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Bioactive Materials 2020年第1期5卷 26-33页

作者： Afrah Al Hegy Ryan Smith eric R.Gauthier Joy e.Gray-Munro Dept.of Chemistry and Biochemistry Laurentian UniversitySudburyOntarioP3E 2C6Canada

Magnesium and its alloys are promising candidates for a new generation of biodegradable metals in orthopaedic applications due to their excellent biocompatibility,biodegradability,and mechanical properties that are similar to natural ***,direct in vitro assessment of these materials in the presence of cells is complicated by degradation products from the alloy that lead to a false positive for the most commonly used cell adhesion and cell proliferation *** this paper,a cyanine dye was used to quantitatively evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of a Mg AZ31 alloy by both direct and indirect *** cytotoxicity of the corrosion products was evaluated via an indirect method;a 25%decrease in cell viability compared to control samples was ***,direct assessment of cell adhesion and proliferation showed a statistically significant increase in cell number at the surface after 72 *** addition,the degradation rate and surface characteristics of the Mg AZ31 alloy were evaluated for both direct and indirect *** degradation rate was unaffected by the presence of cells while evidence of an increase in calcium phosphate deposition on the magnesium alloy surface in the presence of cells was *** study demonstrates that a cyanine dye based assay provides a more accurate assessment of the overall in vitro biocompatibility of biodegradable metals than the more commonly used assays reported in the literature to date.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Biocompatibility Direct method Indirect method Cyanine dye Cell adhesion Cell proliferation Cytotoxicity

SFRP4 expression correlates with epithelial mesenchymal transitionlinked genes and poor overall survival in colon cancer patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第8期11卷 589-598页

作者： Landry e Nfonsam Jana Jandova Hunter C Jecius Pamela N Omesiete Valentine N Nfonsam Department of Genetics Children’s Hospital of Eastern OntarioOttawaOntario K1H 8L1Canada Department of Surgery University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724United States

BACKGROUND Colon cancer is among the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the United States with an estimated 97220 new cases expected by the end of *** affects 1.2 million people around the world and is responsible for about 0.6 million deaths every *** decline in overall incidence and mortality over the past 30 years,there continues to be an alarming rise in early-onset colon cancer cases(ears).Patients are often diagnosed at late stages of the disease and tend to have poor *** previously showed that the WNT“gatekeeper”gene,secreted frizzled-related protein 4(SFRP4),is over-expressed in early-onset colon ***4 is speculated to play an essential role in cancer by inhibiting the epithelial mesenchymal transition(eMT).AIM To investigate the correlation between SFRP4 expression and eMT-linked genes in colon cancer and how it affects patient *** SFRP4 expression relative to that of eMT-linked genes and survival analysis were performed using the University of California Santa Cruz Cancer Browser *** SFRP4 was found to be co-expressed with the eMT-linked markers CDH2,FN1,VIM,TWIST1,TWIST2,SNAI1,SNAI2,ZeB1,ZeB2,POSTN,MMP2,MMP7,MMP9,and ***4 expression negatively correlated with the eMTlinked suppressors CLDN4,CLDN7,TJP3,MUC1,and *** expression of SFRP4 and the eMT-linked markers was higher in mesenchymal-like samples compared to epithelial-like samples which potentially implicates SFRP4-eMT mechanism in colon ***,patients overexpressing SFRP4 presented with poor overall survival(P=0.0293).CONCLUSION Considering the implication of SFRP4 in early-onset colon cancer,particularly in the context of eMT,tumor metastasis,and invasion,and the effect of increased expression on colon cancer patient survival,SFRP4 might be a potential biomarker for early-onset colon cancer that could be targeted for diagnosis and/or disease therapy.

