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Do introduced honeybees affect seed set and seed quality in a plant adapted for bird pollination?

Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 721-729页

作者： Amy-Marie Gilpin Justin c.collette Andrew J.Denham Mark K.J.Ooi david J.Ayre centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions School of Biological SciencesUniversity of WollongongNorthfields AvenueWollongongNSW 2522Australia NSW Department of Premier and cabinet Office of Environment and HeritagePO Box 1967HurstvilleNSW 2220Australia centre for Ecosystem Science School of BiologicalEarth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Aims Worldwide,evidence suggests that exotic pollinators can disrupt plant mating ***,few studies have determined if pol-lination by the honeybee Apis mellifera(the world’s most widely introduced pollinator)reduces offspring quality when compared with pollination by native *** Australian Proteaceae provides an excellent opportunity to test the impact of honeybees in pol-lination systems that are adapted to birds and non-flying *** We compared the frequency of flower visitation and foraging behav-iour of birds and insects within seven populations of Banksia *** ericifolia is hermaphroditic and has large nectar-rich,orange inflorescences typical of bird and mammal pollinated *** a subset of the study populations,we compared the qual-ity of seed produced via an exclusion treatment(that only allowed invertebrates to access flowers)with an open-pollination treatment(potentially visited by mammals,birds and invertebrates),by meas-uring seed weight,germination rates(T50),percent germination,seedling height after 14 days since the emergence of the cotyledon and time to emergence of the *** Findings Apis mellifera was the only apparent insect pollinator and the most frequent flower visitor,while the open treatment inflorescences were also frequently visited by avian pollinators,primarily hone-yeater *** foraging behaviour of honeybees and honeyeat-ers showed striking differences that potentially affect patterns of pollen *** made significantly greater proportions of within *** plant movements and only 30%(n=48)of honeybees foraged for pollen(nectar foragers carried no pollen)whilst all birds were observed to contact both stigmas and anthers when foraging for *** these fundamental differences in behaviour,there was little effect of treatment on seed set or *** data show that while honeybees appear to alter patterns of pollen transfer within *** popu

关键词： Apis mellifera Banksia ericifolia Proteaceae seedling performance seed vigour

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Integrated Multi-Head Self-Attention Transformer model for electricity demand prediction incorporating local climate variables

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 620-644页

作者： Sujan Ghimire Thong Nguyen-Huy Mohanad S.AL-Musaylh Ravinesh c.Deo david casillas-Perez Sancho Salcedo-Sanz School of Mathematics Physics and ComputingUniversity of Southern QueenslandSpringfieldQLD4300Australia centre for Applied climate Sciences University of Southern QueenslandToowoomba4350QLDAustralia Department of Information Technologies Management Technical CollegeSouthern Technical UniversityBasrah 61001Iraq Department of Signal Processing and communications Universidad Rey Juan CarlosFuenlabrada28942MadridSpain Department of Signal Processing and communications Universidad de AlcaláAlcaláde Henares28805MadridSpain

This paper develops a trustworthy deep learning model that considers electricity demand(G)and local climate *** model utilises Multi-Head Self-Attention Transformer(TNET)to capture critical information from𝐻,to attain reliable predictions with local climate(rainfall,radiation,humidity,evaporation,and maximum and minimum temperatures)data from Energex substations in Queensland,*** TNET model is then evaluated with deep learning models(Long-Short Term Memory LSTM,Bidirectional LSTM BILSTM,Gated Recurrent Unit GRU,convolutional Neural Networks cNN,and Deep Neural Network DNN)based on robust model assessment *** Kernel Density Estimation method is used to generate the prediction interval(PI)of electricity demand forecasts and derive probability metrics and results to show the developed TNET model is accurate for all the *** study concludes that the proposed TNET model is a reliable electricity demand predictive tool that has high accuracy and low predictive errors and could be employed as a stratagem by demand modellers and energy policy-makers who wish to incorporate climatic factors into electricity demand patterns and develop national energy market insights and analysis systems.

