14)between stretch.ng or foam rolling and th. oth.r identified *** plots revealed no publication ***:Based on current literature,our results ch.llenge th. establish.d view on stretch.ng and foam rolling as a recommended component of warm-up *** lack of significant difference between interventions suggests th.re is no need to emph.size stretch.ng or foam rolling to induce acute ROM,passive peak torque increases,or stiffness reductions.

关键词： Range of motion Passive properties Muscletendon unit Muscle tissue

Enh.nced h.ek-Brown(h.B)criterion for rocks exposed to ch.mical corrosion

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International Journal of Mining Science and Tech.ology 2024年第5期34卷 609-630页

作者： h.o Li Leo Pel Zh.njiang You david Smeulders Department of Mech.nical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands Department of Applied Ph.sics Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands Center for Sustainable Energy and Resources School of EngineeringEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia Sch.ol of Ch.mical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Gas and Energy Transition Research.Centre The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Underground constructions often encounter water environments,wh.re water–rock interaction can increase porosity,th.reby weakening engineering ***,th. failure criterion for ch.mically corroded rocks becomes essential in th. stability analysis and design of such.*** study enh.nces th. applicability of th. h.ek-Brown(h.B)criterion for engineering structures operating in ch.mically corrosive conditions by introducing a kinetic porosity-dependent instantaneous mi(KPIM).A multiscale experimental investigation,including nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),ph.and ion ch.omatograph. analysis,and triaxial compression tests,is employed to quantify pore structural ch.nges and th.ir linkage with.th. strength.responses of limestone under coupled ch.mical-mech.nical(C-M)*** employing ion ch.omatograph. and NMR analysis,along with.incorporating th. principles of free-face dissolution th.ory accounting for both.congruent and incongruent dissolution,a kinetic ch.mical corrosion model is *** model aims to calculate th. kinetic porosity alterations with.n rocks exposed to varying h.concentrations and ***,utilizing th. generalized mixture rule(GMR),th. kinetic porositydependent mi is *** of th. KPIM-enh.nced h.B criterion using compression test data from 5 types of rocks demonstrated a h.gh.level of consistency between th. criterion and th. experimental results,with.a coefficient of determination greater th.n 0.96,a mean absolute percentage error less th.n 4.84%,and a root-mean-square deviation less th.n 5.95 ***,th. ph.sical significance of th. porosity-dependent instantaneous mi is clarified:it serves as an indicator of a rock’s capacity to leverage th. confining pressure effect.

关键词： h.ek-Brown(h.B)criterion Instantaneous mi Kinetic porosity-dependency Ch.mical corrosion Compressive strength

Predictors of th. placebo response in a nutraceutical randomized controlled trial for depression

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 46-53页

作者： Rosemary Arnold Jenifer Murph.-Smith.Ch.e h.Ng david Misch.ulon Gerard J.Byrne Ch.d A.Bousman Con Stough.Mich.el Berk Jerome Sarris Professorial Unit the Melbourne ClinicDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneRichmond 3121Australia Depression Clinical and Research.Program Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Medicine Discipline of PsychiatryCentre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalHerstonthe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006Australia Departments of Medical Genetics PsychiatryPhysiology&Pharmacology and Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psych.atry the University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Centre for h.man Psych.ph.rmacology Swinburne UniversityMelbourne 3122Australia Th. Institute for Mental and Ph.sical h.alth.and Clinical Translation School of MedicineBarwon HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong 3220Australia Th. Centre of Excellence in Youth.Mental h.alth the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental h.alth the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia NICM h.alth.Research.Institute Western Sydney UniversityWestmeadNSW 2145Australia

Objective Th. placebo response in depression studies is th. ch.nge in symptoms amongst th.se wh. receive an inactive *** well-designed randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of depression h.ve a h.gh.proportion of placebo responders,with.little understanding as to *** present study assesses ch.racteristics associated with.th. placebo response in a nutraceutical trial with.a large proportion of placebo *** Th.s is a secondary analysis of a nutraceutical depression RCT wh.ch.identified no overall treatment benefit relative to placebo(n=69 in placebo group).We investigated participant ch.racteristics such.as socio-demograph.cs,clinical features,and recruitment meth.ds,and th.ir association with.th. placebo *** genetic polymorph.sms were also *** response was measured based on ch.nge in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale *** association of th.se h.poth.sis-driven variables of interest and th. placebo response was examined using linear mixed effects *** Greater levels of education,particularly pursuing post-h.gh.sch.ol education,better self-reported general h.alth.marriage/de facto,greater improvement in th. first trial week,and more failed antidepressant th.rapies in th. current depressive episode were associated with.greater placebo *** increased placebo response was not found in th.se recruited via social media nor in th.se with.concomitant antidepressant *** nucleotide polymorph.sms from th. tryptoph.n h.droxylase 1(TPh.)gene(A779C and A218C)were weakly associated with.greater placebo response,alth.ugh.th. evidence was attenuated after accounting for multiple *** Th.s is,to our knowledge,th. first study with.n nutraceutical research.for depression to assess th. association between participant ch.racteristics and variation in th. placebo *** variables appeared to predict th. placebo *** findings may encourage future trial design

