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中学数学杂志 1997年第2期 41-41页

作者： david Main Presh. 李冬梅莱阳农学院

如图1所示,从墙到观察点的距离为x,观察者最大视角在墙上范围的垂直长度为p(BT两点的距离),且p比观察者眼睛的水平线EL高出h.设θ为视角如图2,在圆上,弦BT所对应的所有的角都等于特殊值θ。这是应用逆定理“同弧所对的圆周角相等”。

关键词：

胰岛素抵抗、葡萄糖耐量异常以及2型糖尿病患者中的冠状动脉循环障碍

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 33-33页

作者： Prior J. O. Quiones M. J. h.rnandez-Pampaloni M. h. R. Sch.lbert 高登峰 Department of Molecular and Medical Ph.rmacology David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA 10833 Le Conte Ave Los Angeles CA 90095- 6948

Abnormal coronary endoth.lial reactivity h.s been demonstrated in diabetes and is associated with.an increased rate of cardiovascular events. Our objectives were to investigate th. presence of functional coronary circulatory abnormalities over th. full spectrum of insulin resistance and to determine wh.th.r th.se would differ in severity with.more advanced states of insulin resistance. Meth.ds and Results-Myocardial blood flow(MBF) was measured with.positron emission tomograph. and 13N-ammonia to ch.racterize coronary circulatory function in states of insulin resistance with.ut carboh.drate intolerance(IR), impaired glucose tolerance(IGT), and normotensive and h.pertensive type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) compared with.insulin-sensitive(IS) individuals. Indices of coronary function were total vasodilator capacity(mostly vascular smooth.muscle-mediated) during ph.rmacological vasodilation and th. nitric oxide-mediated, endoth.lium-dependent vasomotion in response to cold pressor testing. Total vasodilator capacity was similar in normoglycemic individuals(IS, IR, and IGT), wh.reas it was significantly decreased in normotensive(- 17% ) and h.pertensive(- 34% )DM patients. Compared with.IS, endoth.lium- dependent coronary vasomotion was significantly diminish.d in IR(- 56% ), as well as in IGT and normotensive and h.pertensive diabetic patients(- 85% ,- 91% , and- 120% , respectively). Conclusions-Progressively worsening functional coronary circulatory abnormalities of nitric oxide-mediated, endoth.lium-dependent vasomotion occur with.increasing severity of insulin-resistance and carboh.drate intolerance. Attenuated total vasodilator capacity accompanies th. more clinically evident metabolic abnormalities in diabetes.

关键词：胰岛素抵抗冠状动脉循环葡萄糖耐量异常内皮依赖性血糖正常心肌血流心血管事件血管舒张功能指标冷加压试验

给大鼠饲喂脂肪含量高的日粮会引起食欲旺盛和降低其缩胆囊系的敏感性

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饲料工业 2005年第18期26卷 60-60页

作者： david M. Savastano Mih.i Covasa 高雁（编译）

采食高脂肪日粮的大鼠会导致其缩氨酸过饱和信号的敏感性降低。我们认为这种敏感性的降低会促进大鼠对高能饲料的采食。为此．我们做了一些实验．每天记录了在饲喂低脂肪或高脂肪等能量的日粮基础上大鼠在3h.对高能、高脂肪日粮的采食... 详细信息

采食高脂肪日粮的大鼠会导致其缩氨酸过饱和信号的敏感性降低。我们认为这种敏感性的降低会促进大鼠对高能饲料的采食。为此．我们做了一些实验．每天记录了在饲喂低脂肪或高脂肪等能量的日粮基础上大鼠在3h.对高能、高脂肪日粮的采食量。实验期间，每个实验组一半数量大鼠喂给高能高脂肪的日粮，另一半则分别喂给维持日粮，我们会发现，采食高脂肪日粮的大鼠在3h.对高能、高脂肪日粮的采食量要高于低脂肪组的．对各自的维持日粮的采食量没有影响，但都低于高能、高脂肪日粮组的采食量。实验2周末，大鼠体重没有差异．接下来做了短期的适口性实验，发现不管它们的维持日粮如何．各组大鼠对高能、高脂肪日粮表现出了相同的适口性。