关键词： Electricity demand forecasting Sustainable energy Artificial Intelligence Deep learning Transformer Networks Kernel Density Estimation

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carbon Isotope Discrimination is not correlated with Transpiration Efficiency in Three cool-Season Grain Legumes(Pulses)

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第10期49卷 1478-1483页

作者： Neil c.Turner Jairo A.Palta Renuka Shrestha christiane Ludwig Kadambot H.M.Siddique david W.Turner centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture M080The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture M080The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia CSIRO Plant IndustryPrivate Mail Bag No.5WembleyWA 6913Australia School of Plant Biology M084Institute of AgricultureThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia cSIRO Plant Industry Private Mail Bag No.5WembleyWA 6913Australia centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture M080The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia School of Plant BiologyM084Institute of AgricultureThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia

The carbon isotope discrimination （δ^13c） of leaves has been shown to be correlated with the transpiration efficiency of leaves in a wide range of species. This has led to δ^13c being used in breeding programs to select for improved transpiration efficiency. The correlation between δ^13c and transpiration efficiency was determined under well-watered conditions during the vegetative phase in six genotypes of lentil （Lens culinaris Medikus）, six genotypes of chickpea （cicerarietinum L.） and 10 cultivars of narrow-leafed lupin （Lupinus angustifolius L.）. Biomass （dry matter） accumulation and water use （transpiration） varied among the genotypes in all three species and transpiration efficiency was 40% to 75% higher in the most efficient compared with the least efficient genotypes. However, δ^13c and transpiration efficiency were not significantly correlated in any of the species. This suggests that the δ^13c technique cannot be used in selection for transpiration efficiency in the three grain legumes （pulses） studied.

关键词： biomass accumulation breeding chickpea lupin cicer anetinum Lens culinans lentil Lupinus angustifofius water use.

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The scope for manipulating the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of beef:a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 299-311页

作者： Payam Vahmani cletos Mapiye Nuria Prieto david c.Rolland Tim A.Mc Allister Jennifer L.Aalhus Michael E.R.Dugan Agriculture and Agri-Food canada Lacombe Research Centre Department of Animal Sciences Faculty of Agri SciencesStellenbosch University Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Alberta Agriculture and Agri-Food canada Lethbridge Research Centre

Since 1950, links between intake of saturated fatty acids and heart disease have led to recommendations to limit consumption of saturated fatty acid-rich foods, including beef. Over this time, changes in food consumption patterns in several countries including canada and the USA have not led to improvements in health. Instead, the incidence of obesity, type II diabetes and associated diseases have reached epidemic proportions owing in part to replacement of dietary fat with refined carbohydrates. Despite the content of saturated fatty acids in beef, it is also rich in heart healthy cis-monounsaturated fatty acids, and can be an important source of long-chain omega-3（n-3） fatty acids in populations where little or no oily fish is consumed. Beef also contains polyunsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation products,including vaccenic and rumenic acids, which have been shown to have anticarcinogenic and hypolipidemic properties in cell culture and animal models. Beef can be enriched with these beneficial fatty acids through manipulation of beef cattle diets, which is now more important than ever because of increasing public understanding of the relationships between diet and health. The present review examines recommendations for beef in human diets, the need to recognize the complex nature of beef fat, how cattle diets and management can alter the fatty acid composition of beef, and to what extent content claims are currently possible for beef fatty acids.

关键词： Beef Biohydrogenation products Lipids n-3 fatty acids Rumenic acid Vaccenic acid

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In-Situ Differentiation of Acidic and Non-Acidic Tundra via Portable X-ray Fluorescence (PXRF) Spectrometry

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Pedosphere 2016年第4期26卷 549-560页

作者： Somsubhra cHAKRABORTY david c. WEINDORF GARY J. MIcHAELSON chien Lu PING Ashok cHOUDHURY Tarek KANDAKJI Autumn AcREE Akriti SHARMA WANG Dandan Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya Cooch Behar 736165 Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409 University of Alaska Fairbanks Palmer Research Center Palmer AK 99645 Louisiana State University Agricultural center Baton Rouge LA 70803 college of Geography and Remote Sensing Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044