关键词： Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 epithelial mesenchymal transition Colon cancer Survival

effect of simulated dynamic intraocular pressure on retinal thickness measured by optical coherence tomography after cataract surgery

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(english edition) 2012年第6期5卷 687-693页

作者： Ding Chen Jun Zhu Jin Li Xi-Xia Ding Fan Lu Yun-e Zhao eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical College

AIM: To investigate the effect of simulated dynamic intraocular pressure (SDIOP) during uncomplicated phacoemulsification on postoperative macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. MeTHODS: Macular and RNFL thicknesses in one eye of patients (n=30) undergoing uncomplicated phacoemulsification were measured by optical coherence tomography preoperatively and 1 week postoperatively. The best-corrected visual acuity, SDIOP, irrigation time (IT), effective phacoemulsification lime, entire surgical duration, blood pressure, and heart rate were recorded. ReSULTS: The mean SDIOP and IT was (74.9 +/- 27.4)cmH(2)O and (178.4 +/- 21.6) seconds respectively. We divided our patients into two groups based upon IT with greater than 90cmH(2)O (P>90IT). In Group A (n= 14), the P>90IT was greater than the mean P>90IT, and in Group B (n=16), the P>90IT was less than the mean P>90IT. For all patients there was a significant increase in macular thickness one week after cataract surgery (P=0.001). While the RNFL thickness tended to increase, the change was not significant. The postoperative macular thickness of Group A,(277.8 +/- 13.7)mu m, was significantly thicker than that of Group B, (267.9 +/- 15.0)mu m (P=0.004). The postoperative peripapillary RNFL thickness of Group A, (96.8 +/- 10.8)mu m, was not significantly different from Group B. For Group A, the change in macular thickness was positively correlated with P>90IT (R-2=0.524, P =0.02). There was no statistical difference in postoperative visual acuity between Groups A and B. CONCLUSION: After uncomplicated phacoemulsification, increased macular thickness is associated with the IT under high SDIOP. The effect of high SDIOP is limited to the sub-clinical level.

关键词： intraocular pressure retina optical coherence tomography phacoemulsification

Cardiac resynchronization therapy in the elderly heart failure patient

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2005年第2期2卷 84-88页

作者： George e. Taffet Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Sciences Baylor College of Medicine HoustonTexas USA.

Ms. BP is an 83 year old white female with a long history of congestive heart failure (HF). She is now symptomatic with minimal exertion, has a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVeF) of 20%. Her CHF is due to hypertension (HTN) plus coronary artery disease (CAD) and she is on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACeI), furosemide, digoxin,spironolactone, low dose beta blocker and nitrates. Her beta-natriuretic peptide (BNP) in clinic is 3030 pg/ml, heart rate (HR) 100, blood pressure (BP) 89/43.

关键词： CRT Cardiac resynchronization therapy in the elderly heart failure patient QRS CHF

Metformin and colorectal cancer

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BIOCeLL 2022年第1期46卷 51-59页

作者： GASTÓN AMABLe eDUARDO MARTÍNeZ-LeÓN MARÍA e.PICCO OSVALDO ReY Consejo Nacionalde Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Universidad de Buenos AiresInstituto de InmunologíaGenética y MetabolismoFacultadde Farmacia y BioquímicaHospital de Clínicas“Joséde San Martín”Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresCP1120Argentina

Colorecal cancer(CRC)is one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality in the deweloped world despite recent developments in detection and treatment Several epidemiologial studis indicate that metformin,a widdy prescribed antidiabetic drug,exerts a protective effect on different cancers incuding ***,a recent double blind placebo controlled,randomized trial showed that metformin significantly decreased colorectal adenoma *** exploring the medhanism of action of metformin in cells derived from different types of ancers reported many efects including rapiratory chain complex 1 inhibition,Akt phosphorylation inhibition,ATP depltion,PKA activation and Wnt signaling ***,many of these results were obtained employing metformin at concentrations several fold higher than those achieved in target tissuas in diabetic patients receiving therapeutic recommended doses of *** contrast,recent studies obtained with metformin at concentrations compatible with those detected in human intestins revealed that metformin dicit responses that targetβ-catenin,PI3KAkt,e-adherin,pl20-catenin and focal adhesion kinase which are key molecules and signaling pathways associated to colorectal cancar *** brief review revisit several know aspects as well as nowd ones on the effects of metformin on cancer cells.