关键词：敏感性日粮大鼠脂肪含量饲喂高能饲料胆囊食欲高脂肪

局部外用新型色甘酸钠(Altoderm)洗剂治疗2～12岁儿童异位性皮炎的有效性和可接受性的双盲、随机、安慰剂对照试验研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 11-12页

作者： Stainer R. Matth.wsS. Arsh.d S.h. A.M.Edwards 罗素菊冯义国 david h.de Asth.a Allerg. Res. Ctr. St. Mary' s Hospital Newport Isle of Wight PO30 5TG United Kingdom

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory allergic disease of ch.ldren. Th. primary anti-inflammatory th.rapy is topical steroids. An effective treatment with.ut th. topical and systemic adverse effects of corticosteroids would be useful. Topical formulations of sodium cromoglicate h.ve been research.d in th. past, but with.ut consistent results. We report a trial of a new aqueous skin lotion of sodium cromoglicate (Altoderm) in ch.ldren with.AD. Objectives: To compare th. efficacy, safety and acceptability of Altoderm lotion with.a placebo control in th. treatment of AD in ch.ldren. Meth.ds: A double- blind, controlled study in wh.ch.ch.ldren aged 212 years with.AD were randomized to 12 weeks of treatment with.lotioncontaining4% sodiumcromoglicate(Altoderm)or th. lotion base. To be included subjects h.d to h.ve a SCORAD score of ≥ 25 and ≤ 60 at both.of two clinic visits 14 days apart. Subjects continued using existing treatment wh.ch.included emollients and topical steroids. Th. primary outcome was th. ch.nge in th. SCORAD score. Th. two groups were compared for th. ch.nge in th. SCORAD score from th. second baseline visit to th. visit after 12 weeks of treatment using an analysis of variance. Secondary outcome measures included parents’ assessment of symptoms, usage of topical steroids recorded on daily diary cards, and final opinions of treatment by parent and clinician. Parents were asked about adverse effects at each.clinic visit and th. responses recorded. Results: Fifty- eigh. ch.ldren were randomized to Altoderm and 56 to placebo and all were included in th. intention- totreat analysis. Th. mean ± SD SCORAD scores at baseline were 41.0 ± 9.0 (Altoderm) and 40.4 ± 8.73 (placebo). Th.se scores were reduced after 12 weeks by 13.2 (36% ) with.Altoderm and by 7.6 (20% ) with.placebo. Th. difference of 5.6 (95% confidence interval 1.0- 10.3) is statistically significant (P=0.018). Diary card symptoms improved with.both.treatments but th. improve

关键词：儿童异位性皮炎 Altoderm 色甘酸钠安慰剂对照可接受性试验研究类固醇激素患儿父母润滑药皮肤情况

Decline in subarach.oid h.emorrh.ge volumes associated with.th. first wave of th. COVID- 19 pandemic

