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Optimiz.tion of ultrasonic parameters for effective detachment of biofilm cells in an actual drinking water distribution system

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Journal of z.ejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2020年第3期21卷 167-178页

作者： Hong-xi PENG Yu SHAO Yi-fu z.ANG Ruo-wei WANG david z.zhu Huan-yu CHEN Jing-qing LIU College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Civil Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Civil and Environmental Engineering Department University of AlbertaAlberta T6G 2R3Canada Binhai Industrial Technology Research Institute of z.ejiang University Tianjin 300301China

It is important to obtain a considerable quantity of DNA from oligotrophic environments such as a drinking water distribution system(DWDS)to study microbial communities by molecular biotechnology,and DNA yield is always one of the biggest problems when performing metagenomic sequencing on drinking water *** obtain as many microbes as possible,ultrasound has been widely used in cell detachment,but studies on the optimal ultrasonic parameters for biofilm in DWDS have rarely been *** effects of three ultrasonic parameters,including power,duration,and the number of ultrasound treatments(USTs)on the selected monoculture bacteria(Pelomonas sp.)biofilm were studied *** the optimal values of each ultrasonic parameter were initially *** on these values,three levels of each ultrasonic parameter were selected,and then an orthogonal experiment was conducted to further study drinking water biofilm,and finally the optimal ultrasonic parameters for the effective separation of biofilm cells in DWDS were *** results showed that the optimal ultrasonic power,duration,and the number of USTs are 13 W,1 min,and 15,respectively.A 20-min interval is needed between two *** present optimal UST,which does not lose DNA quality,can increase the amount of extractable DNA by at least 4.78 times compared to samples without *** study provides a pretreatment methodology for extracting more and reliable DNA from biofilm in DWDS,and can better solve the problem of DNA collection in oligotrophic environments.

关键词： Biofilm Drinking water distribution system(DWDS) DNA yield DNA quality Ultrasound treatment(UST)

Dynamics of the outflow and its effect on the hydraulics of two-layer exchange flows in a channel

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2011年第6期1卷 26-30页

作者： Hesham Fouli david z. zhu Department of Civil Engineering King Saud University P.O. Box 800 Riyadh 11421 Saudi Arabia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada T6G 2W2

This paper reports that an experimental study is conducted to examine the dynamics of the outflow in two-layer exchange flows in a channel connecting between two water bodies with a small density difference. The experiments reveal the generation of Kelvin-Helmholtz.(KH) instabilities within the hydraulically sub-critical flow region of the channel. During maximal exchange, those KH instabilities develops into large-amplitude KH waves as they escape the channel exit into the reservoir. The propagation speed of those waves, their generation frequency and their amplitudes are studied. The dynamics of the outflow and these waves are directly linked to the hydraulic conditions of the exchange flow within the channel.

关键词： exchange flows Kelvin-Helmholtz.instabilities reservoirs and channel shear waves

Numerical Study of Flow Features Around Submerged Circular and Square Piles at Flat and Scoured Beds Using OpenFOAM

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 897-914页

作者： WANG Chaolin WU Guoxiang WANG Dianhe DU Shengtao z.ANG z.iyong JIN Heng zhu david z. LIANG Bingchen Donghai Academy School of Civil&Environmental Engineering and Geography ScienceNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Key Laboratory of Estuary and Coast of z.ejiang Province and Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and EstuaryHangzhou 310020China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering and College of EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Shandong Water Conservancy Vocational College Rizhao 276826China School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Ningbotech UniversityNingbo 315211China

Elucidating the flow features around piles in local scouring processes is crucial for studies of local scouring mechanisms and scour depth *** study details the flow turbulence characteristics of two submerged piles that are determined by solving the Navier-Stokes equations with the improved delayed detached eddy simulation *** model is verified by comparing experimental and numerical results for hydrodynamic parameters with the literature for both square-crossing piles(SCPs)and circular-crossing piles(CCPs).Original topographies of flat and scoured beds(i.e.,the initial and equilibrium scouring stages)are based on experimental results obtained by the authors in the present *** and CCP flow features in the scouring process are *** results indicate that during the scouring process,the time-averaged drag coefficient and root mean square(rms)of the lift coefficient increase linearly in the CCP test,while the rms of the lift coefficient in the SCP test decreases ***,the minimum pressure coefficient is always located in the upstream corners in the SCP case but moves from 72.5°to 79.5°when the scour hole is completely developed in the CCP *** flow behind the pile,which is generated by separated boundary layers above the top face of the pile,can reach the sand bed and turn the separated shear layers into patches of small vortices in the near-wake ***,the high shear stress z.nes are mainly at the scour edges under scoured-bed conditions.

