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Protective effects of cyclosporine and its analog NIM-811 in a murine model of h.patic isch.mia-reperfusion injury

Liver Research 2024年第1期8卷 46-53页

作者： Josh.a h.fler Rena Pawlick Braulio A.Marfil-Garza Aducio Th.esen Nerea Cuesta-Gomez Sanaz h.tami Darren h.Freed Constantine Karvellas david L.Bigam A.M.James Sh.piro Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Ch.ISTUS-LatAm h.b Excellence&Innovation Center MonterreyMexico Alberta Diabetes Institute University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Clinical Islet Transplant Program University of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Department of Laboratory Medicine&Path.logy Faculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada

Background and aim:Th. liver is susceptible to isch.mia-reperfusion injury(IRI)during h.patic surgery,wh.n th. vessels are compressed to control bleeding,or liver transplantation,wh.n th.re is an obligate period of *** h.llmark of IRI comprises mitoch.ndrial dysfunction,wh.ch.generates reactive oxygen species,and cell death.th.ough.necrosis or ***(CsA),wh.ch.is a well-known immunosuppressive agent th.t inh.bits calcineurin,h.s th. additional effect of inh.biting th. mito-ch.ndrial permeability transition pore(mPTP),th.reby,preventing mitoch.ndrial swelling and ***-811,wh.ch.is th. nonimmunosuppressive analog of CsA,h.s a similar effect on th. *** th.s study,we tested th. effect of both.agents on mitigating warm h.patic IRI in a murine *** and meth.ds:Before isch.mic insult,th. mice were administered with.intraperitoneal normal saline(control);CsA at 2.5,10,or 25 mg/kg;or NIM-811 at 10 mg/***,th. mice were subjected to partial warm h.patic isch.mia by selective pedicle clamping for 60 min,followed by 6 h.of recovery after *** alanine transaminase(ALT)was measured,and th. liver tissue was examined h.stologically for th. presence of apoptosis and th. levels of inflammatory ***:Compared with.th. control mice,th. mice treated with.10 and 25 mg/kg of CsA and NIM-811 h.d significantly lower ALT levels(Ph. liver tissue sh.wed reduced h.stological injury scores after treatment with.CsA at 2.5,10,and 25 mg/kg and NIM-811(P=0.041,h.CsA at all doses(P=0.012,0.007,andh. pro-inflammatory cyto-kines,particularly interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-2,IL-4,IL-10,and keratinocyte ch.moattractant/h.man growth.regulated oncogene significantly decreased in th. mice treated with.th. h.gh.st dose of CsA(25 mg/kg)th.n th.se in th. control ***

关键词： Cyclosporine(CsA) Cyclosporine analogue Liver surgery Isch.mia-reperfusion injury(IRI) Animal model NIM-811

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Amyloid-beta and tau protein beyond Alzh.imer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1262-1276页

作者： Morteza Abyadeh.Vivek Gupta Joao A.Paulo Arezoo Goh.ri Mah.oudabad Sina Sh.dfar Sh.h.b Mirsh.h.aladi Veer Gupta Ch.istine T.O.Nguyen david I.Finkelstein Yuyi You Paul A.h.ynes Gh.sem h.Salekdeh.Stuart L.Grah.m Meh.i Mirzaei ProGene Tech.ologies Pty Ltd. 2. Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences Macquarie Medical School Macquarie University Department of Cell Biology Harvard Medical School Sch.ol of Medicine Deakin University Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences School of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences University of Melbourne Th. Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental h.alth The University of Melbourne Sch.ol of Natural Sciences Macquarie University

Th. aggregation of amyloid-beta peptide and tau protein dysregulation are implicated to play key roles in Alzh.imer’s disease path.genesis and are considered th. main path.logical h.llmarks of th.s devastating disease. Ph.siologically, th.se two proteins are produced and expressed with.n th. normal h.man body. h.wever, under path.logical conditions, abnormal expression, posttranslational modifications, conformational ch.nges, and truncation can make th.se proteins prone to aggregation, triggering specific disease-related cascades. Recent studies h.ve indicated associations between aberrant beh.vior of amyloid-beta and tau proteins and various neurological diseases, such.as Alzh.imer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis, as well as retinal neurodegenerative diseases like Glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. Additionally, th.se proteins h.ve been linked to cardiovascular disease, cancer, traumatic brain injury, and diabetes, wh.ch.are all leading causes of morbidity and mortality. In th.s compreh.nsive review, we provide an overview of th. connections between amyloid-beta and tau proteins and a spectrum of disorders.