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 542-552,I0026-I0032页

作者： Th.nh.N Nguyen Diogo C h.ussen Muh.mmad M Quresh. h.rosh. Yamagami Tosh.yuki Fujinaka Ossama Y Mansour Moh.mad Abdalkader Mich.el Frankel Zh.ngming Qiu Allan Taylor Pedro Lylyk Omer F Eker Laura Mech.ouff Mich.l Piotin Fabricio Oliveira Lima Francisco Mont'Alverne Wazim Izzath.Nobuyuki Sakai Mah.oud Moh.mmaden Alh.mza R Al-Bayati Leonardo Renieri Salvatore Mangiafico david Ozretic Vanessa Ch.lumeau Saima Ah.ad Umair Rash.d Syed Irteza h.ssain Seby Joh. Emma Griffin Joh. Th.rnton Jose Antonio Fiorot Rodrigo Rivera Nadia h.mmami Anna M Cervantes-Arslanian h.rmuzdiyar h.Dasenbrock h.ynh.Le Vu Viet Quy Nguyen Steven h.tts Romain Bourcier Romain Guile Melanie Walker Malveeka Sh.rma Don Frei Pascal Jabbour Nabeel h.rial Fawaz Al-Mufti Atilla Ozcan Ozdemir Ozlem Aykac Dh.eraj Gandh. Ch.ndril Ch.gh.Ch.rles Matouk Pascale Lavoie Randall Edgell Andre Beer-Furlan Mich.el Ch.n Monika Killer-Oberpfalzer Vitor Mendes Pereira Patrick Nich.lson Vikram h.ded Nobuyuki Oh.ra Daisuke Watanabe Dong h.n Sh.n Pedro SC Magalh.es Ragh.d Kikano Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez Mudassir Farooqui Amal Abou-h.mden Tatsuo Amano Ryoo Yamamoto Adrienne Weeks Elena A Cora Rotem Sivan-h.ffmann Roberto Crosa Markus Möh.enbruch.Simon Nagel h.sam Al-Jeh.ni Sunil A Sh.th.Victor S Lopez Rivera James E Siegler Ach.ad Fidaus Sani Ajit S Puri Anna Luisa Kuh. Gianmarco Bernava Paolo Mach. Daniel G Abud Octavio M Pontes-Neto Ajay K Wakh.oo Barbara Voetsch.Eytan Raz Sh.di Yagh. Brijesh.P Meh.a Naoto Kimura Mamoru Murakami Jin Soo Lee Ji Man h.ng Robert Fah.d Gregory Walker Eiji h.gash. Steve M Cordina h.ng Gee Roh.Ken Wong Juan F Arenillas Mario Martinez-Galdamez Jordi Blasco Alejandro Rodriguez Vasquez Luisa Fonseca M Luis Silva Teddy Y Wu Simon Joh. Alex Breh. Marios Psych.gios William J Mack Matth.w Tenser Tatemi Todaka Miki Fujimura Roberta Novakovic Jun Deguch. Yuri Sugiura h.rosh. Tokimura Rakesh.Kh.tri Mich.el Kelly Lissa Peeling Yuich. Murayama h.gh.Steph.n Winters Joh.ny Wong Moh.med Teleb Jeremy Payne h.roki Fukuda Kosuke Miyake Junsuke Sh.mbo Yusuke Sug Neurology RadiologyBoston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Neurology Marcus Stroke&Neuroscience CenterGrady Memorial HospitalEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Radiology Radiation OncologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA Neurology National Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan Neurosurgery National Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan Neurology Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt Radiology Boston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology Xinqiao HospitalChongqingChina Neurosurgery University of Cape TownRondeboschWestern CapeSouth Africa Neurosurgery Interventional NeuroradiologyClinica La Sagrada FamiliaBuenos AiresArgentina Neuroradiologie Neurologie VasculaireHospices Civils de LyonLyonAuvergne-Rhône AlpesFrance Neurologie Vasculaire Hospices Civils de LyonLyonAuvergne-Rhône AlpesFrance Interventional Neuroradiology Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de RothschildParisÎle-de FranceFrance Neurology Hospital Geral de FortalezaFortalezaBrazil Interventional Neuroradiology Hospital Geral de FortalezaFortalezaBrazil Neuroradiology Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Department of Neurosurgery Kobe City Medical Center General HospitalKobeHyogoJapan Interventional Neurovascular Unit University Hospital CareggiFirenzeToscanaItaly Neuroradiology University Hospital Centre ZagrebZagrebCroatia Interventional Neuroradiology Hopital BicetreLe Kremlin-BicetreFrance Stroke and Interventional Neuroradiology Lahore General HospitalLahorePakistan Neurological Institute Cleveland Clinic Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Department of Radiology Beaumont HospitalDublinIreland Neurology Stroke UnitHospital-Estadual CentralVitoriaBrazil Neuroradiology Instituto de Neurocirugia Dr AsengoSantiagoChile Interventional Neuroradiology Institut National de NeurologieTunisTunisia Neurology Boston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Neurosurgery Boston Medical Center