关键词： flat bed scoured bed local scour OpenFOAM bed shear stress

基于数值模拟的阶梯水流中行人安全撤离研究(英文)

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Journal of z.ejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2015年第2期16卷 117-130页

作者： Wei-yun SHAO Li-jie JIANG Lei FANG david z. zhu z.i-lin SUN College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University z.ejiang Design Institute of Water Conservancy & Hydroelectric Power Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta

目的:研究不同形式阶梯水流中被困人员的安全撤离,为地下空间水侵灾害脆弱性评价及防灾避灾提供参考。方法:根据试验结果和数值模型的相关理论构建数值模型,验证数值模拟阶梯水流流场的可靠性和合理性,并基于数值模型的灵活性和可变性,... 详细信息

目的:研究不同形式阶梯水流中被困人员的安全撤离,为地下空间水侵灾害脆弱性评价及防灾避灾提供参考。方法:根据试验结果和数值模型的相关理论构建数值模型,验证数值模拟阶梯水流流场的可靠性和合理性,并基于数值模型的灵活性和可变性,模拟休息平台、阶梯坡度和阶梯形态对水流流场的影响,据此对有无休息平台、不同阶梯坡度和不同阶梯形态下阶梯水流流态、流速分布以及对被困人员的安全撤离的影响进行深入分析。结论:中间休息平台的存在增加了被困人员撤离的风险;阶梯坡度对阶梯上水流的水力特性影响很小;L型阶梯中间休息平台有利于减小平台下游撤离风险,被困人员可以优先选择L型阶梯或者不含休息平台的直线型阶梯撤离。

关键词：阶梯休息平台水侵灾害逃生数值模拟

Effect of air core on the shape and discharge of the outflow through a bottom outlet

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2013年第2期3卷 72-76页

作者： Yiyi Ma Yu Qian david z. zhu Department of Civil Engineering Zhejiang University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta

Experiments were conducted to study the generation of air core and its effect on the outflow shape and discharge in a cylindrical water tank with a bottom well-designed outlet. Depending on the stages of the air core in the tank, the outflow shape can vary from a smooth water jet to a smooth spindle shape with air-core, and to water sprays. The diameter of the noz.le siz. also has influence on the outflow pattern. The existence of the penetrated air core can dramatically reduce the outflow discharge, with the discharge coefficient decreasing with the noz.le diameter.

关键词： air core discharge outflow shape spray vortex

Discovery of strong bulk Dz.aloshinskii-Moriya interaction in composition-uniform centrosymmetric magnetic single layers

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 174-180页

作者： Lijun zhu david Lujan Xiaoqin Li State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Physics Center for Complex Quantum SystemsUniversity of Texas at AustinAustin 78712USA

Dz.aloshinskii-Moriya interaction(DMI)is the key ingredient of chiral spintronic phenomena and the emerging technologies based on such phenomena.A nonz.ro DMI usually occurs at magnetic interfaces or within non-centrosymmetric single ***,we report the observation of a strong unexpected DMI within a centrosymmetric polycrystalline ferromagnet that has neither a crystal inversion symmetry breaking nor a composition *** DMI is a bulk effect,increases with the thickness of the magnetic layer,and is insensitive to the symmetry of the interfaces or the neighboring *** observe a total DMI strength that is a factor of>2 greater than the highest interfacial DMI in the *** DMI most likely arises from the strong spin-orbit coupling,strong orbital hybriz.tion,and a“hidden”long-range asymmetry in the *** discovery of the strong unconventional bulk DMI in centrosymmetric,composition-uniform magnetic single layers provides fundamental building blocks for the emerging field of spintronics and will stimulate the exploitation of unconventional spin-orbit phenomena in a wide range of materials.