Frozen soils or those with permafrost cover large areas of the earth's surface and support unique vegetative ecosystems. Plants growing in such harsh conditions have adapted to small niches, which allow them to survive. In northern Alaska, USA, both moist acidic and non-acidic tundra occur, yet determination of frozen soil p Hs currently requires thawing of the soil so that electrometric pH methods can be utilized. contrariwise, a portable X-ray fluorescence(PXRF) spectrometer was used in this study to assess elemental abundances and relate those characteristics to soil pH through predictive multiple linear regressions. Two operational modes, Soil Mode and Geochem Mode, were utilized to scan frozen soils in-situ and under laboratory conditions, respectively, after soil samples were dried and ground. Results showed that lab scanning produced optimal results with adjusted coefficient of determination(R^2) of 0.88 and 0.33 and root mean squared errors(RMSEs) of 0.87 and 0.34 between elemental data and lab-determined pH for Soil Mode and Geochem Mode, respectively. Even though the presence of ice attenuated fluoresced radiation under field conditions, adjusted R^2 and RMSEs between the datasets still provided reasonable model generalization(e.g., 0.73 and 0.49 for field Geochem Mode). Principal component analysis qualitatively separated multiple sampling sites based on elemental data provided by PXRF, reflecting differences in the chemical composition of the soils studied. Summarily, PXRF can be used for in-situ determination of soil pH in arctic environments without the need for sample modification and thawing. Furthermore, use of PXRF for determination of soil pH may provide higher sample throughput than traditional eletrometric-based methods, while generating elemental data useful for the prediction of multiple soil parameters.

关键词： frozen soil Gelisols Geochem Mode proximal sensing Soil Mode soil pH determination

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Assessment of Potential Nutrient Release from Phosphate Rock and Dolostone for Application in Acid Soils

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Pedosphere 2018年第1期28卷 44-58页

作者： Rogério Borguete Alves RAFAEL María Luisa FERNáNDEZ-MARcOS Stefania cOccO Maria Letizia RUELLO david c.WEINDORF Valeria cARDELLI Giuseppe cORTI Department of Rural Engineering University Eduardo Mondlane Department of Agriculture Food and Environmental Sciences Università Politecnica delle Marche Department of Soil Science and Agricultural chemistry Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Department of Materials Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning Università Politecnica delle Marche Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University

Finding alternative local sources of plant nutrients is a practical, low-cost, and long-term strategy. In this study, laboratory column experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design to evaluate the feasibility of using phosphate rock and dolostone as fertilizers or acid-neutralizing agents for application in tropical acid soils. The dissolution rates of different particle-size fractions(0.063–0.25, 0.25–0.5, and 0.5–2 mm) of both rocks were studied by citric acid solution at p H 4 and 2 and water, with extraction times of 1, 3, 5, 7, 12, 24, 72, 144, 240, and 360 h. The results showed that the dissolution of both rocks depended on the particle size,leaching solution, and extraction time. The dissolution rate of rock-forming minerals increased as the specific surface area increased,corresponding to a decrease in particle size. In all cases, the release kinetics was characterized by two phases: 1) a first stage of rapid release that lasted 24 h and would ensure short-term nutrient release, and 2) a second stage of slow release after 24 h, representing the long-term nutrient release efficiency. Both rocks were suitable as slow-release fertilizers in strongly acid soils and would ensure the replenishment of P, ca, and Mg. A combination of fine and medium particle-size fractions should be used to ensure high nutrient-release efficiency. Much work could remain to determine the overall impact of considerable amounts of fresh rocks in soils.

关键词： citric acid dissolution rate leaching solution particle-size fraction release kinetics slow-release fertilizer

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Incidence of Interpersonal Violence among Individuals with Drug Addiction Receiving compulsory Treatment: A Survey at Two Drug Detention centers in Hunan, china

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2018年第12期31卷 883-887页

作者： WU Xiao Lin XIE Yi Yun NING Pei Shan DI Xiao Kang david c.ScHWEBEL HU Guo Qing Zhou Enlai School of Government Nankai University Jinnan District Tianjin 300050 China Department of Public Administration Central South University Changsha 410008 Hunan China Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics Xiangya School of Public Health Central South University Changsha 410078 Hunan China Department of Social Medicine and Health Management Xiangya School of Public Health Central South University Changsha 410078 Hunan China Department of Psychology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham35294 Alabama United States of America

Drug dependence is a serious global health *** assist individuals with drug addiction,china alone has established 678 compulsory Detoxification Detention centers （cDDcs） that treat over300,000i ndividuals who are re... 详细信息

关键词： A Survey at Two Drug Detention centers in Hunan china Incidence of Interpersonal Violence among Individuals with Drug Addiction Receiving compulsory Treatment

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combinatorial nanodot stripe assay to systematically study cell haptotaxis

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 37-48页

作者： Mcolisi Dlamini Timothy EKennedy david Juncker Biomedical Engineering Department McGill University3775 University StreetMontrealQC H3A 2B4Canada McGill Genome centre 740 Dr.Penfield AvenueMontrealQC H3A 0G1Canada McGill Program in Neuroengineering MontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery McGill University3801 University StreetMontréalQC H3A 2B4Canada

