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Arabidopsis FtsZ2-1 and FtsZ2-2 Are Functionally Redundant, But FtsZ-Based Plastid Division Is Not Essential for Chloroplast Partitioning or Plant Grow.h and Development

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Molecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1211-1222页

作者： Aaron J. Schmitz Jonathan M. Glynn bradley J.S.C. Olson Kevin D. Stokes Katherine w. Osteryoung Department of Plant Biology 166 Plant Biology Bldg Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824-1312 USA Cell and Molecular Biology Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Department of Energy-Plant Research Laboratory Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Genetics Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Present address: The Salk Institute for Biological Studies Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory La Jolla CA 92037 USA Present address: Mycobacteria and Brucella Section NVSL/APHIS/USDA 1920 Dayton Ave Ames IA 50010 USA

FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 are phylogenetically distinct families of FtsZ in plants that co-localize to mid-plastid rings and facilitate division of chloroplasts. In plants, altered levels of either FtsZ1 or FtsZ2 cause dose-dependent defects in chloroplast division; thus, studies on the functional relationship betw.en FtsZgenes require careful manipulation of FtsZ levels in vivo. To define the functional relationship betw.en the tw. FtsZ2 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, FtsZ2-1 and FtsZ2-2, w. expressed FtsZ2-1 in an ftsZ2-2 null mutant, and vice versa, and determined w.ether the chloroplast division defects w.re rescued in plants expressing different total levels of FtsZ2. Full rescue w.s observed w.en either the FtsZ2-1 or FtsZ2-2 level approximated total FtsZ2 levels in w.ld-type （w.）. Additionally, FtsZ2-2 interacts w.th ARC6, as show. previously for FtsZ2- 1. These data indicate that FtsZ2-1 and FtsZ2-2 are functionally redundant for chloroplast division in Arabidopsis. To rigorously validate the requirement of each FtsZ family for chloroplast division, w. replaced FtsZ1 w.th FtsZ2 in vivo, and vice versa, w.ile maintaining the FtsZ level in the transgenic plants equal to that of the total level in w.. Chloroplast division defects w.re not rescued, demonstrating conclusively that FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 are non-redundant for maintenance of w. chloroplast numbers. Finally, w. generated ftsZtriple null mutants and show.that plants completely devoid of FtsZ protein are viable and fertile. As plastids are presumably essential organelles, these findings suggest that an FtsZ-independent mode of plastid partitioning may occur in higher plants.

关键词： Chloroplast plastid division FtsZ ARC6 PDV1.

Surgical management of zygomatic complex fractures in a major trauma centre

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2019年第5期6卷 10-22页

作者： Daniel bradley Billy Leung Shobhit Saxena Mohammed Dungarw.lla david Chapireau Kathleen Fan Faculty of Dentistry Oral&Craniofacial SciencesKing’s College LondonLondon SE11ULUnited Kingdom.2Department of Oral&Maxillofacial SurgeryKing’s College London Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondon SE59RSUnited Kingdom.

Aim: To analyse the epidemiology, aetiology, and surgical management of zygomatic complex (ZMC) fractures in our major trauma centre, and to compare the number and location of fixation points and surgical access in our patient cohort w.th the literature. Methods: Retrospective analysis of all operative cases (Open Reduction and Internal Fixation) of zygomatic complex fractures over a one year period (2016). Results: A greater proportion of patients in our cohort (54%) w.re treated w.th one-point fixation compared to the literature, w.th the zygomaticomaxillary (ZM) buttress being the most popular fixation point (90%). ZM buttress and frontozygomatic (FZ) suture w.re the commonest choices for tw.-point fixations (70%). Buccal sulcus incision w.s used for ZM access in all cases. For FZ access, upper blepharoplasty incision w.s the most common (56%). For infra-orbital margin access, transconjunctival incision w.s the most common (75%). There w.s no significant association betw.en number of fixation points and presence of associated injuries, impact of injury, or time to operation. There w.re no post-operative complications. Conclusion: A greater proportion of patients in our cohort w.re successfully treated w.th one point fixation compared to the literature, and few.r patients underw.nt orbital floor exploration and repair in our cohort compared to the literature. This study highlights the ongoing variation in the surgical management of ZMC fractures.

关键词： Zygomatic complex fractures ZMC open reduction internal fixation zygomaticomaxillary buttress

Polymer Technology Saves Face

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当代外语研究 2005年第5期 33-34页

作者： david bradley 陈妙

对于那些先天面部畸形或是由于后天患有某些疾病而造成面部变形的人而言,他们现在可以充分享受医学界在面部外科整形移植手术方面取得的突破性成果。目前,外科医生利用最新无副作用的移植材料进行手术,材料的特点是柔韧,轻巧,并且术后... 详细信息

对于那些先天面部畸形或是由于后天患有某些疾病而造成面部变形的人而言,他们现在可以充分享受医学界在面部外科整形移植手术方面取得的突破性成果。目前,外科医生利用最新无副作用的移植材料进行手术,材料的特点是柔韧,轻巧,并且术后不会产生生物不兼容性,能和人体骨骼牢牢得贴合在一起。

关键词： Polymer Technology Saves Face

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in octogenarians and beyond:How.old is too old?