关键词： Brillouin light scattering Dz.aloshinskii-Moriya interaction spin wave

A multi-sensor appiproach to calving detection

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2024年第1期11卷 45-64页

作者： Anita z.Chang david L.Swain Mark G.Trotter Institute for Future Farming Systems School of HealthMedicaland Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQueensland 4700Australia

The advent of remote livestock monitoring systems provides numerous possibilities for improving on-farm productivity,efficiency,and *** potential application for these systems is for the detection of calving *** study describes the integration of data from multiple sensor sources,including accelerometers,global navigation satellite systems(GNsS),an accelerometer-derived rumination algorithm,a walk-over-weigh unit,and a weather station for parturition detection using a support vector machine *** best performing model utilised data from GNsS,the ruminating algorithm,and weather stations to achieve 98.6%accuracy,with 88.5%sensitivity and 100%*** topranking features of this model were primarily GNSS *** study provides an overview as to how various sensor systems could be integrated on-farm to maximise calving detection for improved production and welfare outcomes.

关键词： Accelerometer GNSS GPS Rumination Sensor WOW

Electromagnetic Performance Analysis of Variable Flux Memory Machines with Series-magnetic-circuit and Different Rotor Topologies

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2024年第1期8卷 3-11页

作者： Qiang Wei z.Q.zhu Yan Jia Jianghua Feng Shuying Guo Yifeng Li Shouz.i Feng Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering The University of SheffieldSheffield S13JDU.K. IEEE the CRRC zhuz.ou Institute Company Ltd. Zhuzhou 412001China

In this paper,the electromagnetic performance of variable flux memory(VFM)machines with series-magnetic-circuit is investigated and compared for different rotor *** on a V-type VFM machine,five topologies with different interior permanent magnet(IPM)arrangements are evolved and optimiz.d under same *** on two-dimensional(2-D)finite element(FE)method,their electromagnetic performance at magnetiz.tion and demagnetiz.tion states is *** reveals that the iron bridge and rotor lamination region between constant PM(CPM)and variable PM(VPM)play an important role in torque density and flux regulation(FR)***,the global efficiency can be improved in VFM machines by adjusting magnetiz.tion state(MS)under different operating conditions.

关键词： Memory machine Permanent magnet Rotor topologies Series magnetic circuit Variable flux

Activation of LONP1 by 84-B10 alleviates aristolochic acid nephropathy via re-establishing mitochondrial and peroxisomal homeostasis

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第9期22卷 808-821页

作者： XU X. zhu W. MIAO M. BAI M. FAN J. NIU Y. LI Y. z.ANG A. JIA z. WU M. School of Medicine Southeast University Nanjing 210009 China Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210008 China Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210008 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Early Development and Chronic Diseases Prevention in Children Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 China

Pharmaceutical formulations derived from Aristolochiaceae herbs, which contain aristolochic acids (AAs), are widely used for medicinal purposes. However, exposure to these plants and isolated AAs is linked to renal toxicity, known as AA nephropathy (AAN). Currently, the mechanisms underlying AAN are not fully understood, leading to unsatisfactory treatment strategies. In this study, we explored the protective role of 84-B10 (5-[[2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-5-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] amino]-5-oxo-3-phenylpentanoic acid) against AAN. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the mitochondrion and peroxisome were the most affected cellular components following 84-B10 treatment in AAN mice. Consistently, 84-B10 treatment preserved mitochondrial ultrastructure, restored mitochondrial respiration, enhanced the expression of key transporters (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2) and enz.mes (acyl-Coenz.me A dehydrogenase, medium chain) involved in mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, and reduced mitochondrial ROS generation in both aristolochic acid I (AAI)-challenged mice kidneys and cultured proximal tubular epithelial cells. Additionally, 84-B10 treatment increased the expression of key transporters (ATP binding cassette subfamily D) and rate-limiting enz.mes (acyl-CoA oxidase 1) involved in peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation and restored peroxisomal redox balance. Knocking down LONP1 expression diminished the protective effects of 84-B10 against AAN, suggesting LONP1-dependent protection. In conclusion, our study provides evidence that AAN is associated with significant disturbances in both mitochondrial and peroxisomal functions. The LONP1 activator 84-B10 demonstrates therapeutic potential against AAN, likely by maintaining homeostasis in both mitochondria and peroxisomes. © 2024 China Pharmaceutical University

关键词： 84-B10 Aristolochic acid nephropathy LONP1 Mitochondrion Peroxisome