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Microbial responses to combined oxidation and catalysis treatment of 1,4-dioxane and co-contaminants in groundwater and soil

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第5期12卷 168-180页

作者： Yu Miao Nicholas W.Johnson Kimberly Heck Sujin Guo Camilah D.Powell thien Phan Phillip B.Gedalanga david t.adamson Charles J.Newell Michael S.Wong Shaily Mahendra Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA Department of Health Science California State UniversityFullertonCA 92834USA GSI Environmental Inc. HoustonTX 77098USA

Post-treatment impacts of a novel combined hydrogen peroxide(H2O_(2))oxidation and WOx/ZrO_(2) catalysis used for the removal of 1,4-dioxane and chlorinated volatile organic compound(CVOC)contaminants were investigated in soil and groundwater microbial *** treatment train removed~90%1,4-dioxane regardless of initial concentrations of 1,4-dioxane and *** Illumina Miseq platform and bioinformatics were used to study the changes to microbial community *** approach determined that dynamic shifts of microbiomes were associated with conditions specific to treatments as well as 1,4-dioxane and CVOCs *** biodiversity was observed to decrease only after oxidation under conditions that included high levels of 1,4-dioxane and CVOCs,but increased when 1,4-dioxane was present without ***_(x)/ZrO_(2) catalysis reduced biodiversity across all *** classification demonstrated oxidative tolerance for members of the genera Massilia and Rhodococcus,while catalyst tolerance was observed for members of the genera Sphingomonas and *** discriminant analysis effect size was a useful statistical tool to highlight representative microbes,while the multidimensional analysis elucidated the separation of microbiomes under the low 1,4-dioxane-only condition from all other conditions containing CVOCs,as well as the differences of microbial population among original,post-oxidation,and post-catalysis *** results of this study enhance our understanding of microbial community responses to a promising chemical treatment train,and the metagenomic analysis will help practitioners predict the microbial community status during the post-treatment period,which may have consequences for long-term management strategies that include additional biodegradation treatment or natural attenuation.

关键词： Coupled treatments Chlorinated solvents Diethylene ether Biological diversity Microbial populations Biomarkers

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Design of finger gestures for locomotion in virtual reality

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2019年第1期1卷 1-9页

作者： Rachel HUANG Carisa HARRIS-adamson Dan ODELL david REMPEL Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94804USA Department ofPublic Health University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94804USA

Background Within a virtual environment(VE)the control of locomotion(e.g.,self-travel)is critical for creating a realistic and functional *** the direction of locomotion,whileusing a head-mounted display(HMD),is determined by the direction the head is pointing and the forwardor backward motion is controlled with a hand held ***,hand held devices can be difficultto use while the eyes are covered with a *** hand gestures,that are tracked with a camera or ahand data glove,have an advantage of eliminating the need to look at the hand controller but the design ofhand or finger gestures for this purpose has not been well *** this study used a depth-sensing camera to track fingertip location(curling and straightening the fingers),which was converted toforward or backward self-travel in the *** position was converted to self-travel velocity using amapping function with three parameters:a region of zero velocity(dead zone)around the relaxed handposition,a linear relationship of fingertip position to velocity(slope orβ)beginning at the edge of the deadzone,and an exponential relationship rather than a linear one mapping fingertip position to velocity(exponent).Using a HMD,participants moved forward along a virtual road and stopped at a target on theroad by controlling self-travel velocity with finger flexion and *** of the 3 mapping functionparameters was tested at 3 *** measured included usability ratings,fatigue,nausea,and timeto complete the *** twenty subjects participated but five did not complete the study due *** size of the dead zone had little effect on performance or *** preferred lower β values which were associated with better subjective ratings of control and reduced time to complete thetask,especially for large *** values of 1.0 or greater were preferred and reduced the time tocomplete the task,especially for small ***

关键词： Human computer interaction Virtual environment Gesture design

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Late Ordovician Mass Extinction: Earth, fire and ice

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： david A.t.Harper Palaeoecosystems Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction was the earliest of the ‘big’ five extinction events and the earliest to affect the trajectory of metazoan life. two phases have been identified near the start of the Hirnantian period and in the middle. It was a massive taxonomic extinction, a weak phylogenetic extinction and a relatively benign ecological extinction. A rapid cooling, triggering a major ice age that reduced the temperature of surface waters, prompted a drop in sea level of some 100 m and introduced toxic bottom waters onto the shelves. these symptoms of more fundamental planetary processes have been associated with a range of factors with an underlying driver identified as volcanicity. Volcanic eruptions, and other products, may have extended back in time to at least the Sandbian and early Katian, suggesting the extinctions were more protracted and influential than hitherto documented.