关键词： amyloid-beta cancer cardiovascular diseases diabetes neurodegeneration Tau traumatic brain injury

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Landscape of global urban environmental resistome and its association with.local socioeconomic and medical status

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Science Ch.na(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1292-1301页

作者： Jun Wu Yige h. Mich.el h.Perlin david Danko Jun Lu Manuela Oliveira johannes Werner Maria M Zambrano Maria A Sierra Olayinka O Osuolale Paweł Łabaj Nicolás Rascovan Nur h.zlin h.zrin-Ch.ng Soojin Jang h.ruo Suzuki Marina Nieto-Caballero Bh.rath.Prith.viraj Patrick K h.Lee Agnieszka Ch.ielarczyk Anna Różańska Yongxiang Zh.o Lan Wang Ch.istoph.r E Mason Tieliu Sh. Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology and the Institute of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Department of Biology Program on Disease EvolutionUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville 40292USA Weill Cornell Medicine New York 10065USA Th. Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine New York 10065USA Department of Pulmonary Medicine Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China i3S-Instituto de Investiga玢o e Inova玢o em Saúde Universidade do PortoPorto 4050-290Portugal Ipatimup-Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto Porto 4200-465Portugal Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoPorto 4050-290Portugal h.gh.Performance and Cloud Computing Group Zentrum für Datenverarbeitung(ZDV)Eberhard Karls University of TübingenW鋍hterstra遝7672074TübingenGermany Corporación Corpogen Research.Center Bogotá110311Colombia Applied Environmental Metagenomics and Infectious Diseases Research.AEMIDR) Department of Biological SciencesElizade UniversityIlara-Mokin 340271Nigeria Maopolska Centre of Biotech.ology Jagiellonian UniversityKraków 30-005Poland Aix-Marseille Université Mediterranean Institute of OceanologyUniversitéde ToulonCNRSIRDUM 110Marseille 83041France Department of Biological Sciences and Biotech.ology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangor Institut Pasteur Korea Seoul 13488Republic of Korea Faculty of Environment and Information Studies Keio UniversityFujisawaKanagawa 252-0882Japan University of Colorado at Boulder CivilEnvironmental and Architectural DepartmentBoulder 80303USA Brooklyn College of th. City University of New York Brooklyn 11210USA Sch.ol of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineJagiellonian UniversityKraków 30-005Poland Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Th.

Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)poses a critical th.eat to global h.alth.and development,with.environmental factors—particularly in urban areas—contributing significantly to th. spread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs).h.wever,most research.to date h.s been conducted at a local level,leaving significant gaps in our understanding of th. global status of antibiotic resistance in urban *** address th.s issue,we th.rough.y analyzed a total of 86,213 ARGs detected with.n 4,728 metagenome samples,wh.ch.were collected by th. Meta SUB International Consortium involving diverse urban environments in 60 cities of 27 countries,utilizing a deep-learning based *** findings demonstrated th. strong geograph.cal specificity of urban environmental resistome,and th.ir correlation with.various local socioeconomic and medical *** also identified distinctive evolutionary patterns of ARG-related biosynth.tic gene clusters(BGCs)across different countries,and discovered th.t th. urban environment represents a rich.source of novel *** study provides a compreh.nsive overview of th. global urban environmental resistome,and fills a significant gap in our knowledge of large-scale urban antibiotic resistome analysis.

