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Biolog方法在区分城市土壤与农村土壤微生物特性上的应用

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土壤学报 2002年第4期39卷 582-589页

作者：杨元根 Paterson E Campbell C 中国科学院地球化学研究所贵州贵阳550002 The

通过利用环境微生物研究中比较可靠有效的Biolog方法研究了英国阿伯丁市城市土壤与邻近农村土壤的微生物群落结构和功能多样性,结果表明在重金属元素胁迫下,城市土壤的微生物群落结构与农村土壤相比已经发生了显著的改变,从而导致城市... 详细信息

通过利用环境微生物研究中比较可靠有效的Biolog方法研究了英国阿伯丁市城市土壤与邻近农村土壤的微生物群落结构和功能多样性,结果表明在重金属元素胁迫下,城市土壤的微生物群落结构与农村土壤相比已经发生了显著的改变,从而导致城市土壤微生物在利用能源碳方面包括消耗量、消耗速度、能源碳的利用种类等发生了一系列改变,使城市土壤显著区别于农村土壤。

关键词： Biolog方法区分城市土壤农村土壤微生物特性应用

An Evaluation of the Introduction of Modified Cropping Practices in Yunnan Province,China,Using Surveys of Farmers’ Households

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第2期8卷 188-202页

作者： M Subedi T J Hocking M A Fullen A r McCrea E Milne D J Mitchell WU Bo-zhi School of Applied Sciences University of Wolverhampton Wulfruna Street Wolverhampton WV1 1LY UK The macaulay Institute Craigiebuckler Aberdeen AB15 8QH UK Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650201 P.R.China

Problems associated with land degradation are serious in China. Sloping land in South China has experienced a decline in crop productivity by 30-60% due to soil erosion and it has been predicted that most topsoil will be lost within the next 100 years if current erosion rates continue. Considering these situations, an agro-environmental research and development project （Sustainable Highland Agriculture in South-East Asia- SHASEA） was conducted in a catchment in Yunnan Province, China, to address the objectives of increasing crop productivity in sustainable and environmentally-friendly ways. A range of cropping practices was developed and implemented in a rural upland catchment （Wang Jia）. At the end of the project, farmers were surveyed to evaluate project effectiveness. All farmers from Wang Jia Catchment, who were involved in project implementation, were surveyed. A sample of farmers working in an adjacent catchment （not associated with the project） was surveyed for comparative purposes. Farmers had different perceptions of the cropping practices employed. Contour cultivation was preferred and likely to be adopted. Others practices such as straw mulching and intercropping were seen as less appropriate and unlikely to be adopted. Polythene mulch was recognized as effective, but likely to be adopted only if financial returns were favourable. The availability of relevant information had an important impact on the extent of technology testing by farmers and their willingness to adopt the practices in the future.

关键词： cropping practices farmers' perceptions household survey Yunnan China

土壤资源与生态环境数据库的建立及应用——以三峡库区秭归县为例

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土壤学报 2002年第5期39卷 653-663页

作者：周勇张海涛 r.V.Birnin Alan Sibbald 汪善勤任意华中农业大学亚热带土壤资源与环境农业部重点实验室武汉430070 The macaulay Land Use research Institute.Craigiebuckler

运用计算机和GIS技术 ,以三峡库区秭归县为例 ,建立了区域土壤资源与生态环境数据库 (rSEDBS)。该系统采用ArC/INFOGIS管理空间数据 ,VisualFoxPro管理属性数据库 ,二者通过公共标识码 (ID)共享数据 ;并运用计算机程序语言 (C + + )开发... 详细信息

运用计算机和GIS技术 ,以三峡库区秭归县为例 ,建立了区域土壤资源与生态环境数据库 (rSEDBS)。该系统采用ArC/INFOGIS管理空间数据 ,VisualFoxPro管理属性数据库 ,二者通过公共标识码 (ID)共享数据 ;并运用计算机程序语言 (C + + )开发了DEM、层次分析、模糊数学和综合环境指数等应用模型建立模型子库 ;将空间数据库、属性数据库和应用模型库通过内部和外部接口集成一起 ,对秭归县的生态环境质量进行了定量评价。结果表明 :秭归县生态环境质量较好的乡镇分布在西部和南部的山区 ,且具有覆盖度高、人口密度低、降雨量充沛等特点 ;生态环境质量较差的乡镇分布在沿江地区 ,主要存在人口密度大、覆盖率较低、降雨相对不足、水土流失严重等问题。因此 ,为了实现秭归县土壤资源的可持续利用 ,必须根据区域生态特征 ,优化配置人口、资源与环境。

关键词：土壤资源生态环境数据库三峡库区秭归县 GIS 空间数据库属性数据库模型库生态环境质量