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Is the robot necessary for enhanced recovery after minimally invasive surgery hepatectomy?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 219-220页

作者： Richard S.Hoehn Samer t.tohme david A.Geller Department of Surgery Liver Cancer CenterUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA

Minimally invasive surgery has become the standard of care for many operations,and laparoscopic liver resections have rapidly expanded over the past decade(1,2).In 2014,an international panel of liver surgeons determined that laparoscopic minor hepatectomy is either superior or equivalent to traditional open surgery for when performed by trained experts,depending on the outcomes examined(3).In fact,laparoscopic liver surgery has been found to be cost-effective compared to open surgery,owing to shorter length of stay,quicker recovery and less postoperative morbidity(4,5).Indications and use of laparoscopic liver surgery have expanded in recent years from minor resections to major resection and living donor liver transplant,with safe and acceptable outcomes(3).

关键词： surgery expanded robot

Instance Segmentation of Characters Recognized in Palmyrene Aramaic Inscriptions

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2869-2889页

作者： Adéla Hamplová Alexey Lyavdansky tomášNovák Ondrej Svojše david Franc Arnošt Veselý Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague(CULS) Faculty of Economics and ManagementDepartment of Information EngineeringPrague16500Czech Republic National Research University Higher School of Economics(HSE) Faculty of HumanitiesInstitute for Oriental and Classical StudiesMoscow101000The Russian Federation

this study presents a single-class and multi-class instance segmentation approach applied to ancient Palmyrene inscriptions,employing two state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms,namely YOLOv8 and Roboflow *** goal is to contribute to the preservation and understanding of historical texts,showcasing the potential of modern deep learning methods in archaeological *** research culminates in several key findings and scientific *** comprehensively compare the performance of YOLOv8 and Roboflow 3.0 in the context of Palmyrene character segmentation—this comparative analysis mainly focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm in this *** also created and annotated an extensive dataset of Palmyrene inscriptions,a crucial resource for further research in the *** dataset serves for training and evaluating the segmentation *** employ comparative evaluation metrics to quantitatively assess the segmentation results,ensuring the reliability and reproducibility of our findings and we present custom visualization tools for predicted segmentation *** study advances the state of the art in semi-automatic reading of Palmyrene inscriptions and establishes a benchmark for future *** availability of the Palmyrene dataset and the insights into algorithm performance contribute to the broader understanding of historical text analysis.

关键词： Optical character recognition instance segmentation Palmyrene ancient languages computer vision

Heterosis in locally adapted sorghum genotypes and potential of hybrids for increased productivity in contrasting environments in Ethiopia

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the Crop Journal 2016年第6期4卷 479-489页

作者： taye t.Mindaye Emma S.Mace Ian D.Godwin david R.Jordan the University of Queensland QueenslandAlliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationHermitage Research Facility Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Melkassa Research Center Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Hermitage Research Facility the University of Queensland School of Agriculture and Food Sciences

Increased productivity in sorghum has been achieved in the developed world using *** their yield advantage,introduced hybrids have not been adopted in Ethiopia due to the lack of adaptive traits,their short plant stature and small grain *** study was conducted to investigate hybrid performance and the magnitude of heterosis of locally adapted genotypes in addition to introduced hybrids in three contrasting environments in *** total,139 hybrids,derived from introduced seed parents crossed with locally adapted genotypes and introduced R lines,were ***,the hybrids matured earlier than the adapted parents,but had higher grain yield,plant height,grain number and grain weight in all *** lowland adapted hybrids displayed a mean better parent heterosis(BPH) of19%,equating to 1160 kg ha-1and a 29% mean increase in grain yield,in addition to increased plant height and grain weight,in comparison to the hybrids derived from the introduced R *** mean BPH for grain yield for the highland adapted hybrids was 16% in the highland and 52%in the intermediate environment equating to 698 kg ha-1and 2031 kg ha-1,respectively,in addition to increased grain *** magnitude of heterosis observed for each hybrid group was related to the genetic distance between the parental *** majority of hybrids also showed superiority over the standard check *** general,hybrids from locally adapted genotypes were superior in grain yield,plant height and grain weight compared to the high parents and introduced hybrids indicating the potential for hybrids to increase productivity while addressing farmers' required traits.