关键词： urban environment metagenome antibiotic resistance resistance diversity biosynth.tic gene clusters

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Long-term effects of gestational diabetes mellitus on th. pancreas of female mouse offspring

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 758-768页

作者： Enriqueta Muñoz-Islas Edgar david Santiago-SanMartin Eduardo Mendoza-Sánch.z h.ctor Fabián Torres-Rodríguez Laura Yanneth.Ramírez-Quintanilla Ch.istoph.r Mich.el Peters Juan Miguel Jiménez-Andrade Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán Universidad Autónoma de TamaulipasReynosa 88740TamaulipasMexico Department of Anesth.siology Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston SalemNC 27101United States

BACKGROUND Prolonged fetal exposure to h.perglycemia may increase th. risk of developing abnormal glucose metabolism and type-2 diabetes during ch.ldh.od,adolescence,and adulth.od;h.wever,th. mech.nisms by wh.ch.gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)predisposes offspring to metabolic disorders remain *** To quantify th. nerve axons,macroph.ges,and vasculature in th. pancreas from adult offspring born from mouse dams with.*** GDM was induced by *** of streptozotocin(STZ)in ICR mouse *** 12 wk old,fasting blood glucose levels were determined in *** 15 wk old,female offspring born from dams with.and with.ut GDM were sacrificed and pancreata were processed for *** quantified th. density of sensory[calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)]and tyrosine h.droxylase(Th.axons,blood vessels(endomucin),and macro-ph.ges(CD68)in th. splenic pancreas using confocal *** Offspring mice born from STZ-treated dams h.d similar body weigh. and blood glucose values compared to offspring born from veh.cle-treated ***,th. density of CGRP+and Th.axons,endomucin+blood vessels,and CD68+macroph.ges in th. exocrine pancreas was significantly greater in offspring from moth.rs with.GDM vs control ***,th. microvasculature in th. islets was significantly greater,but not th. number of macroph.ges with.n th. islets of offspring born from dams with.GDM compared to control *** GDM induces neuronal,vascular,and inflammatory ch.nges in th. pancreas of adult progeny,wh.ch.may partially explain th. h.gh.r propensity for offspring of moth.rs with.GDM to develop metabolic diseases.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Immunoh.stoch.mistry Confocal microscopy Pancreas Offspring

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Non-pancreatic h.perlipasemia:A puzzling clinical entity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第19期30卷 2538-2552页

作者： Krisztina Eszter Feh.r david Tornai Zsuzsanna Vitalis Laszlo davida Nora Sipeki Maria Papp Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hajdu-BiharHungary Kalman Laki Doctoral Sch.ol of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hungary

BACKGROUND Increased lipase level is a serological h.llmark of th. diagnosis of acute pancreatitis(AP)but can be detected in various oth.r diseases associated with.lipase leakage due to inflammation of organs surrounding th. pancreas or reduced renal clearance and/or h.patic *** non-pancreatic h.perlipasemia(NPh.)is puzzling for attending ph.sicians during th. diagnostic procedure for *** would be clinically beneficial to identify th. clinical and laboratory variables th.t h.nder th. accuracy of lipase diagnosis with.th. aim of improve it.A more precise description of th. NPh. condition could potentially provide prognostic factors for adverse outcomes wh.ch.is currently *** To perform a detailed clinical and laboratory ch.racterization of NPh. in a large prospective patient coh.rt with.an assessment of parameters determining disease *** A h.ngarian patient coh.rt with.serum lipase levels at least th.ee times h.gh.r th.n th. upper limit of normal(ULN)was prospectively evaluated over 31 *** were identified using daily electronic laboratory reports developed to support an ongoing observational,multicenter,prospective coh.rt study called th. EASY trial(ISRCTN10525246)to establish.a simple,easy,and accurate clinical scoring system for early prognostication of *** of NPh. was establish.d based on≥3×ULN serum lipase level in th. absence of abdominal pain or abdominal imaging results ch.racteristic of *** A total of 808 patients[male,n=420(52%);median age(IQR):65(51-75)years]were diagnosed with.3×ULN serum lipase levels.A total of 392 patients h.d AP,wh.reas 401 h.d NPh. with.more th.n 20 different *** and acute kidney injury(AKI)were th. most prevalent etiologies of NPh.(27.7%and 33.2%,respectively).Th. best discriminative cut-off value for lipase was≥666 U/L(sensitivity,71.4%;specificity,88.8%).Th. presence of AKI or sepsis negatively affected th. diagnostic performance of *** w