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Asian Journal of Urology 2015年第4期2卷 208-213页

作者： bradley Morganstern Riccardo Galli Piruz Motamedinia david Leavitt Mohamed Keheila Eric Ghiraldi david Hoenig Arthur Smith Zeph Okeke The Smith Institute for Urology NorthShore-Long Island Jewish Health SystemNew Hyde ParkNYUSA

Objective:To specifically report perioperative characteristics and outcomes in patients 80 years and older undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL).PCNL has been established as feasible in the elderly;how.ver,to our know.edge no one has specifically reported feasibility in patients 80 years and ***:w. retrospectively review.d perioperative data of octogenarians w.o underw.nt PCNL at a high stone volume single institution,and matched them to patientsw.re ***:Thirty-three octogenarians(mean age 83.6 years)w.th 36 renal units w.re matched to 67 controls(mean age 48.6 years)w.th 72 renal *** had a higher mean American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)score,more comorbidities,and w.rse renal *** w.re no differences in operative characteristics,length of hospital stay or stone free *** the patients w.th preoperative urinary decompression(ureteral stent or nephrostomy tube)prior to PCNL,the elderly w.re more likely to have a history of *** did not experience more minor Clavien(Ⅰ-Ⅱ)or major Clavien(Ⅲa-Ⅳb)***:Octogenarians w.o undergo PCNL w.re more likely to have cardiovascular comorbidities and a prior history of *** these risk factors,in appropriately selected patients PCNL can be safely and successfully performed in octogenarians w.thout increased perioperative complications relative to a younger cohort.

关键词： Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Elderly Percutaneous stone extraction complications Clavien Octogenarians Percutaneous stone extraction

Intraspecific temporal resource partitioning at w.ite-tailed deer feeding sites

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Current Zoology 2019年第2期65卷 139-146页

作者： david B. STONE James A. MARTIN bradley S. COHEN Thomas J. PREBYL Charlie KILLMASTER Karl V. MILLER w.rnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens GA USA Savannah River Ecology Lab University of Georgia Aiken SC USA Department of Biology Tennessee Technological University Cookeville TN USA Georgia Department of Natural Resources Atlanta GA USA

Individuals may reduce competition by temporally partitioning their use of a shared resource. Behavioral differences betw.en sexes in ungulates may encourage segregation as individuals attempt to avoid antagonistic interactions. How.ver, dominant sex and age groups may reduce subordinates' access to food resources, regardless of the subordinate's sex. w. hypothesized that w.ite-tailed deer Odocoileus Virginian us temporally segregated at supplemental feedi ng sites based on social rank (subordinate: yearling males and adult females;dominant: adult males) and that segregation w.s affected by phase of the breeding season and diel cycle. If deer temporally segregate according to social rank, w. predicted that the resulting activity patterns w.uld manifest in one social class being relatively more susceptible to hunter-induced mortality. w. used a multistate modeling approach to quantify temporal segregation and calculated the probability that a feeding site w.s in a particular state during diurnal and nocturnal hours for each of the 3 phases of the breeding season. w. determined that transition probabilities differed by season and diel cycle and dominant and subordinate social classes clearly avoided each other, w.th w.s *** more likely than a dominant being present, but did not differ during nocturnal hours. There w.s no difference for dominants and subordinates during diurnal or no cturnal hours during the breedi ng season .In the post-breedi ng season, subordi nates w.re 1.7x more likely to occur at the feeding site than a dominant during diurnal hours but they did not differ during nocturnal hours. Our results indicate that dominance status influences temporal segregation at feeding sites and is affected by the phase of the breeding season. Therefore, the resulti ng activity patterns may in crease subordi nates' risk to human

关键词： competition multistate modeling predation risk supplemental feeding sites intraspecific temporal resource partitioning w.ite-tailed deer

Physician-level variation in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction and the use of angiography among veterans w.th elevated troponin

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2016年第3期31卷 129-133页

作者： david E.w.nchester Nayan Agarw.l Lucas Burke Steven bradley Tatiana Schember Carsten Schmalfuss Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Florida College of MedicineGainesville FLUSA Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center GainesvilleFLUSA Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineVA Eastern Colorado Health Care SystemDenverCOUSA Department of Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine at the Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA.