关键词： Farmers preferred traits High parent heterosis Locally adapted genotypes Sorghum hybrids

Bayesian analysis of minimal model under the insulin-modified IVGtt

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Health 2010年第3期2卷 188-194页

作者： Yi Wang kent M. Eskridge Andrzej t. Galecki University of Michigan University of Nebraska-Lincoln

A Bayesian analysis of the minimal model was proposed where both glucose and insulin were analyzed simultaneously under the insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGtt). the resulting model was implemented with a nonlinear mixed-effects modeling setup using ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which leads to precise estimation of population parameters by separating the inter- and intra-individual variability. the results indicated that the Bayesian method applied to the glucose-insulin minimal model provided a satisfactory solution with accurate parameter estimates which were numerically stable since the Bayesian method did not require approximation by linearization.

关键词： Minimal Model Bayesian Analysis IVGtt Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Modeling ODE

Multilocus Phylogeny of Lycodon and the taxonomic Revision of Oligodon multizonatum

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Asian Herpetological Research 2014年第1期5卷 26-37页

作者： Juan LEI Xiaoyu SUN Ke JIANG Gernot VOGEL david t.BOOtH Li DING Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life and Sciences Sichuan University School of Biological Science The University of Queensland State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Society for Southeast Asian Herpetology

Classification of the Asian snake genera Lycodon and Oligodon has proven challenging. We conducted a molecular phylogenetic analysis to estimate the phylogenetic relationships in the genus of Lycodon and clarify the taxonomic status of Oligodon multizonatum using mitochondrial（cyt b, ND4） and nuclear（c-mos） genes. Phylogenetic trees estimated using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference indicated that O. multizonatum is actually a species of Lycodon. Comparing morphological data from O. multizonatum and its closest relatives also supported this conclusion. Our results imply that a thorough review of the evolutionary relationships in the genus of Lycodon is strong suggested.

关键词： Bayesian inference China classifi cation c-mos cyt b Lycodon maximum likelihood ND4 Oligodon

therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第13期20卷 3475-3484页

作者： Andres J Yarur Maria t Abreu Amar R Deshpande david H Kerman Daniel A Sussman Division of Gastroenterology University of Miami Leonard Miller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States

thiopurine analogs and anti-tumor necrosis factor (tNF) agents have dramatically changed the therapeutics of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), improving short and long-term outcomes. Unfortunately some patients do not respond to therapy and others lose response over time. the pharmacokinetic properties of these drugs are complex, with high inter-patient variability. thiopurine analogs are metabolized through a series of pathways, which vary according to the patients’ pharmacogenetic profile. this profile largely determines the ratios of metabolites, which are in turn associated with likelihoods of clinical efficacy and/or toxicity. Understanding these mechanisms allows for manipulation of drug dose, aiming to reduce the development of toxicity while improving the efficacy of treatment. the efficacy of anti-tNF drugs is influenced by many pharmacodynamic variables. Several factors may alter drug clearance, including the concomitant use of immunomodulators (thiopurine analogs and methotrexate), systemic inflammation, the presence of anti-drug antibodies, and body mass. the treatment of IBD has evolved with the understanding of the pharmacologic profiles of immunomodulating and tNF-inhibiting medications, with good evidence for improvement in patient outcomes observed when measuring metabolic pathway indices. the role of routine measurement of metabolite/drug levels and antibodies warrants further prospective studies as we enter the era of personalized IBD care.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Anti-tumor necrosis factor Infliximab Adalimumab Drug level Azathioprine thiopurines Antibodies Drug monitoring thioguanine

Induction of CXC chemokines in human mesenchymal stem cells by stimulation with secreted frizzled-related proteins through non-canonical Wnt signaling

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第11期7卷 1262-1273页

作者： david S Bischoff Jian-Hua Zhu Nalini S Makhijani Dean t Yamaguchi Research Service VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