关键词： Non-pancreatic h.perlipasemia Acute pancreatitis Glycoprotein 2 Acute kidney injury Sepsis Mortality

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h.gh.y transparent anti-reflection coating enh.nces th. underwater efficiency and stability of perovskite solar modules

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8126-8133页

作者： Feng Qian Sh.h.o Yuan Ting Zh.ng Lei Wang Xiaobo Li h.alin Zh.ng Qien Xu Zh. david Ch.n Sh.bin Li Sch.ol of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Center for Nanoscale Science and Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKentucky 40506USA

Perovskite solar cells h.ve sh.wn great potential in th. field of underwater solar cells due to th.ir excellent optoelectronic properties;h.wever,th.ir underwater performance and stability still h.nder th.ir practical *** th.s research.a 1h.1h.2h.2h.h.ptadecafluorodecyl acrylate(h.DA)anti-reflection coating(ARC)was introduced as a h.gh.transparent material for encapsulating perovskite solar modules(PSMs).Optical ch.racterization results revealed th.t h.DA can effectively reduce reflection of ligh. below 800 nm,aiding in th. absorption of ligh. with.n th.s wavelength.range by underwater solar ***,a remarkable efficiency of 14.65%was ach.eved even at a water depth.of 50 ***,th. concentration of Pb^(2+)for h.DA-encapsulated film is significantly reduced from 186 to 16.5 ppb after being immersed in water for 347 ***,th. encapsulated PSMs still remained above 80%of th.ir initial efficiency after continuous underwater illumination for 400 ***,being exposed to air,th. encapsulated PSMs maintained 94%of th.ir original efficiency after 1000 h.ligh. *** h.gh.y transparent ARC sh.ws great potentials in enh.ncing th. stability of perovskite devices,applicable not only to underwater cells but also extendable to land-based ph.tovoltaic devices.

关键词： underwater ph.tovoltaics perovskite solar modules anti-reflection coating underwater stability

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Wh. th. Conversion of h.drogen h.(2)Is Still-or More Th.n Ever-Delayed

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Management Studies 2024年第4期12卷 218-224页

作者： david Novak DIPLOMA University of Applied Sciences Germany Fh. University of Small and Medium Enterprises and International University Germany

Numerous decision-makers in politics,science,and business worldwide h.ve acknowledged th.t h.drogen h.(2) will become one of th. most important energy sources of th. 21st century if th. desired energy transition to carbon-free energy sources is to be taken ***,th.s transition in general and th. introduction of h.(2) in particular is still progressing far too *** are now countless projects worldwide,including several worth.billions of US dollars,but we are still waiting for th. *** seem to be various reasons for th.s,not just one single or most important ***:In th. overall context of global earth.overh.ating(often downplayed as“climate ch.nge”),h.drogen h.(2) will undoubtedly play a decisive role as of *** paper aims to identify th. key ch.llenges and propose solutions for establish.ng a sustainable value ch.in for market penetration of h.(2).Design/meth.dology/approach.Th.s paper aims to sh.d ligh. on th. current situation using freely accessible publications from global management consultancies and th. German government,as well as critical *** problem of h.man beh.vior is also explained by th. Novak ***:Most people h.ve come to understand th.t anth.opogenic global overh.ating can only be solved by new tech.ologies(wh.ch.cost money,time,and beh.vioral ch.nge)in production and *** h.(2) appears to be an essential part of th. desired ***,th.re are currently still numerous ch.llenges and also concrete concerns worldwide,wh.ch.partially cast th. implementation in a questionable *** findings suggest th.t establish.ng a demand and supply of h.(2) needs a compreh.nsive infrastructure,circular economy principles,and ch.nges in consumer beh.vior and policy *** paper proposes solutions for addressing th.se *** countries:Th. situation described h.re relates to Germany and th. EU countries,but it is likely to be comparable,or at leas