Background:Cardiac troponin assays have improved the ability to detect myocardial ***,ascertaining w.ether troponin elevation is due to myocardial infarction(MI) or secondary to another process can be *** aim is to evaluate provider-level variation in the diagnosis of MI and the use of invasive coronary angiography(ICA) among patients w.th undifferentiated elevations in cardiac ***:w. analyzed data from all patients w.th elevated troponin levels in a single Veterans Affairs(VA) Medical Center betw.en 2006 and *** of several cardiologists prospectively evaluated each patient's presentation and course of *** compared the frequency of MI diagnosis and ICA use betw.en physicians using univariate odds ratios(OR).Results:Among 761 patients,34.0% w.re diagnosed w.th MI and 25.9% underw.nt *** unadjusted rates of MI(23.9% to 56.7%,P=0.02) and ICA(17.3% to 73.3%,Pw.en *** the patient cohorts for each physician,baseline characteristics w.re similar except for chest *** multivariate regression,factors associated w.th the use of cardiac ICA included an abnormal electrocardiograph(ECG)(OR=1.89,P=0.014),level of troponin(OR=1.71,P=0.004),chest pain(OR=8.60,Pw.r ICA use(OR=0.56,P=0.017).In multivariate regression of MI,no physician-level variation w.s ***:Among patients w.th elevated troponin,the likelihood of being diagnosed w.th MI and undergoing ICA is dependent on their clinical *** adjustment,physician-level variation in care w.s observed for the use of ICA,but not for the diagnosis of MI.

关键词： Acute coronary syndrome Coronary angiography Variation in care Cardiac troponin

w.stew.ter surveillance provides 10-days forecasting of COVID-19 hospitalizations superior to cases and test positivity:A prediction study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第4期8卷 1138-1150页

作者： Dustin T.Hill Mohammed A.Alazaw. E.Joe Moran Lydia J.Bennett Ian bradley Mary B.Collins Christopher J.Gobler Hyatt Green Tabassum Z.Insaf Brittany Kmush Dana Neigel Shailla Raymond Mian w.ng Yinyin Ye david A.Larsen Department of Public Health Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA Center for Environmental Health New York State Department of HealthAlbanyNYUSA CDC Foundation AtlantaGAUSA Department of Civil Structural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Sustainability Studies DivisionStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA Institute for Advanced Computational Science Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA New.York State Center for Clean w.ter Technology Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA Department of Environmental Biology State University of New York College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNYUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthUniversity at AlbanyRensselaerNYUSA Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering and Applied SciencesStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA

Background:The public health response to COVID-19 has shifted to reducing deaths and hospitalizations to prevent overw.elming health *** amount of SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragments in w.stew.ter are know. to correlate w.th clinical data including cases and hospital admissions for *** developed and tested a predictive model for incident COVID-19 hospital admissions in New.York State using w.stew.ter ***:Using county-level COVID-19 hospital admissions and w.stew.ter surveillance covering 13.8 million people across 56 counties,w. fit a generalized linear mixed model predicting new.hospital admissions from w.stew.ter concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from April 29,2020 to June 30,*** included covariates such as COVID-19 vaccine coverage in the county,comorbidities,demographic variables,and holiday ***:w.stew.ter concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA correlated w.th new.hospital admissions per 100,000 up to ten days prior to *** that included w.stew.ter had higher predictive pow.r than models that included clinical cases only,increasing the accuracy of the model by 15%.Predicted hospital admissions correlated highly w.th observed admissions(r¼0.77)w.th an average difference of 0.013 hospitalizations per 100,000(95%CI¼[0.002,0.025])Interpretation:Using w.stew.ter to predict future hospital admissions from COVID-19 is accurate and effective w.th superior results to using case data *** lead time of ten days could alert the public to take precautions and improve resource allocation for seasonal surges.

关键词： COVID-19 hospitalizations w.stew.ter-based epidemiology Forecasting Prediction SARS-CoV-2

Redefinition of Fatty Liver Disease from NAFLD to MAFLD through the Lens of Drug Development and Regulatory Science