AIM: to investigate the effect of secreted frizzledrelated proteins(s FRPs) on CXC chemokine expression in human mesenchymal stem cells(h MSCs).MEtHODS: CXC chemokines such as CXCL5 and CXCL8 are induced in h MSCs during differentiation with osteogenic differentiation medium(OGM) and may be involved in angiogenic stimulation during bone repair. h MSCs were treated with conditioned medium(CM) from L-cells expressing non-canonical Wnt5 a protein, or with control CM from wild type L-cells, or directly with s FRPs for up to 10 d in culture. m RNA expression levels of both CXCL5 and CXCL8 were quantitated by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and secreted protein levels of these proteins determined by ELISA. Dose-(0-500 ng/m L) and time-response curves were generated for treatment with s FRP1. Signal transduction pathways were explored by western blot analysis with pan- or phosphorylation-specific antibodies, through use of specific pathway inhibitors, and through use of si RNAs targeting specific frizzled receptors(Fzd)-2 and 5 or thereceptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor-2(Ro R2) prior to treatment with s FRPs. RESULtS: CM from L-cells expressing Wnt5 a, a noncanonical Wnt, stimulated an increase in CXCL5 m RNA expression and protein secretion in comparison to control L-cell CM. s FRP1, which should inhibit both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling, surprisingly enhanced the expression of CXCL5 at 7 and 10 d. Dickkopf1, an inhibitor of canonical Wnt signaling prevented the s FRPstimulated induction of CXCL5 and actually inhibited basal levels of CXCL5 expression at 7 but not at 10 d post treatment. In addition, all four s FRPs isoforms induced CXCL8 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner with maximum expression at 7 d with treatment at 150 ng/m L. the largest increases in CXCL5 expression were seen from stimulation with s FRP1 or s FRP2. Analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in the presence of OGM sh

关键词： CXC chemokines Mesenchymal stem cell Osteogenesis Differentiation Wnt signaling pathway Frizzled-related protein Frizzled receptors

Comparing the Effectiveness of Coatings on Carbide andCermet Cutting tool Inserts

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 1995年第4期11卷 269-275页

作者： K.H. W.Seah M.Rahman and C.H.Lee (Dept. of Mech. & Prod. Eng., National University of Singapore, 10 kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 0511 t.N.Goh (Dept. of Ind. & Sys. Eng., National University of Singapore, 10 kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 0511) NAtL UNIV SINGAPORE DEPT IND & SYST ENGN SINGAPORE 0511 SINGAPORE

A series of metal cutting experiments was performed on a CNC lathe to evaluate the performance of various coatings on different tool substrates. the workpiece material was plain medium carbon steel and the cutting tool materials were carbide and cermet inserts coated with various single as well as multilayer coatings. Machining was done under various cutting conditions of speed and feed-rate, and for various durations of Cutting. the output parameters studied were the cutting forces (axial, radial and tangential), the surface roughness of the workpiece, as well as the tool wear (crater and flank wear). From these results, the performances of the various cutting inserts are evaluated and compared. Results show that cutting forces are significantly lower when using coated cermets than when using coated carbides although different coatings on the same substrate also result in different cutting forces. However, there is less difference in the surface roughness of the finished workpiece for the various coatings and substrates.

关键词： tool Comparing the Effectiveness of Coatings on Carbide andCermet Cutting tool Inserts

tailoring the degradation rate of magnesium through biomedical nano-porous titanate coatings

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第1期9卷 336-350页

作者： Matthew D.Wadge Jamie McGuire Benjamin V.t.Hanby Reda M.Felfel Ifty Ahmed david M.Grant Advanced Materials Research Group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNG72RD United Kingdom Physics Department Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egyp

A novel approach was developed to reduce the corrosion rate of magnesium(Mg)metal,utilising titanate *** sputtering was used to deposit ca.500 nm titanium(ti)coatings onto pure Mg discs,followed by hydrothermal conversion and ion exchange reactions to produce sodium and calcium titanate *** confirmed the characteristic nanoporous structure of sodium and calcium titanate,with thicknesses ranging from ca.0.8 to 1.4μ*** analysis confirmed the presence of ti^(4+)-O,Na-O,and Ca-O bonding,whilst Raman spectroscopy demonstrated characteristic vibrational modes(such as tiO 6 octahedral vibrations)of the sodium and calcium titanate perovskite ***,corrosion studies through potentiodynamic polarisation measurements demonstrated the NB/NH CatC samples to be superior in reducing Mg degradation,compared to other samples tested,through an increase in E_(corr)from-1.49 to-1.33 V,and the reduction in corrosion current density,i corr,from 0.31 to 0.06 mA/cm^(2)for Mg and NB/NH CatC samples,*** was a clear trend noted for the NB/NH samples,which showed an increase in E corr to more positive values in the following order:Mgti coatedtCtitanate coatings have potential to be applied onto degradable plates for bone fracture fixation,or other orthopaedic applications.

关键词： Magnesium degradation titanate Biodegradable Ion exchange Electrochemical corrosion Magnetron sputtering