关键词： Ordovician LOME paleoecology palaeobiogeography biotas

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Combining innovative science and policy to improve air quality in cities with refining and chemicals manufacturing： the case study of Houston, texas, USA

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 293-304页

作者： david t. Allen University of texas Austin Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Energy and Environmental Resources Austin TX 78759 USA

In Houston, a combination of urban emissions from a city of 4 million people, coupled with emissions from extensive petroleum refining and chemical manufacturing, leads to conditions for photochemistry that are unique in the United States, and historically, the city had experienced some of the highest ozone concentrations recorded in the United States. Large air quality field studies （the texas Air Quality Studies or texAQS I and II） were conducted to determine root causes of the high ozone concentrations. Hundreds of air quality investigators, from around the world, deployed instruments on aircraft, on ships, and at fixed ground sites to make extensive air quality measurements; detailed photochemical modeling was used to interpret and assess the implications of the measurements. the texas Air Quality Studies revealed that both continuous and episodic emissions of light alkenes, which came to be called highly reactive volatile organic compounds, played a critical role in the formation of ozone and other photochemical oxidants in the region. Under- standing and quantifying the role of these emissions in regional air quality required innovations in characterizing emissions and in photochemical modeling. Reducing emissions required innovative policy approaches. these coupled scientific and policy innovations are described, and the result, substantially cleaner air for Houston, is documented. the lessons learned from the Houston air quality experience are relevant to cities with similar population and industrial profiles around the world.

关键词： ozone air quality highly reactive volatile organic compounds Houston

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Regulation of proprietary traditional Chinese medicines in Australia

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第1期15卷 12-14页

作者： david t. Graham ISO technical committee 249 (1SO/tC 249) 7-C Shuguang Building 189 Pu 'an Road Shanghai 200021 China

this review article describes the regulation of proprietary Chinese medicines for the Australian market, which may permit many medicines used in traditional Chinese Medicine to have a simplified process of market acce... 详细信息

关键词： Regulation Australia Chinese medicines

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Influence of incubation temperature on sea turtle hatchling quality

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 352-360页

作者： david t.BOOtH School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia

Since the 1980s it has been known that incubation temperature influences the sex ratio of sea turtle hatchlings emerging from their nests,and there has been much speculation on how global climate change might threaten sea turtle populations by raising nest temperatures and causing highly female-biased hatchling sex *** recently,studies have indicated that incubation temperature can also influence the size and locomotor performance of sea turtle *** I review recent studies that have explored the influence of incubation temperature on sea turtle hatchling quality in terms of hatchling morphology and locomotor performance.I also discuss the likely underlying mechanisms responsible for incubation temperature-induced differences in hatchling locomotor performance,and how an increase in nest temperature associated with global warming might affect recruitment of sea turtle hatchlings.

关键词： locomotor performance nest temperature phenotype sea turtle hatchling

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transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN t.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

this paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. the influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. to depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the homotopy analysis method(HAM).the effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the Schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the Schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective Lewis number.