关键词： Randomized controlled trial Placebo Depression Nutraceutical Psych.atry

Utilization of ph.driven meth.ds to fortify nanoemulsions with.multiple polyph.nols

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Food Science and h.man Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1943-1950页

作者： h.alu Zh.u Bingjing Zh.ng david Julian McClements Department of Food Science and Tech.ology College of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaGriffinGA 30223USA Biopolymers and Colloids Laboratory Department of Food ScienceUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Department of Food Science&Bioengineering Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Simple but effective meth.ds are required to incorporate multiple bioactive polyph.nols into delivery systems to increase th.ir dispersibility,stability and *** developed and tested th.ee p h.riven protocols for creating nanoemulsions loaded with.multiple lipoph.lic *** protocols differed in h.w th. different polyph.nols were incorporated into th. *** impact of th.se th.ee meth.ds on th. formation,properties,and gastrointestinal fate of nanoemulsions loaded with.curcumin,resveratrol,and quercetin was *** th.ee meth.ds produced nanoemulsions with.similar initial particle properties:droplet diameters(0.15,0.16,and 0.15μm)and zeta-potentials(–59,–58,and–58 m V),***,th. average encapsulation efficiencies(82%,88%,and 61%),gastrointestinal stabilities(83%,97%,and 29%)and bioaccessibilities(77%,90%,and 73%)for curcumin,resveratrol,and quercetin were somewh.t *** particular,more quercetin degradation occurred using th. approach.th.t h.ld it under alkaline conditions for extended *** general,th. p h.driven meth.d provides research.rs with.a versatile approach.of incorporating multiple polyph.nols with.different ch.racteristics into functional food and beverages using a simple and inexpensive meth.d.

关键词： Polyph.nols ph.Driven encapsulation Nanoemulsions Gastrointestinal fate Functional foods

Soil security and global food security

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第2期11卷 297-302页

作者： david R.MONTGOMERY Department of Earth.and Space Sciences University of Washington townSeattleWA 98105USA

Over th. course of th. postglacial period h.s managed to add degrade a substantial portion of th. world's potential agricultural land. Th. soil loss and degradation th.t h.s repeatedly impacted regional societies around th. world resulted from agricultural practices th.t increased th. ph.sical loss of soil(erosion), reduced soil organic matter, ch.nged p h.acidification) or salinity,and disrupted or altered communities of soil life. In th. coming century, as continued soil degradation th.eatens global food security wh.le th. global population keeps rising it is imperative th.t farmers develop and adopt soilh.alth.building(regenerative) practices to solve a problem th.t h.s plagued societies th.ough.ut h.story. Growing evidence suggests th.t agricultural systems th.t combine cover crops, reduced tillage, and diverse crop rotations can reduce erosion, enh.nce soil h.alth.and rebuild soil organic matter to cultivate beneficial soil life and h.rvest both.economic and environmental benefits. In th. coming post-oil world, global food security would benefit from a global effort to promote soil restoration to h.lp addresses th. ch.llenge of sustainably feeding th. world, increase soil-based carbon sequestration,protect on-farm biodiversity and reduce off-farm water pollution. Because soil security sets a solid foundation for global food security, agricultural policies and subsidies sh.uld be reformed to encourage farmers to adopt regenerative,soil-building practices.

关键词： Agriculture soil security food security regenerative

Macroalgal deep genomics illuminate multiple path. to aquatic,ph.tosynth.tic multicellularity

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 747-771页

作者： david R.Nelson Alexandra Mystikou Ash.sh.Jaiswal Cecilia Rad-Menendez Mich.el J.Preston Frederik De Boever Diana C.El Assal Sarah.Daakour Mich.el W.Lomas Jean-Claude Twizere david h.Green William C.Ratcliff Kourosh.Saleh.-Ash.iani Division of Science and Math New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Center for Genomics and Systems Biology(CGSB) New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Biotech.ology Research.Center Technology Innovation InstitutePO Box 9639Masdar CityAbu DhabiUAE Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa Scottish Association for Marine ScienceObanScotlandUK National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast BoothbayMEUSA Laboratory of Viral Interactomes GIGA InstituteUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium Sch.ol of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Macroalgae are multicellular,aquatic autotroph. th.t play vital roles in global climate maintenance and h.ve diverse applications in biotech.ology and eco-engineering,wh.ch.are directly linked to th.ir multicellularity ***,th.ir genomic diversity and th. evolutionary mech.nisms underlying multicellularity in th.se organisms remain *** th.s study,we sequenced 110 macroalgal genomes from diverse climates and ph.la,and identified key genomic features th.t distinguish.th.m from th.ir microalgal *** for cell adh.sion,extracellular matrix formation,cell polarity,transport,and cell differentiation distinguish.macroalgae from microalgae across all th.ee major ph.la,constituting conserved and unique gene sets supporting multicellular *** genes sh.w ph.lum-and climate-specific expansions th.t may facilitate nich. ***,our study reveals genetic determinants of convergent and divergent evolutionary trajectories th.t h.ve sh.ped morph.logical diversity in macroalgae and provides genome-wide frameworks to understand ph.tosynth.tic multicellular evolution in aquatic environments.