Haptotaxis is critical to cell guidance and development and has been studied in vitro using either gradients or stripe assays that present a binary choice between full and zero coverage of a protein ***,stripes offer only a choice between extremes,while for gradients,cell receptor saturation,migration history,and directional persistence confound the interpretation of cellular ***,we introduce nanodot stripe assays(NSAs)formed by adjacent stripes of nanodot arrays with different surface ***-one pairwise combinations were designed using 0,1,3,10,30,44 and 100%stripes and were patterned with 200×200,400×400 or 800×800 nm 2 *** studied the migration choices of c2c12 myoblasts that express neogenin on NSAs(and three-step gradients)of *** reference surface between the nanodots was backfilled with a mixture of polyethylene glycol and poly-D-lysine to minimize nonspecific cell ***,cell response was independent of nanodot *** to a 0%stripe,cells increasingly chose the high-density stripe with up to~90%of cells on stripes with 10%coverage and *** preference for higher *** netrin-1 coverage was observed only for coverage ratios>2.3,with cell preference plateauing at~80%for ratios≥*** combinatorial NSA enables quantitative studies of cell haptotaxis over the full range of surface coverages and ratios and provides a means to elucidate haptotactic mechanisms.

关键词： filled coverage dot

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Male infertility： lifestyle factors and holistic, complementary, and alternative therapies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 410-418,I0008,I0009页

作者： david F Yao Jesse N Mills Department of Urology UCLA 1260 15^th St #1200 Santa Monica CA 90404 USA.

While we may be comfortable with an allopathic approach to male infertility, we are also responsible for knowledge about lifestyle modifications and holistic, complementary, and alternative therapies that are used by many of our patients. This paper provides an evidence-based review separating fact from fiction for several of these therapies. There is sufficient literature to support weight reduction by diet and exercise, smoking cessation, and alcohol moderation. Supplements that have demonstrated positive effects on male fertility on small randomized controlled trial （RcT） include aescin, coenzyme Qlo, glutathione, Korean red ginseng, L-carnitine, nigella sativa, omega-3, selenium, a combination of zinc and folate, and the Menevit antioxidant. There is no support for the use of Vitamin c, Vitamin E, or saffron. The data for chinese herbal medications, acupuncture, mind-body practice, scrotal cooling, and faith-based healing are sparse or inconclusive.

关键词： alcohol antioxidants caffeine faith-based healing male infertility obesity scrotal cooling sperm tobacco traditional chinese medicine

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Evaluating the Spatial Uncertainty of Future Land Abandonment in a Mountain Valley(Vicdessos, Pyrenees-France): Insights from Model Parameterization and Experiments

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第5期12卷 1095-1112页

作者： Thomas Houet Laure Vacquié david Sheeren GEODE UMR 5602 cNRS –UT2J Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès Maison de la recherche 5 allées Antonio Machado31058 Toulouse Cedex Dynafor UMR 1201 INRA/INPT-ENSAT Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse Avenue del’Agrobiopole B.P. 32607 - Auzeville-Tolosane 31326 - Castanet-Tolosan Cédex

European mountains are particularly sensitive to climatic disruptions and land use *** latter leads to high rates of natural reforestation over the last 50 years. Faced with the challenge of predicting possible impacts on ecosystem services,LUcc models offer new opportunities for land managers to adapt or mitigate their *** the spatial uncertainty of future LUcc is crucial for the definition of sustainable land use strategies. However, the sources of uncertainty may differ, including the input parameters, the model itself, and the wide range of possible futures. The aim of this paper is to propose a method to assess the probability of occurrence of future LUcc that combines the inherent uncertainty of model parameterization and the ensemble uncertainty of the future based scenarios. For this purpose, we used the Land change Modeler tool to simulate future LUcc on a study site located in the Pyrenees Mountains(France) and two scenarios illustrating two land use strategies. The model was parameterized with the same driving factors used for its calibration. The definition of ‘static vs. dynamic' and ‘quantitative ***(discretized)' driving factors, and their combination resulted in four parameterizations. The combination of model outcomes produced maps of the spatial uncertainty of future LUcc. This work involves adapting the definition of spatial uncertainty in the literature to future-based LUcc studies. It goes beyond the uncertainty of simulation models by integrating the uncertainty of the future to provide maps to help decision makers and land managers.

关键词： Land use Land cover Scenario Model Mountainous reforestation Land abandonment Landmanagement

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