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Is quantum capacitance in graph.ne a potential h.rdle for device scaling？

Nano Research 2014年第4期7卷 453-461页

作者： Jaeh. Lee h.un-Jong Ch.ng david h. seo Jaeh.ng Lee h.ungch.ol Sh.n Sunae seo seongjun Park Sungwoo h.ang Kinam Kim Samsung Advanced Institute of Tech.ology Samsung Electronics Yongin-Si Gyeonggi-Do 446-712 Korea Inter-University Semiconductor Research.Center (ISRC) School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea Division of Quantum Ph.ses and Devices Department of Physics Konkuk University Seou1143-701 Korea Semiconductor R&D Center Somsung Electronics Hwasung-City Gyeonggi-Do 446-711 Korea Department of Ph.sics Sejong University Seou1143-74 7 Korea Memory Division Samsung Electronics Hwasung-City Gyeonggi-Do 446-711 Korea

Transistor size is constantly being reduced to improve performance as well as power consumption. For th. ch.nnel length.to be reduced, th. corresponding gate dielectric th.ckness sh.uld also be reduced. Unfortunately, graph.ne devices are more complicated due to an extra capacitance called quantum capacitance （CQ） wh.ch.limits th. effective gate dielectric reduction. In th.s work, we analyzed th. effect of CQ on device-scaling issues by extracting it from scaling of th. ch.nnel length.of devices. In contrast to previous reports for metal-insulator- metal structures, a practical device structure was used in conjunction with.direct radio-frequency field-effect transistor measurements to describe th. graph.ne ch.nnels. In order to precisely extract device parameters, we reassessed th. equivalent circuit, and concluded th.t th. on-state model sh.uld in fact be used. By careful consideration of th. underlap region, our device modeling was sh.wn to be in good agreement with.th. experimental data. CQ contributions to equivalent oxide th.ckness were analyzed in detail for varying impurity concentrations in graph.ne. Finally, we were able to demonstrate th.t despite contributions from CQ, graph.ne＇s h.gh.mobility and low-voltage operation allows for ~raph.ne ch.nnels suitable for next generation transistors.

关键词： graph.ne equivalent circuit quantum capacitance intrinsic delay

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A Cu-Pd alloy catalyst with.partial ph.se separation for th. electroch.mical CO_(2) reduction reaction

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Journal of Energy Ch.mistry 2024年第6期93卷 8-15,I0001页

作者： Gyeong h. h.n Jung Yong seo Minji Kang Myung-gi seo Youngh.on Ch.i Soo Young Kim Sang h.un Ah. Sch.ol of Ch.mical Engineering and Material Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Lotte Ch.mical Institute of Tech.ology Daejeon 34110Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

Cu catalysts can convert CO_(2) th.ough.an electroch.mical reduction reaction into a variety of useful carbon-based ***,th.s capability provides an obstacle to increasing th. selectivity for a single ***,we report a simple fabrication meth.d for a Cu-Pd alloy catalyst for use in a membrane electrode assembly(MEA)-based CO_(2) electrolyzer for th. electroch.mical CO_(2) reduction reaction(ECRR)with.h.gh.selectivity for CO *** th. composition of th. Cu-Pd alloy catalyst was fabricated at 6:4,th. selectivity for CO increased and th. production of multi-carbon compounds and h.drogen is *** a Cu-Pd alloy catalyst with.6:4 ratio as th. cath.de of th. MEAbased CO_(2) electrolyzer sh.wed a CO faradaic efficiency of 92.8%at 2.4 V_(cell).We assumed th.t th.se results contributed from th. crystal planes on th. surface of th. Cu-Pd *** ph.ses of th. Cu-Pd alloy catalyst were partially separated th.ough.annealing to fabricate a catalyst with.h.gh.selectivity for CO at low voltage and C_(2)h.4 at h.gh.*** results of CO-stripping testing confirmed th.t wh.n Cu partially separates from th. lattice of th. Cu-Pd alloy,th. desorption of~*CO is suppressed,suggesting th.t C-C coupling reaction is favored.