关键词： Metformin β-Catenin e-Cadherin Colorectal cancer AMPK PI3K/AKT FAK

Simulated and reconstructed winter temperature in the eastern China during the last millennium

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第24期50卷 2872-2877页

作者： LIU Jian H. Storch CHeN Xing e. Zorita ZHeNG Jingyun WANG Sumin Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Institute for Coastal Research GKSS Research Center D-21502 Geesthacht Germany Department of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The reconstructed temperature anomalies in the eastern China were compared with the output from a 1000-year model simulation in an attempt to evaluate the model’s regional simulation skills and to understand the causes of climate change in China over the last millennium. The reconstructed data are the winter half-year temperature anomalies in the central region of eastern China (25°-40°N, east of 105°e) for the last 1000 years with a 30-year resolu- tion. The model used is the global atmosphere-ocean coupled climate model, eCHO-G, which was driven by time-varying external forcings including solar radiation, volcanic erup- tions, and greenhouse gas concentrations (CO2 and CH4) for the same period. The correlation coefficient between the simulated and reconstructed time series is 0.37, which is sta- tistically significant at a confidence level of 97.5%. The Me- dieval Warm Period (MWP) during 1000-1300 A.D., the Little Ice Age (LIA) during 1300-1850 A.D. and the modern warming period after 1900 A.D. are all recognizable from both the simulated and reconstructed temperatures. The anomalies associated with the LIA and the modern warming simulated by the model are in good consistency with the re- constructed counterpart. In particular during the Maunder sun-spot minimum (1670-1710 A.D.), both the simulated and reconstructed temperature anomalies reach their min- ima without any phase difference. But in the earlier MWP, significant discrepancies exist between the simulation and the reconstruction, which might reflect the degrading quality of the reconstruction data. The range of the simulated anoma- lies (1.62 K) is comparable with that of reconstructed (2.0 K). Diagnosis of the model results indicates that, during the last millennium, variations in solar radiation and volcanic activ- ity are the main controlling factors on regional temperature change, while in the recent 100 years, the change of the con- centration of greenhouse gases plays most important role in explain

关键词：古气候中国东部冬季气温温度模拟温度重构

岩基后成矿作用:来自小兴安岭鹿鸣超大型钼矿的证据

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岩石学报 2014年第11期30卷 3400-3418页

作者：刘翠邓晋福罗照华田世攀张昱钟长汀 SeLBY david 赵寒冬中国地质大学北京100083 Department of earth Science the University of Durham 黑龙江省区域地质调查所哈尔滨150080 中铁资源集团北京100039 黑龙江地质调查总院哈尔滨150036

小兴安岭鹿鸣钼矿是新近发现的斑岩型超大型钼矿。尽管近年有一些新年龄和新资料发表,但是关于矿区的成岩、成矿事件的时代和成因仍有很大争议。本文采用LA ICP-MS锆石U-Pb、辉钼矿Re-Os以及黑云母40Ar-39Ar等测年方法分别对矿区的花岗... 详细信息