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An Empirical Exploration of the Capabilities of People with Disabilities in Coping with Disasters

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 602-614页

作者： Khanh that ton JC Gaillard Carole adamson Caglar Akgungor Ha thanh Ho School of Environment The University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management North-West UniversityPotchefstroomSouth Africa School of Counselling.Human Services and Social Work The University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand Resilience Advisors Network Dublin 4 D04 ED73Ireland Centre for Climate Change Study in Central Vietnam Hue University of Agriculture and ForestryHue CityVietnam

While the capability approach is increasingly being adopted for evaluating well-being and social justice in the field of human development,this approach in disaster research has remained *** research thus seeks to address the disaster risk that humans face through a lens of capabilities,with a focus on the lives of people with disabilities.A multi-case study approach was adopted and two rural communes in Vietnam were selected as study con *** were collected using focus group discussions and interviews that involved people with disabilities,parents/caregivers of people with intellectual/psychosocial disabilities,and representatives from related *** was found that people with disabilities are affected by disasters due to the lack of capabilities that they value in coping with disasters.A range of capabilities that people with disabilities value was revealed in the study sites,with many being valued not only in times of disasters but also in daily *** findings also highlight that,to actualize their valued capabilities,people with disabilities need access not only to resources but also to the factors that enable them to convert the resources to their valued *** most cases,the limitations to the achievement of capabilities are related to the external environment.

关键词： Capability approach Disasters People with disabilities Vietnam Vulnerability

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Colorectal cancer and dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第17期14卷 2662-2669页

作者： timothy L Zisman david t Rubin Clinical Research Fellow in Gastro-enterology the University of Chicago Medical Center the University of Chicago Medical Center

Both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease carry an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Established risk factors for cancer among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) include the younger age at diagnosis, greater extent and duration of disease, increased severity of inflammation, family history of colorectal cancer and coexisting primary sclerosing cholangitis. Recent evidence suggests that current medical therapies and surgical techniques for inflammatory bowel disease may be reducing the incidence of this complication. Nonetheless heightened vigilance and a careful, comprehensive approach to prevent or minimize the complications of invasive cancer are warranted in this unique cohort of patients. Current guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cancer in this high risk population are grounded in the concept of an inflammation-dysplasia- carcinoma sequence. A thorough understanding of the definition and natural history of dysplasia in IBD, as well as the challenges associated with detection and interpretation of dysplasia are fundamental to developing an effective strategy for surveillance and prevention, and understanding the limitations of the current approach to prevention. this article reviews the current consensus guidelines for screening and surveillance of cancer in IBD, as well as presenting the evidence and rationale for chemoprevention of cancer and a discussion of emerging technologies for the detection of dysplasia.

关键词： Cancer Dysplasia Inflammatory Bowel Disease Ulcerative Colitis Crohn's Disease Chemoprevention

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Antioxidant properties of aqueous extracts of unripe Musa Paradisiaca on sodium nitroprusside induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in vitro

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical Biomedicine 2013年第6期3卷 449-457页

作者： Sidiqat.adamson Shodehinde Ganiyu Oboh Department of Biochemistry Adekunle Ajasin University Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit Department of BiochemistryFederal University of Technology

Objective:to evaluate and compare antioxidant activities of the aqueous extracts of unripe plantain(Musa paradisiaca),assess their inhibitory action on sodium nitroprusside induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in vitro and to cliaracterize the main phenolic constituents of the plantain products using gas chromatography ***:Aqueous extracts of plantain products(raw,elastic pastry,roasted and boiled)(lour ol 0.1 g/mL(each)were used to determine their total phenol,total flavonoid,1,1 diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and hydroxyl(OH)radical scavenging *** inhibitory effect of the extracts on sodium nitropmsside induced lipid peroxidation was also ***:the results revealed that all the aqueous extracts showed antioxidant *** boiled Hour had highest DPPH and OH radical scavenging ability while raw Hour had the highest Fe^(2+)chelating ability,sodium nilroprusside inhibitor)effect and vitamin C *** antioxidant results showed that elastic pastry had the highest total phenol and total flavonoid *** of the unripe plantain products for polyphenol contents using gas chromatography showed varied quantity of apigenin,***,capsaicin,*** acid,kampferol,quercetin,p-hydroxybenzoic acid,shogaol,glycitein and gingerol per product on the ***:Considering the antioxidant activities and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation of unripe plantain,this could justify their traditional use in the management/prevention of diseases related to stress.

关键词： Polyphenols Antioxidants Musa paradisiaca Sodium nitroprusside Lipid peroxidation

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