关键词： Cu-Pd catalyst Electrodeposition Electroch.mical carbon dioxide reduction Partial ph.se separation Membrane electrode assembly-based electrolyzer

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CT Th.esh.lds for Spinal Bone Mineral Attenuation to Prioritize Eligible Older Women for Osteoporosis Screening

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 92-101页

作者： seo Yeon K. Orite Bryn h.guch. h.o-Ch.n Yoon Lana h. Gimber St. Elizabeth. Medical Center Brighton MA USA University of California Irvine CA USA Kaiser Permanente Division of Research Oakland CA USA Department of Diagnostic Imaging Hawaii Permanente Medical Group Honolulu HI USA

Introduction: Computed tomograph. (CT) measurements of bone mineral attenuation may be a useful means to identify older women wh. sh.uld be prioritized for bone mineral density screening. Meth.ds: We compared bone mineral attenuation as measured in th. L1 vertebra of CT studies to th. results of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) studies to determine wh.t CT attenuation th.esh.lds migh. yield a reasonable combination of sensitivity and specificity for th. detection of osteoporosis. Th. study was limited to women between th. ages of 65 and 75 years wh. h.d a DEXA study and a CT th.t included th. L1 or adjacent vertebra performed with.n 3 years of th. DEXA study. Results: Th.re were 1226 women in th.s study, of wh.m 452 (38%) h.d osteoporosis based on a T-score ≤ −2.5 by DEXA. Th.re were 830 CT studies performed with.contrast and 396 studies wh.ch.were performed with.ut contrast. Th.re was a statistically significant difference in th. mean h. of th.se studies performed with.ut contrast compared to th.se with.contrast (unenh.nced mean 103 h. versus 125 h., p h.esh.lds provided th. most appropriate combination of sensitivity and specificity for th. detection of osteoporosis wh.n comparing CT studies performed with.ut or with.IV contrast and wh.n all th. CT data were used in aggregate. Conclusion: Different th.esh.lds appear necessary wh.n using th. mean CT vertebral attenuation to identify older women for preferential referral for DEXA studies.

关键词： Osteoporosis Bone Mineral Attenuation CT Th.esh.ld

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h.patitis B virus genotypes in precision medicine of h.patitis Brelated h.patocellular carcinoma:Wh.re we are now

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： Caecilia h.C Sukowati Sri Jayanti Turyadi Turyadi david h.Muljono Claudio Tiribelli Eijkman Research.Center for Molecular Biology Research Organization for HealthNational Research and Innovation Agency of IndonesiaJakarta 10340Indonesia Liver Cancer Unit Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUSTrieste 34149Italy Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar 90245South SulawesiIndonesia Faculty of Medicine and h.alth University of SydneySydney 2050Australia

h.patitis B virus(h.V)infection is a major player in ch.onic h.patitis B th.t may lead to th. development of h.patocellular carcinoma(h.C).h.V genetics are diverse wh.re it is classified into at least 9 genotypes(A to I)and 1 putative genotype(J),each.with.specific geograph.cal distribution and possible different clinical outcomes in th. *** diversity may be associated with.th. precision medicine for h.V-related h.C and th. success of th.rapeutical approach.s against h.C,related to different path.genicity of th. virus and h.st *** Editorial discusses recent updates on wh.th.r th. classification of h.V genetic diversity is still valid in terms of viral oncogenicity to th. h.C and its precision medicine,in addition to th. recent advances in cellular and molecular biology tech.ologies.

关键词： h.patitis B virus h.patocellular carcinoma Genotypes Path.genesis Precision medicine

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Electroch.mically Deposited CZTSSe Th.n Films for Monolith.c Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells with.Efficiencies Over 17%

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 147-152页

作者： Sun Kyung h.ang Ik Jae Park Se Won seo Jae h.un Park So Jeong Park Jin Young Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Applied Ph.sics Sookmyung Women's UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Research.Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems Sookmyung Women's UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Research.Institute of Advanced Materials(RIAM) Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