小兴安岭鹿鸣钼矿是新近发现的斑岩型超大型钼矿。尽管近年有一些新年龄和新资料发表,但是关于矿区的成岩、成矿事件的时代和成因仍有很大争议。本文采用LA ICP-MS锆石U-Pb、辉钼矿Re-Os以及黑云母40Ar-39Ar等测年方法分别对矿区的花岗斑岩、辉钼矿、以及二长花岗岩（下文称鹿鸣花岗岩）中的黑云母开展年代学研究。结果显示矿区花岗斑岩形成于174.0±2Ma（MSWD=3.2）;辉钼矿等时线年龄为177.8±2.3Ma（MSWD=0.078）,辉钼矿模式年龄加权平均值为177.5±1.2Ma（MSWD=0.058）。黑云母40Ar-39Ar 900~1400℃坪年龄为175.9±1.1Ma,表明鹿鸣花岗岩形成于约176Ma（之前）。因此结合野外、岩相学、前人结果等,认为鹿鸣花岗岩岩基成岩在前（〉176Ma）,花岗斑岩成岩在后（约174Ma左右）,成矿应当在花岗斑岩成岩近同时或稍后,为早侏罗世末期。花岗斑岩含有浸染状硫化物,表明花岗斑岩体是致矿侵入体,鹿鸣（二长）花岗岩岩基仅仅是钼矿的围岩。岩石地球化学特征,尤其是Mg O含量较高,高Sr低Y等特征,以及构造环境判别显示鹿鸣花岗岩岩基和花岗斑岩形成于与俯冲有关的火山弧环境。在早侏罗世早-中期,该区在北部蒙古-鄂霍茨克海和东部的饶河、伊佐那崎洋联合汇聚下形成俯冲带之上的加厚地壳,此时与地幔楔发生过反应的幔源岩浆底侵产生广泛的壳幔相互作用,形成鹿鸣花岗岩的岩基。随后加厚下地壳拆沉导致鹿鸣花岗岩岩基快速隆升,在地壳浅部,与来自于深部的花岗斑岩岩浆（＋钼矿和深部流体）相遇,后者侵入到鹿鸣花岗岩岩基中,形成了斑岩及辉钼矿矿床。据此,提出鹿鸣钼矿属于岩基后成矿作用的产物。

关键词：鹿鸣超大型钼矿年代学早侏罗世末期岩基后成矿作用小兴安岭

Interventions to improve sarcopenia in cirrhosis: A systematic review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第2期7卷 156-170页

作者： Maliha Naseer erica P Turse Ali Syed Francis e Dailey Mallak Zatreh Veysel Tahan Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology St Joseph Hospital Medical Center/Creighton University Department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Missouri

BACKGROUND Sarcopenia, i.e., muscle loss is now a well-recognized complication of cirrhosis and in cases of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can contribute to accelerate liver fibrosis leading to cirrhosis. Hence, it is imperative to study interventions which targets to improve sarcopenia in *** To examine the relationship between interventions such nutritional supplementation, exercise, combined life style intervention, testosterone replacement and trans jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS) to improve muscle mass in *** We search PubMed, eMBASe and Cochrane between June-August 2018, without a limiting period and the types of articles(RCTs, clinical trial, comparative study)in adult patients with sarcopenia and cirrhosis. The primary outcome of interest was improvement in muscle mass, strength and physical function interventions mentioned above. In the screening process, 154 full text articles were included in the review and 129 studies were *** We identified 24 studies that met review inclusion criteria. The studies were diverse in terms of the design, setting, interventions, and outcome *** performed only qualitative synthesis of evidence due to heterogeneity amongst studies. Risk of bias was medium in most of the included studies and low quality of evidence showed improvement in the muscle mass, strength and physical function following aerobic exercise. 60% of the included studies on the nutritional intervention, 100% of the studies on testosterone replacement in hypogonadal men and trans-jugular portosystemic shunt were proved to be effective in improving sarcopenia in *** Although the quality of evidence is low, the findings of our systematic review suggest improvement in the sarcopenia in cirrhosis with exercise, nutritional interventions, hormonal and TIPS interventions. High quality randomized controlled trials needed to further strengthen these findings.

关键词： Sarcopenia Cirrhosis Treatment Intervention Nutrition Therapy exercise Testosterone Trans jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

Bioactive polysaccharides from medicinal mushrooms:A review on their isolation,structural characteristics and antitumor activity

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Food Bioscience 2022年第5期49卷 119-129页

作者： Juliana Garcia Francisca Rodrigues Maria Jos´e Saavedra Fernando M.Nunes Guilhermina Marques CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-environment and Biological Sciences University of Tr´as-os-Montes e Alto Douro5001-801Vila RealPortugal AquaValor-Centro de Valorizaç˜ao e Transferˆencia de Tecnologia da´Agua-Associaç˜ao Rua Dr.Júlio Martins n.◦15400-342ChavesPortugal ReQUIMTe/LAQV-Polytechnic of Porto-School of engineering Rua Dr.Ant´onio Bernardino de Almeida4314249-015PortoPortugal CQ-VR-Centro de Química-Vila Real Food and Wine Chemistry Lab.Chemistry DepartamentUniversity of Tr´as-os-Montes e Alto Douro5001-801Vila RealPortugal