Background During th. COVID-19 pandemic,decreased volumes of stroke admissions and mech.nical th.ombectomy were *** study’s objective was to examine wh.th.r subarach.oid h.emorrh.ge(SAh.h.spitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions demonstrated similar *** We conducted a cross-sectional,retrospective,observational study across 6 continents,37 countries and 140 compreh.nsive stroke *** with.th. diagnosis of SAh.aneurysmal SAh.ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions and COVID-19 were identified by prospective aneurysm databases or by International Classification of Diseases,10th.Revision,*** 3-month.cumulative volume,month.y volumes for SAh.h.spitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling procedures were compared for th. period before(1 year and immediately before)and during th. pandemic,defined as 1 March.31 May *** prior 1-year control period(1 March.31 May 2019)was obtained to account for seasonal *** Th.re was a significant decline in SAh.h.spitalisations,with.2044 admissions in th. 3 month. immediately before and 1585 admissions during th. pandemic,representing a relative decline of 22.5%(95%CI−24.3%to−20.7%,ph.1170-1035 procedures,respectively,representing an 11.5%(95%CI−13.5%to−9.8%,p=0.002)relative *** analysis was noted for aneurysmal SAh.h.spitalisation decline from 834 to 626 h.spitalisations,a 24.9%relative decline(95%CI−28.0%to−22.1%,ph.spitals of 41.1%(95%CI 32.3%to 50.6%,p=0.008)despite a decrease in SAh.admissions in th.s *** Th.re was a relative decrease in th. volume of SAh.h.spitalisations,aneurysmal SAh.h.spitalisations and ruptured aneurysm embolisations during th. COVID-19 *** findings in SAh.are consistent with.a decrease in oth.r emergencies,such.as stroke and myocardial infarction.

关键词： diagnosis representing subarach.oid

大型动物的种群恢复:大象种群增长的生态学效应

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2004年第6期33卷 254-260页

作者： Ch.istina Skarpe Per Arild Aarrestad h.rry P.Andreassen Sh.vch.rn S.Dh.llion Th.tayaone Dimakatso Joh.n T.duToit Duncan J.h.lley h.kan h.tteborn Sh.mane Makh.bu Moses Mari Wilson Marokane Gaseitsiwe Masunga Ditsh.swane Modise(+) Stein R.Moe Rapelang Mojaph.ko david Mosugelo Sekgowa Motsumi Gosiame Neo-Mah.peleng Mph. Ramotadima Lucas Rutina Lettie Sech.le Th.to B.Sejoe Sigbjφrn Stokke Jon E.Swenson Cyril Taolo Mark Vandewalle Per Wegge 周立志 Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Tungasletta 2N-7485 TrondheimNorway

博茨瓦纳北部及其毗邻地区分布着世界上最大的非洲象种群(Loxodonta africana),而在100年前,由于过度捕猎,大象的种群数量极为稀少。与此同时,有蹄类由于疾病,种群数量严重下降。大型草食性动物种群数量降低的生态学效应一定是显著的,... 详细信息

博茨瓦纳北部及其毗邻地区分布着世界上最大的非洲象种群(Loxodonta africana),而在100年前,由于过度捕猎,大象的种群数量极为稀少。与此同时,有蹄类由于疾病,种群数量严重下降。大型草食性动物种群数量降低的生态学效应一定是显著的,但我们却知之甚少,不过,目前博茨瓦纳大象种群数量上升之后产生的生态系统变化却引起人们相当大的关注。调查大象种群和其它生态系统组分及过程相互作用的项目"BONIC"就是的基于这种背景。调查结果表明,生态系统随着大象和其它有蹄类的种群数量的增长而发生变化,并且可能向着原先大型草食性动物数量减少之前的方向变化。我们认为人为地改变大象的种群数量没有生态学理由,但控制大象数量有经济和社会道理,而且博茨瓦纳北部大象的分布区可能必须要受到人为限制。

关键词：大象种群数量草食性动物生态系统有蹄类博茨瓦纳贝专纳种群恢复黑斑羚取食压力生态学效应种群增长

Molecular ph.logeny, morph.logy, pigment ch.mistry and ecology in h.groph.raceae (Agaricales)