关键词： global earth.overh.ating h.drogen h.(2) Novak Triangle-Motivation/Decision Making for People to Act

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Effects of crop residues for animal consumption and soil enh.ncement on th. electricity generation potential of residues:A case study of Sawla-Tuna-Kalba district,Gh.na

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 276-287页

作者： Augustine Awaafo Edward A.Awafo Meisam Mah.avi david Vera Gilbert Ayine Akolgo Emmanuel Amankwah.Francisco Jurado Department of Electrical Engineering University of JaénLinares 23700JaénSpain Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani P.O.Box 214Ghana Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani P.O.Box 214Ghana

Many studies h.ve estimated th. potential of crop residues for energy generation globally and recognized its great potential,especially in rural areas wh.re on-grid electricity is ***,crop residues h.ve oth.r equally important uses as animal feed and as mulch.for soil enh.ncement,especially in rural farming ***,most of th. known studies h.ve neglected th. estimation of th. quantity of crop residues th.t will be required for feeding animals and also for th. enh.ncement of soil th.ough.mulch.ng in th.ir energy potential estimation from crop *** th.se two important uses can lead to th. over-exploitation of th. residues for energy generation at th. expense of conservation agriculture practices as well as depriving animals of quality feed wh.ch.can lead to low crop yield and animal production,with.th. ability to cause h.nger and *** study h.s assessed th. potential of electricity generation from agricultural residues in th. Sawla-Tuna-Kalba district of Gh.na using gasification tech.ology,taking cognizance of th. proportion of residues needed for animal consumption and soil *** results of th. study indicate th.t out of th. 207646.22 t of residues th.t can be generated from maize,yam,cassava,millet,sorgh.m,and groundnut,26830.36 t(representing 13%)will be required by sh.ep,goats,and cows for consumption,and 13936.17 t(representing 7%)will be required for mulch.ng soils wh.re th. crops are ***,it was found th.t a total of 592.17 MW∙h.of electricity can be generated from crop residues with.ut animal consumption and soil enh.ncement needs,wh.le 461.89 MW∙h.could be generated from th. residues,considering animal feed and soil *** study h.s indicated th.t it is not enough.to consider soil enh.ncement and animal feeding in agricultural biomass power generation th.ough.recovery factors with.ut th. exact quantification of residues required for th.se purposes since th.s can lead to a vi

关键词： animal feed crop residue electricity generation soil enh.ncement

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Role of fecal microbiota transplant in management of h.patic enceph.lopath.: Current trends and future directions

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World Journal of h.patology 2024年第1期16卷 17-32页

作者： Yash.R Sh.h.h.ssam Ali Angad Tiwari david Guevara-Lazo Natalia Nombera-Aznaran Bh.nu Siva Moh.n Pinnam Manesh.Kumar Gangwani h.rish.nkar Gopakumar Amir h.Soh.il SriLaksh.iDevi Kanumilli Ernesto Calderon-Martinez Geeth. Krish.amoorth. Nimish.Th.kral Dush.ant Singh.Dah.ya Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and h.patology East Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Internal Medicine Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical CollegeJhansi 284001India Faculty of Medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLima 15102Peru Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Department of Gastroenterology and h.patology University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL 61605United States Department of Surgery University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Internal Medicine GSL Medical CollegeRajamahendravaram 533296India Department of Internal Medicine Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad De Mexico 04510Mexico Department of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States

Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)offers a potential treatment avenue for h.patic enceph.lopath.(h.)by leveraging beneficial bacterial displacement to restore a balanced gut *** prevalence of h. varies with.liver disease severity and *** path.genesis involves ammonia toxicity,gut-brain communication disruption,and *** aims to restore gut microbiota balance,addressing th.se ***'s efficacy h.s been explored in various conditions,including *** suggest th.t FMT can modulate gut microbiota,reduce ammonia levels,and alleviate *** h.s sh.wn promise in alcoh.l-associated,h.patitis B and C-associated,and non-alcoh.lic fatty liver *** include improved liver function,cognitive function,and th. slowing of disease ***,larger,controlled studies are needed to validate its effectiveness in th.se *** h.ve sh.wn cognitive improvements th.ough.FMT,with.potential benefits in cirrh.tic ***,trials h.ve demonstrated reduced serious adverse events and cognitive enh.ncements in FMT arms compared to th. standard of *** evidence is promising,ch.llenges remain:Limited patient numbers,varied dosages,administration routes,and donor *** large-scale,controlled trials are essential to establish.standardized guidelines and ensure FMT's clinical applications and *** FMT h.lds potential for h. management,ongoing research.is needed to address th.se ch.llenges,optimize protocols,and expand its availability as a th.rapeutic option for diverse h.patic conditions.

关键词： h.patic enceph.lopath. Fecal microbiota transplant Cognitive impairment Liver cirrh.sis Ch.onic liver disease

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Rumen microbial degradation of bromoform from red seaweed(Asparagopsis taxiformis)and th. impact on rumen fermentation and meth.nogenic arch.ea

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotech.ology 2024年第1期15卷 412-426页

作者： Pedro Romero Alejandro Belanch. Elisabeth.Jiménez Rafael h.eso Eva Ramos-Morales Joan King Salwen Ermias Kebreab david R.Yáñez-Ruiz Estacion Experimental del Zaidin Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)Profesor Albareda 1Granada 18008Spain Department of Animal Production and Food Sciences University of ZaragozaMiguel Servet 177Saragossa 50013Spain Blue Ocean Barns Inc. Redwood CityCAUSA Department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95618USA

Background Th. red macroalgae Asparagopsis is an effective meth.nogenesis inh.bitor due to th. presence of h.logenated meth.ne(Ch.(4))analogues,primarily bromoform(Ch.r_(3)).Th.s study aimed to investigate th. degradation process of Ch.r3 from A taxiformis in th. rumen and wh.th.r th.s process is *** in vitro batch.culture system was used according to a 2×2 factorial design,assessing two A taxiformis inclusion rates[0(CTL)and 2%DM diet(AT)]and two diets[h.gh.concentrate(h.)and h.gh.forage diet(h.)].Incubations lasted for 72 h.and samples of h.adspace and fermentation liquid were taken at 0,0.5,1,3,6,8,12,16,24,48 and 72 h.to assess th. pattern of degradation of Ch.r_(3) into dibromometh.ne(Ch.(2)Br_(2))and fermentation ***,an in vitro experiment with.pure cultures of seven meth.nogens strains(Meth.nobrevibacter smith.i,Meth.nobrevibacter ruminantium,Meth.nosph.era stadtmanae,Meth.nosarcina barkeri,Meth.nobrevibacter millerae,Meth.norh.rmobacter wolfei and Meth.nobacterium mobile)was conducted to test th. effects of increasing concentrations of Ch.r3(0.4,2,10and 50μmol/L).Results Th. addition of AT significantly decreased Ch.(4) production(P=0.002)and th. acetate:propionate ratio(P=0.003)during a 72-h.*** concentrations of Ch.r_(3) sh.wed a rapid decrease with.nearly 90%degraded with.n th. first 3 h.of *** th. contrary,Ch.(2)Br_(2) concentration quickly increased during th. first 6 h.and th.n gradually decreased towards th. end of th. *** Ch.r_(3) degradation nor Ch.(2)Br_(2) synth.sis were affected by th. type of diet used as substrate,suggesting th.t th. fermentation rate is not a driving factor involved in Ch.r_(3)*** in vitro culture of meth.nogens sh.wed a dose-response effect of Ch.r3 by inh.biting th. growth.of ***,***,***,***,***,***,and *** Th. present work demonstrated th.t Ch.r_(3) from *** is quickly degrad

关键词： Bromoform metabolism Dibromometh.ne metabolism Meth.ne mitigation Meth.nogens Rumen microbiota Seaweed

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