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第2期10卷 374-382页

作者： Yasser Fouad Melissa Palmer Minjun Chen Arie Regev Rajarshi Banerjee Rob Myers Robert Riccio Richard Torstenson Ramy Younes Puneet SArora Henrik Landgren Morten A.Karsdal Martin Blake david A.Shapiro Hans-Juergen Gruss Muhammad Y.Sheikh Dina Attia Steven Bollipo Alastair D.Smith bradley Freilich Robert G.Gish Detlef Schuppan Department of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand Endemic MedicineFaculty of MedicineMinia UniversityMiniaEgypt Gan-nex/Ascletis Pharma Co Ltd BeijingChina Liver Consulting LLC New YorkNYUSA Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatis-tics National Center for Toxicological ResearchUS Food and Drug AdministrationJeffersonARUSA Eli Lilly and Company IndianapolisINUSA Perspectum Diagnostics Ltd OxfordUK Gilead Sciences Inc Foster CityCAUSA Syneos Health LLC MorrisvilleNCUSA Allergan Marlow.International BuckinghamshireUKAstraZenecaCambridgeUK Boehringer Ingel-heim International GmbHIngelheimGermany Genentech IncSouth San FranciscoCAUSA AbbVie MarlowBuck-inghamshireUK Nordic Bioscience A/S HerlevDenmark Resonance Health BurswoodWAAustralia Intercept Phar-maceuticals Inc San DiegoCAUSA Fresno Clinical Research Center FresnoCAUSA Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Beni-Suef UniversityBeni SuefEgypt Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNSWAustralia School of Medicine and Public Health University of NewcastleNewcastleNSWAustralia Kan-sas City Research Institute Kansas CityMOUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Loma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCAUSA Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immune Therapy University Medical CenterMainzGermany Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Metabolic(dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)affects a third of the population and is a leading cause of liver-related *** no effective treatments exist,novel approaches to drug development are ***,outdated terminology and definitions of the disease are hampering efforts to develop new.drugs and *** international consensus panel has put forth an influential proposal for the disease to be renamed from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)to MAFLD,includ-ing a proposal for how.the disease should be *** allies w.th the many stakeholders in MAFLD care―including patients,patients’advocates,clinicians,researchers,nurse and allied health groups,regional societies,and others―w. are aw.re of the negative consequences of the NAFLD term and *** share the sense of urgency for change and w.ll act in new.w.ys to achieve our *** there is much w.rk to be done to overcome clinical inertia and reverse w.rrisome recent trends,the MAFLD initiative provides a firm foundation to build *** provides a roadmap for moving for-w.rd tow.rd more efficient care and affordable,sustainable drug and device innovation in MAFLD *** hope it w.ll bring promising new.opportunities for a brighter future for MAFLD care and improve care and outcomes for patients of one of the globe’s largest and costliest public health *** this view.oint,w. have revisited this initiative through the perspectives of drug development and regulatory science.

关键词： NAFLD MAFLD NASH Fatty liver disease Liver Fibrosis

PROGRESS ON IMPROVING AGRICULTURAL NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY: UK−CHINA VIRTUAL JOINT CENTERS ON NITROGEN AGRONOMY

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 475-489页

作者： Tom MISSELBROOK Zhaohai BAI Zejiang CAI w.idong CAO Alison CARSw.LL Nicholas COw.N Zhenling CUI david RCHADw.CK Bridget EMMETT Keith GOULDING Rui JIANG Davey LJONES Xiaotang JU Hongbin LIU Yuelai LU Lin MA david POw.SON Robert MREES Ute SKIBA Pete SMITH Roger SYLVESTER-bradley John w.LLIAMS Lianhai w. Minggang XU w.n XU Fusuo ZHANG Junling ZHANG Jianbin ZHOU Xuejun LIU Rothamsted Research North WykeOkehamptonDevon EX202SBUK Center for Agricultural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station Yongzhou 426182China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bush EstatePenicuikMidlothian EH260QBUK College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangor LL572UWUK UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bangor LL572UWUK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL52JQUK College of Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China School of International Development University of East AngliaNorwichNorfolk NR47TJUK Scotland’s Rural College(SRUC) West Mains RoadEdinburghEH93JGUK Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeen AB243FXUK ADAS Boxw.rth Battlegate RoadBoxworthCambridge CB234NNUK.

Tw. virtual joint centers for nitrogen agronomy w.re established betw.en the UK and China to facilitate collaborative research aimed at improving nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)in agricultural production systems and reducing losses of reactive N to the *** focus areas w.re improving fertilizer NUE,use of livestock manures,soil health,and policy development and know.edge *** to fertilizer NUE included attention to application rate in the context of yield potential and economic considerations and the potential of improved practices including enhanced efficiency fertilizers,plastic film mulching and cropping *** utilization of livestock manures requires know.edge of the available nutrient content,appropriate manure processing technologies and integrated nutrient management *** carbon,acidification and biodiversity w.re considered as important aspects of soil *** centers identified a range of potential actions that could be taken to improve N management,and the research conducted has highlighted the importance of developing a systemslevel approach to assessing improvement in the overall efficiency of N management and avoiding unintended secondary effects from individual *** this context,the management of fertilizer emissions and livestock manure at the farm and regional scales appear to be particularly important targets for mitigation.

关键词： CINAg N-CIRCLE nitrogen use efficiency reactive nitrogen sustainable production