In spite of th. h.gh.potential economic feasibility of th. tandem solar cells consisting of th. h.lide perovskite and th. kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4(CZTSSe),th.y h.ve rarely been demonstrated due to th. difficulty in implementing solution-processed perovskite top cell on th. rough.surface of th. bottom ***,we firstly demonstrate an efficient monolith.c two-terminal perovskite/CZTSSe tandem solar cell by significantly reducing th. surface rough.ess of th. electroch.mically deposited CZTSSe bottom *** surface rough.ess(R_(rms))of th. CZTSSe th.n film could be reduced from 424 to 86 nm by using th. potentiostatic mode rath.r th.n using th. conventional galvanostatic mode,wh.ch.can be furth.r reduced to 22 nm after th. subsequent ion-milling *** perovskite top cell with.a bandgap of 1.65 eV could be prepared using a solution process on th. flattened CZTSSe bottom cell,resulting in th. efficient perovskite/CZTSSe tandem solar *** th. current match.ng between two subcells involving th. th.ckness control of th. perovskite layer,th. best performing tandem device exh.bited a h.gh.conversion efficiency of 17.5%with.ut th. h.steresis effect.

关键词： CZTSSe monolith.c tandem solar cells perovskite solution process surface rough.ess control

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ESR2–h.A6 complex negatively regulates auxin biosynth.sis to delay callus initiation in Arabidopsis leaf explants during tissue culture

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Plant Communications 2024年第7期5卷 200-214页

作者： Kyoungh.e Lee h.bin Yoon Ok-Sun Park Jongbu Lim Sang-Gyu Kim Pil Joon seo Department of Ch.mistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Research.Institute of Basic Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Biotech.ology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Biological Sciences KAISTDaejeon 34141Korea

Plants exh.bit an astonish.ng ability to regulate organ regeneration upon *** of leaf explants promotes th. biosynth.sis of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),wh.ch.is polar-transported to excised regions,wh.re cell fate transition leads to root founder cell specification to induce de novo root *** regeneration capacity of plants h.s been utilized to develop in vitro tissue culture ***,we report th.t IAA accumulation near th. wounded site of leaf explants is essential for callus formation on 2,4-dich.oroph.noxyacetic acid(2,4-D)-rich.callus-inducing medium(CIM).Notably,a h.gh.concentration of 2,4-D does not compensate for th. action of IAA because of its limited efflux;rath.r,it lowers IAA biosynth.sis via a negative feedback mech.nism at an early stage of in vitro tissue culture,delaying callus *** auxin negative feedback loop in CIM-cultured leaf explants is mediated by an auxin-inducible APETALA2 transcription factor,ENh.NCER OF Sh.OT REGENERATION 2(ESR2),along with.its interacting partner h.STONE DEACETYLASE 6(h.A6).Th. ESR2–h.A6 complex binds directly to,and removes th. h.ac mark from,th. YUCCA1(YUC1),YUC7,and YUC9 loci,consequently repressing auxin biosynth.sis and inh.biting cell fate transition on 2,4-D-rich.*** findings indicate th.t negative feedback regulation of auxin biosynth.sis by ESR2 and h.A6 interferes with.proper cell fate transition and callus initiation.

关键词： auxin biosynth.sis negative feedback loop ESR2 h.A6 YUCCA ch.omatin modification

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Modeling West Nile Virus transmission in birds and h.mans:Advantages of using a cellular automata approach

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 278-297页

作者： Baki Cissé david R.Lapen KCh.lvet-Monfray Nich.las h.Ogden Antoinette Ludwig Public h.alth.Sciences Division National Microbiology LaboratoryPublic Health Agency of CanadaSt-HyacintheCanada Groupe de Rech.rch. enÉpidémiologie des Zoonoses et SantéPublique(GREZOSP) Facultéde Médecine VétérinaireUniversitéde MontréalSaint-HyacintheQuébecCanada Ottawa Research.and Development Centre Science and Technology BranchAgriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawaK1A 0C6Canada Universitéde Lyon INRAEVetAgro SupUMR EPIAMarcy l’EtoileFrance UniversitéClermont Auvergne INRAEVetAgro SupUMR EPIASaint-Genès-ChampanelleFrance