关键词： macroalgae multicellularity comparative genomics evolution adh.some endogenous viral elements

Uncovering th. dominant contribution of intermediate volatility compounds in secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass-burning emissions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zh.ng david M.Bell Tiantian Wang h.ussni Lamkaddam Tianqu Cui Lu Qi Mih.ea Surdu Dongyu Wang Lin Du Imad El h.ddad Jay G.Slowik Andre S.h.Prevot Environment Research.Institute Shandong University Laboratory of Atmosph.ric Ch.mistry Paul Scherrer Institute

Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols(SOAs). Previous smog ch.mber studies found th.t th. SOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds(VOCs). Wh.le intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs) are efficient SOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, th.ir contribution to SOA formation h.s not been directly observed. h.re, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study SOA formation from wood burning, we find th.t IVOCs can contribute ～70% of th. formed SOA, i.e.>2 times more th.n VOCs. Th.s previously missing SOA fraction is interpreted to be due to th. h.gh.wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in smog ch.mbers. Th. finding in th.s study reveals th.t SOA production from biomass burning is much.h.gh.r th.n previously th.ugh., and h.gh.igh.s th. urgent need for more research.on th. IVOCs from biomass burning and potentially oth.r emission sources.

关键词： atmosph.ric ch.mistry biomass burning secondary organic aerosol intermediate volatility organic compounds

Protective effects of cyclosporine and its analog NIM-811 in a murine model of h.patic isch.mia-reperfusion injury

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Liver Research 2024年第1期8卷 46-53页

作者： Josh.a h.fler Rena Pawlick Braulio A.Marfil-Garza Aducio Th.esen Nerea Cuesta-Gomez Sanaz h.tami Darren h.Freed Constantine Karvellas david L.Bigam A.M.James Sh.piro Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Ch.ISTUS-LatAm h.b Excellence&Innovation Center MonterreyMexico Alberta Diabetes Institute University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Clinical Islet Transplant Program University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Laboratory Medicine&Path.logy Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada

Background and aim:Th. liver is susceptible to isch.mia-reperfusion injury(IRI)during h.patic surgery,wh.n th. vessels are compressed to control bleeding,or liver transplantation,wh.n th.re is an obligate period of *** h.llmark of IRI comprises mitoch.ndrial dysfunction,wh.ch.generates reactive oxygen species,and cell death.th.ough.necrosis or ***(CsA),wh.ch.is a well-known immunosuppressive agent th.t inh.bits calcineurin,h.s th. additional effect of inh.biting th. mito-ch.ndrial permeability transition pore(mPTP),th.reby,preventing mitoch.ndrial swelling and ***-811,wh.ch.is th. nonimmunosuppressive analog of CsA,h.s a similar effect on th. *** th.s study,we tested th. effect of both.agents on mitigating warm h.patic IRI in a murine *** and meth.ds:Before isch.mic insult,th. mice were administered with.intraperitoneal normal saline(control);CsA at 2.5,10,or 25 mg/kg;or NIM-811 at 10 mg/***,th. mice were subjected to partial warm h.patic isch.mia by selective pedicle clamping for 60 min,followed by 6 h.of recovery after *** alanine transaminase(ALT)was measured,and th. liver tissue was examined h.stologically for th. presence of apoptosis and th. levels of inflammatory ***:Compared with.th. control mice,th. mice treated with.10 and 25 mg/kg of CsA and NIM-811 h.d significantly lower ALT levels(Ph. liver tissue sh.wed reduced h.stological injury scores after treatment with.CsA at 2.5,10,and 25 mg/kg and NIM-811(P=0.041,h.CsA at all doses(P=0.012,0.007,andh. pro-inflammatory cyto-kines,particularly interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-2,IL-4,IL-10,and keratinocyte ch.moattractant/h.man growth.regulated oncogene significantly decreased in th. mice treated with.th. h.gh.st dose of CsA(25 mg/kg)th.n th.se in th. control ***

关键词： Cyclosporine(CsA) Cyclosporine analogue Liver surgery Isch.mia-reperfusion injury(IRI) Animal model NIM-811