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第1期64卷 1-99页

作者： D.Jean Lodge Mah.jabeen Padamsee P.Brandon Math.ny M.Cath.rine Aime Sh.ron A.Cantrell david Boertmann Alexander Kovalenko Alfredo Vizzini Bryn T.M.Dentinger Paul M.Kirk A.Martyn Ainsworth.Jean-Marc Moncalvo Rytas Vilgalys Ellen Larsson Robert Lücking Gareth.W.Griffith.Matth.w E.Smith.Lorelei L.Norvell Dennis E.Desjardin Scott A.Redh.ad Clark L.Ovrebo Edgar B.Lickey Enrico Ercole Karen W.h.gh.s Régis Courtecuisse Anth.ny Young Manfred Binder Andrew M.Minnis Daniel L.Lindner Beatriz Ortiz-Santana Joh. h.igh. Th.mas Læssøe Timoth. J.Baroni József Geml Tsutomu h.ttori Center for Forest Mycology Research Northern Research StationUSDA-Forest ServiceLuquilloPR 00773-1377USA Systematics Team Landcare Research231 Morrin RoadAuckland 1072New Zealand Ecology&Evolutionary Biology University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-1610USA Department of Botany&Plant Path.logy Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Science and Tech.ology Universidad del TuraboGuraboPR 00778-3030USA Department of Bioscience Aarhus UniversityFrederiksborgvej 399DK-4000 RoskildeDenmark Komarov Botanical Institute of th. Russian Academy of Sciences 2 Prof.Popov Str.St.Petersburg 197376Russia Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi Universitàdi TorinoViale P.A.Mattioli 2510125 TorinoItaly Mycology Royal Botanic GardensKewRichmondSurrey TW93DSUK Royal Ontario Museum 100 Queen’s ParkTorontoONCanada Biology Department Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708-0338USA Biological&Environmental Sciences University of GothenburgGöteborgSweden Science&Eduaction Integrative Research&Collections(Botany)The Field Museum of Natural History1400 Lake Shore Dr.ChicagoIL 60605-2496USA University of Wales AberystwythCeredigion SY233DDUK Department of Plant Path.logy University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611-0680USA Pacific North.est Mycology Service 6720 NW Skyline BvdPortlandOR 97229-1309USA Department of Biology San Francisco State University1600 Holloway Ave.San FranciscoCA 94132USA National Mycological h.rbarium(DAOM) Science and Technology BranchAgriculture&Agri-FoodsCanada960 Carling AvenueOttawaOntarioCanada ONT K1A 0C6 Department of Biology University of Central OklahomaEdmondOK 73034USA Department of Biology Bridgewater College402 E.College St.BridgewaterVA 22812USA Department of Botany Faculty of Pharmaceutical&Biological SciencesLilleFrance 100 Langton Road BlackbuttQld 4306Australia CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre Evolutionary PhytopathologyInst.of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts&Sciences(KNAW)Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtThe Netherlands

Molecular ph.logenies using 1–4 gene regions and information on ecology,morph.logy and pigment ch.mistry were used in a partial revision of th. agaric family *** ph.logenetically supported genera we recognize h.re in th. h.groph.raceae based on th.se and previous analyses are:Acanth.lich.n,Ampulloclitocybe,Arrh.nia,Canth.rellula,Canth.rocybe,Ch.omosera,Ch.ysomph.lina,Cora,Corella,Cuph.ph.llus,Cyph.llostereum,Dictyonema,Eonema,Glioph.rus,h.asiella,h.midicutis,h.groaster,h.grocybe,h.groph.rus,Lich.nomph.lia,Neoh.grocybe,Porpolomopsis and Pseudoarmillariella.A new genus th.t is sister to Ch.omosera is described as *** were made at th. ranks of subfamily,tribe,genus,subgenus,section and *** present th.ee new subfamilies,eigh. tribes(five new),eigh. subgenera(one new,one new combination and one ***.),26 sections(five new and th.ee new combinations and two ***.)and 14 subsections(two new,two ***.).Species of Ch.omosera,Glioph.rus,h.midicutis,and Neoh.grocybe are often treated with.n th. genus h.grocybe;we th.refore provide valid names in both.classification *** used a minimalist approach.in transferring genera and creating new names and ***,we retain in th. h.groph.raceae th. basal cuph.ph.lloid grade comprising th. genera Cuph.ph.llus,Ampulloclitocybe andCanth.rocybe,despite weak ph.logenetic *** include Aeruginospora and Semiomph.lina in h.groph.raceae based on morph.logy th.ugh.molecular data are *** lower h.groph.roid clade is basal to h.groph.raceae s.s.,comprising th. genera Aph.oditeola,Macrotyph.la,Ph.llotopsis,Pleurocybella,Sarcomyxa,Trich.lomopsis and Typh.la.