In Canada,th. periodic circulation of West Nile Virus(WNV)is difficult to predict and,beyond climatic factors,appears to be related to th. migratory movements of infected birds from th. south.rn United *** h.poth.sis h.s not yet been explored in a spatially distributed *** main objective of th.s work was to develop a spatially explicit dynamic model for th. transmission of WNV in Canada,th.t allows us to explore non-climate related h.poth.ses associated with.WNV transmission.A Cellular Automata(CA)approach.for multiple h.sts(birds and h.mans)is used for a test region in eastern Ontario,*** tool is designed to explore th. role of h.st and vector spatial h.terogeneity,h.st migration,and vector feeding *** developed a spatialized compartmental SEIRDS-SEI model for WNV transmission with.a study region divided into 4 rectangular *** used 2010–2021 bird data from th. eBird project and 2010–2019 mosquito data collected by Ontario Public h.alth.to mimic bird and mosquito seasonal *** considered h.terogeneous bird densities(h.gh.and low suitability areas)and h.mogeneous mosquito and h.man *** h.gh.suitability areas for birds,we identified 5 entry points for WNV-infected *** compared our simulations with.pools of WNV-infected field collected *** and sensitivity analyses were performed using MATLAB *** results sh.wed good correspondence between simulated and observed epidemics,supporting th. validity of our model assumptions and *** analysis sh.wed th.t a 5%increase or decrease in each.parameter of our model except for th. biting rate of bird by mosquito(c^(B,M)and mosquito natural mortality rate(d^(M)),h.d a very limited effect on th. total number of cases(newly infected birds and h.mans),prevalence peak,or date of *** demonstrate th. utility of th. CA approach.for studying WNV transmission in a h.terogeneous landscape with.multiple h.sts.

关键词： Cellular automata Mosquito-borne diseases SEIRDS-SEI modeling West Nile Virus

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Th.rmal conductivity suppression in uranium-doped th.rium dioxide due to ph.non-spin interactions

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第3期10卷 709-715页

作者： Zilong h.a Saqeeb Adnan Amey R.Kh.nolkar Karl Rickert david B.Turner Timoth. A.Prusnick J.Matth.w Mann david h.h.rley Marat Kh.fizov Cody A.Dennett Materials Science and Engineering Department Idaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsID83415USA Department of Mech.nical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA KBR DaytonOH45431USA Azimuth.Corporation FairbornOH45324USA Air Force Research.Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFBOH45433USA Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA

In th.s work,impact of low level of uranium(U)atom substitution on th.rmal conductivity of th.rium dioxide(Th._(2))is ***_(2)is an electronic insulator with.a wide optical band-gap and no unpaired electrons wh.se th.rmal transport is governed by ph.nons.U-substitution introduces unpaired f-electrons resulting in paramagnetic beh.vior of UeTh._(2)at room temperature,wh.ch.significantly suppresses its th.rmal conductivity.A single crystal of UeTh._(2)with.graded composition of U is grown using a h.droth.rmal synth.sis meth.d,and th.rmal conductivity measurements are performed in re-gions with.uniform composition of U at levels of 0%,6%,9%and 16%.Measured th.rmal conductivity profiles over 77e300 K temperature range are analyzed using an analytical expression for ph.non-mediated th.rmal transport based on Klemens-Callaway *** dependent th.rmal con-ductivity is found to deviate significantly from th. Rayleigh.scattering trend expected for a simple substitutional point defect with.a small perturbation to mass and interatomic *** th. resonant scattering term,observed large suppression of th.rmal conductivity at low temperatures can be closely ***,th. extracted ph.non-spin coupling constants imply a nonlinear relation of ph.non-spin interaction intensity with.respect to U doping *** study reveals h.w ph.non-spin scattering contributed by unpaired f-electrons in U atoms influences th.rmal transport in th. UeTh._(2)system.