Mushrooms either alone or in combination with conventional cancer treatment have been enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy improving the patients’quality of *** therapy effects have been attributed to polysaccharides;the most potent compounds found in the fungi *** to their wide range of biological activity and the backbone of glucose residues linked byβ-(1→3)-glycosidic bonds,often with attached side-chain glucose residues joined byβ-(1→6)linkages,the mushroom’s polysaccharides,particularly theβ-glucans,are the most versatile ***,D-fraction,and schizophyllan from Lentinula edodes,Grifola frondosa,and Schizophyllum commune,respectively are well-knownβ-glucans,however,the precise immunomodulation and anticancer mechanisms of action remain to be *** to several studies,β-glucan can interact with certain receptors on macrophages and dendritic cells,such as dectin-1 and TLRs,producing different cytokines and,in turn,indirectly activating other immune cells including T and B ***,recent findings have proved thatβ-glucans have a direct cytotoxic effect on cancer cells suppressing proliferation and enhancing apoptosis possibly via multiple pathways such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR,NF-κB-,eRK-,eRα-,caspase-and p53-dependent ***,this study intends to provide information on the lentinan,D-fraction,and schizophyllan by examining the extraction procedures,chemical composition,and immunostimulatory and antitumoral biological *** research directions should be directed toward improving the validity and reliability of randomized trials to confirm the potential role ofβ-glucans on the immune system and as anticancer therapy.

关键词： Lentinan D-fraction Schizophyllan Anticancer activity

Is the combination of immunotherapy with conventional chemotherapy the key to increase the efficacy of colorectal cancer treatment?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第2期15卷 251-267页

作者： Jonadab e Olguin Monica G Mendoza-Rodriguez C Angel Sanchez-Barrera Luis I Terrazas Laboratorio Nacional en Salud Diagnóstico Molecular y Efecto Ambiental en Enfermedades Crónico-degenerativasFacultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla 54090Estado de MexicoMexico Unidad de Biomedicina Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla 54090Estado de MexicoMexico

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is among the most prevalent and deadly neoplasms worldwide. According to GLOBOCAN predictions, its incidence will increase from 1.15 million CRC cases in 2020 to 1.92 million cases in 2040. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in CRC development is necessary to improve strategies focused on reducing the incidence, prevalence,and mortality of this oncological pathology. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are the main strategies for treating CRC. The conventional chemotherapeutic agent utilized throughout the last four decades is 5-fluorouracil, notwithstanding its low efficiency as a single therapy. In contrast, combining 5-fluorouracil therapy with leucovorin and oxaliplatin or irinotecan increases its efficiency. However, these treatments have limited and temporary solutions and aggressive side effects. Additionally, most patients treated with these regimens develop drug resistance, which leads to disease progression. The immune response is considered a hallmark of cancer;thus, the use of new strategies and methodologies involving immune molecules, cells, and transcription factors has been suggested for CRC patients diagnosed in stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ. Despite the critical advances in immunotherapy, the development and impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors on CRC is still under investigation because less than 25% of CRC patients display an increased 5-year survival. The causes of CRC are diverse and include modifiable environmental factors(smoking, diet, obesity, and alcoholism), individual genetic mutations, and inflammation-associated bowel diseases. Due to these diverse causes, the solutions likely cannot be generalized. Interestingly, new strategies, such as single-cell multiomics, proteomics, genomics, flow cytometry, and massive sequencing for tumor microenvironment analysis, are beginning to clarify the way forward. Thus,the individual mechanisms involved in developing the CRC microenvironment, their causes, and t

关键词： Colorectal cancer Immunotherapy checkpoint inhibitors Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Immune response