关键词： h.groph.raceae Fungi Revisionary systematics Nomenclatural revision Ph.logenetics Pigment ch.mistry Lamellar trama construction h.menial morph.logy Ecology

血管性眩晕和头晕诊断标准:Bárány协会前庭疾病分类委员会共识文件

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神经损伤与功能重建 2023年第12期18卷 683-690页

作者：凌霞(译) 吴月霞(译) 冯宇菲(译) 钟利群(译) 赵桂萍(译) 杨旭(审校) 王朝霞(审校) Ji-Soo Kim david E.Newman-Toker Kevin A.Kerber Klaus Jah. Pierre Berth.lon Joh. Waterston h.ung Lee Alexandre Bisdorff Mich.el Strupp 北京大学第一医院神经内科航天中心医院(北京大学航天临床医学院)神经内科北京中医药大学东直门医院脑病科韩国城南市首尔大学医学院首尔大学盆唐医院神经内科美国巴尔的摩约翰霍普金斯大学医学院神经病学系美国安娜堡密歇根大学健康系统神经病学系德国巴特艾布灵施恩诊所神经内科和德国眩晕与平衡障碍中心路德维希-马克西米利安-慕尼黑大学法国圣艾蒂安医院耳鼻咽喉科澳大利亚墨尔本阿尔弗雷德医院莫纳什神经科学系韩国大邱启明大学医学院脑研究所神经病学系卢森堡阿尔泽特河畔埃施医疗中心神经病学系德国路德维希-马克西米利安-慕尼黑大学神经病学系德国眩晕和平衡障碍中心

本文介绍了Bárány协会前庭疾病分类委员会制定的血管性眩晕和头晕的诊断标准。分类中包括由卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作以及孤立性迷路梗死/出血和椎动脉压迫综合征引起的眩晕/头晕。眩晕和头晕是后循环卒中最常见的症状之一。血管性眩晕... 详细信息

本文介绍了Bárány协会前庭疾病分类委员会制定的血管性眩晕和头晕的诊断标准。分类中包括由卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作以及孤立性迷路梗死/出血和椎动脉压迫综合征引起的眩晕/头晕。眩晕和头晕是后循环卒中最常见的症状之一。血管性眩晕/头晕可能是急性持续性(≥24 h.或短暂性(数分钟至h.发作。对于出现急性前庭症状和其他中枢神经系统症状和体征,包括中枢性h.NTS体征(头脉冲试验正常、方向改变的凝视诱发性眼震或明显的眼球反向偏斜)的患者,尤其是伴有血管危险因素的患者,应该考虑血管性眩晕/头晕的诊断。尽管孤立性迷路梗死尚无确诊方法,但在卒中风险增加的患者中应该考虑,如果急性单侧前庭功能丧失同时伴有或在随后的30 d内出现小脑前下动脉区域的缺血性卒中,则可以推测为孤立性迷路梗死。对于椎动脉压迫综合征的诊断,常需要典型的临床症状、体征及其血管受损的影像学或超声证据支持。

关键词：眩晕头晕失衡梗死卒中脑干小脑

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前庭性偏头痛诊断标准(更新):Bárány协会及国际头痛协会共识文件

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神经损伤与功能重建 2022年第10期17卷 559-562页

作者：邢玥(译) 凌霞(译) 王钰茹(译) 荣良群(审校) 杨旭(审校) Th.mas Lempert Jes Olesen Joseph.Furman Joh. Waterston Barry Seemungal Joh. Carey Alexander Bisdorff Maurizio Versino Stefan Evers Amir Kh.radmand david Newman-Toker 航天中心医院(北京大学航天临床医学院)神经内科徐州医科大学第二附属医院神经内科德国柏林Sch.osspark-Klinik医院神经病学科丹麦哥本哈根大学头痛中心和神经病学系美国宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡大学耳鼻喉科学系及神经病学系澳大利亚墨尔本阿尔弗雷德医院莫纳什大学神经科学系英国伦敦Ch.ring Cross医院临床神经科学系美国马里兰州巴尔的摩约翰·霍普金斯大学医学院耳鼻喉头颈外科学系卢森堡阿尔泽特河畔埃施医学中心神经病学系意大利瓦雷泽Ospedale di Circolo ASST Sette Lagh.医院神经病学科和卒中单元意大利瓦雷泽英苏布里亚大学德国Coppenbrügge Krankenh.us Lindenbrunn医院神经病学科美国马里兰州巴尔的摩约翰·霍普金斯大学医学院神经病学系