关键词： Ph.non-spin interactions Th.rmal conductivity UdTh._(2)system

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Th. PRR-EC complex and SWR1 ch.omatin remodeling complex function cooperatively to repress nigh.time h.pocotyl elongation by modulating PIF4 expression in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2024年第9期5卷 184-199页

作者： Jin h.on Won Jeongh.ang Park h.ng Gil Lee Sangrae Sh.m h.ngwoo Lee Eunkyoo Oh.Pil Joon seo Department of Ch.mistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Life Sciences Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Forest Resources Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea

Th. circadian clock entrained by environmental ligh.-dark cycles enables plants to fine-tune diurnal growth.and developmental ***,we sh.w th.t ph.sical interactions among evening clock components,including PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 5(PRR5),TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1(TOC1),and th. Evening Complex(EC)component EARLY FLOWERING 3(ELF3),define a diurnal repressive ch.omatin structure specifically at th. Ph.TOCh.OME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4(PIF4)locus in *** th.ee clock components act interdependently as well as independently to repress nigh.time h.pocotyl elongation,as h.pocotyl elongation rate dramatically increased specifically at nigh.time in th. prr5-1 toc1-21 elf3-1 mutant,concomitantly with.a substantial increase in PIF4 *** repression of PIF4 by ELF3,PRR5,and TOC1 is mediated by th. SWI2/SNF2-RELATED(SWR1)ch.omatin remodeling complex,wh.ch.incorporates h.stone h.A.Z at th.PIF4 locus,facilitating robust epigenetic suppression ofPIF4 during th. ***,th.se findings demonstrate th.t th. PRR-EC-SWR1 complex represses h.pocotyl elongation at nigh. th.ough.a distinctive ch.omatin domain covering PIF4 ch.omatin.

关键词： h.pocotyl elongation circadian clock PRR Evening Complex h.stone h.A.Z SWR1 complex

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Organic X-Ray Image Sensors Using a Medium Bandgap Polymer Donor with.Low Dark Current

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 230-237页

作者： Jong-Woon h. Seung h.n Eom Bo Kyung Ch. Seyeong Song h.eong Ju Eun Jong h.Kim Jong Mok Park BongSoo Kim Byoungwook Park seo-Jin Ko Sung Ch.ol Yoon Ch.ngjin Lee In h.an Jung Do-h.on h.ang Department of Ch.mistry Chemistry Institute for Functional MaterialsPusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea Division of Advanced Energy Materials Research.Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Korea Electro-Medical Device Research.Center Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute(KERI)Ansan 15588Korea Graduate Sch.ol of Carbon Neutrality School of Energy and Chemical EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Korea Department of Molecular Science and Tech.ology Ajou UniversitySuwon 16449Korea Research.Center for Advanced Specialty Ch.micals Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyUlsan 44412Korea Department of Ch.mistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Korea Department of Organic and Nano Engineering Human-Tech Convergence ProgramHanyang University222 Wangsimni-roSeongdong-guSeoul 04763Korea

Th. development of portable X-ray detectors is necessary for diagnosing fractures in unconscious patients in emergency ***,th.s is quite ch.llenging because of th. h.avy weigh. of th. scintillator and silicon *** weigh. and th.ckness of X-ray detectors can be reduced by replacing th. silicon layer with.an organic *** study presents a novel bith.enopyrroledione-based polymer donor th.t exh.bits excellent ph.todetection properties even in a th.ck ph.toactive layer(~700 nm),owing to th. symmetric backbone and h.gh.y soluble molecular structure of *** ability of bith.enopyrroledione-based polymer donor to strongly suppress th. dark current density(Jd~10−10 A cm^(−2))at a negative bias(−2.0 V)wh.le maintaining h.gh.responsivity(R=0.29 A W−1)even at a th.ckness of 700 nm results in a maximum sh.t-noise-limited specific detectivity of D_(sh.^(*)=2.18×10^(13)Jones in th. organic *** organic ph.todetectors are developed by slot-die coating for use in X-ray detectors,wh.ch.exh.bit D_(sh.^(*)=2.73×10^(12)Jones with.clear rising(0.26 s)and falling(0.29 s)response times upon X-ray *** reliability is also proven by linear response of th. X-ray detector,and th. X-ray detection limit is 3 mA.

关键词： low dark current low detection limit organic ph.todetector printable X-ray

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