本文介绍了由Bárány协会国际前庭疾病分类(International Classification of Vestibular Disorders,ICVD)委员会和国际头痛协会(International h.adach. Society,Ih.)偏头痛分类小组共同制定的前庭性偏头痛(vestibular migraine,VM)的诊断标准。本文包含了部分文献更新,原2012版本的诊断标准仍然不变。诊断标准包括VM和很可能的VM两类。根据常规的Ih.流程,VM作为一个新的疾病类型,将首先被纳入第三版国际头痛分类(International Classification of h.adach. Disorders,ICh.)的附录。随着研究证据的进一步增加,很可能的VM也有待被纳入到未来的ICh.版本中。VM的诊断包括:反复发作的前庭症状、偏头痛的病史、前庭症状与偏头痛症状存在时间关联,且排除其他可能导致前庭症状发生的相关病因。符合VM诊断的症状包括多种类型:如眩晕、头动诱发的头晕伴恶心等,但临床上,上述症状的严重程度须为中度或重度,急性发作的持续时间需在5 min~72 h.

关键词：偏头痛眩晕头晕前庭诊断标准 Bárány协会国际头痛协会

Development of a Functional Assessment of Ch.onic Illness Th.rapy item library and primary symptom list for th. assessment of patient-reported adverse events associated with.immune ch.ckpoint modulators

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 74-87页

作者： Kimberly A.Webster Mary L.O’Connor Aaron R.h.nsen Sh.etal Kirch.r h.ath.r S.L.Jim Adam P.Dicker Monika Janda Kari Ala-leppilampi Clifton O.Bingh.m III Joseph.ne Feliciano Norah.Lynn h.nry Laurie E.Steffen McLouth.david Cella Department of Medical Social Sciences Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611USA Princess Margaret Cancer Center University Health NetworkToronto M5G 1Z5Canada Robert h.Lurie Compreh.nsive Cancer Center Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611USA Department of h.alth.Outcomes and Beh.vior Moffitt Cancer CenterTampaFL 33612USA Department of Radiation Oncology Sidney Kimmel Medical College and Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA Centre for h.alth.Services Research The University of QueenslandQLD 4102Australia Applied h.alth.Research.Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge InstituteSt Michael’s HospitalToronto M5B 1W8Canada Divisions of Rh.umatology and Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21224USA Joh.s h.pkins University Sidney Kimmel Compreh.nsive Cancer Center BaltimoreMD 21231USA University of Mich.gan Rogel Cancer Center Ann ArborMI 48109USA Department of Beh.vioral Science Center for Health Equity Transformation and Markey Cancer CenterUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKY 40536USA

Aim:To develop a compreh.nsive item library of patient-reported,immunoth.rapy-related adverse events(irAEs)th.t draws from and expands on th. Functional Assessment of Ch.onic Illness Th.rapy(FACIT)Measurement ***:Literature review and iterative expert *** on a literature review of irAEs,we developed a framework of immunoth.rapy classes and th.ir associated *** experts th.n reviewed iterations of symptom summaries and item maps linked to th. immunoth.rapy *** provided content review and feedback was sh.red across experts until consensus was *** iterative process facilitated creation of a Primary Symptom List associated with.immune ch.ckpoint modulators(ICMs),drawn from th. larger set of *** FACIT items were mapped to th. symptom list,and new items were written as needed to create th. item ***:Th. full item library of irAEs is comprised of 239 items,covering 142 unique symptoms across 75 inflammatory reactions/immune conditions.A subset of 66 items comprises a Primary Symptom List considered most common/relevant to ICM *** includes gastrointestinal,skin,pulmonary,neurologic,musculoskeletal,and multiple miscellaneous and constitutional ***:Th. FACIT Immunoth.rapy Item Library is a compilation of 239 self-report items th.t capture th. wide range of AEs experienced by people receiving immune treatments.A subset of 66 items comprises a Primary Symptom List meant for ICM *** of items selected from th.s library is encouraged in clinical research.and clinical practice evaluation.

关键词： Immunoth.rapy immune ch.ckpoint modulators quality of life immune-related adverse events patient reported outcomes cancer oncology