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Glycyrrhizic Acid-Loaded Poly-ɛ-Caprolactone Nanoparticles Decrease PRRSV Infection in MARC-145 Cells

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2023年第12期13卷 221-236页

作者： Samantha Jardon Oscar Escalona Carlos Gerardo García david quintanar Carlos Ignacio Soto María Zaida Urbán Susana Elisa Mendoza Multidisciplinary Research Unit L4 (Veterinary Morphology and Cell Biology) UNAM-FESC Campus 4 Cuautitlán Izcalli Mexico Pharmaceutical Technology Research Laboratory UNAM-FESC Campus 1 Cuautitlán Izcalli Mexico Dr. Hideyo Noguchi Regional Research Center UAY Mérida Mexico Laboratory of Virology and Microbiology of Respiratory Diseases of The Pig UNAM-FESC Campus 1 Cuautitlán Izcalli Mexico

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an economically devastating disease with worldwide distribution caused by Betaarterivirus suid (PRRSV). The virion has great genetic and antigenic variability with a marked increase in virulence. Vaccines tested to date have been of little use in controlling the problems caused by PRRSV, so the present study was conceived to evaluate the antiviral effect of polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) made with glycyrrhizic acid (GA). Recent work has proven that this nanoparticle system is stable. These nanoparticles have good GA carrying capacity, a size < 250 nm, a spherical morphology, and a wide safety range. The integrity of cell morphology can be maintained for up to 72 h. The antiviral effect of this nanoparticle system was tested in cultures of MARC-145 cells in pre- and coinfection assays with PRRSV to evaluate changes in cell morphology and effects on cell viability. The use of PNPsGA with the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) decreased viral infection by 38% in 3 amplification cycles. These results suggest that this system has an antiviral effect against PRRSV under the study conditions established.

关键词： Cytotoxicity Glycyrrhizic Acid Cell Morphology Polymeric Nanoparticles PRRS Virus

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Evaluation Preliminary of a Dry Emulsion System as a <i>Pasteurella multocida</i>Oral Carrier for Pigs

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第9期8卷 114-124页

作者： david quintanar-Guerrero Edgar Aguilera Cerón María Elena Trujillo Ortega Sofia González Gallardo Alejandro Vargas Sánchez Abel Ciprián Carrasco Susana Mendoza Elvira Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City México Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City México

Background: This work evaluated the capacity of a dry emulsion as a carrier of viable microorganisms with potential use as prophylaxis of infectious diseases. Methods: The aqueous phase containing P. multocida not viable in PBS was emulsified in mineral oil to obtain a w/o emulsion. The microorganisms remained stable and only in two cases (n = 6) did the bacterial concentration decrease. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a structure of a system with the organized association of particles with cubic symmetry. Using two ex vivo bioadhesion systems, it was demonstrated that the disperse-adsorbed system is capable of adhering to the intestinal mucosa and remains adhered for long periods of time. Results: The no viability of the bacteria in the dry emulsion and the possibility of controlled release were confirmed. In vivo trial was conducted in pigs. It was possible to locate the emulsion and the bacteria attached to the gut of the living animal. An ELISA kit was used to monitor the mean antibody titer of treated pigs over a 2-week period, and a classic primary response curve occurred when the titer was plotted against time. Conclusion: We propose the disperse-adsorbed system as an alternative to commonly used vehicles for immunogens in the oral vaccines.

关键词： Dry Emulsion Oral Carrier Pasteurella multocida Pigs Bioadhesion

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Effect Found in the Combination of Kitasamycin with Other Antibiotics Used against <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i>

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第7期8卷 63-75页

作者： Elsa Patricia Flores-Castellanos Sofía González Gallardo Jose Ivan Sanchez-Betancourt Maria Elena Trujillo Ortega david quintanar Guerrero Abel Ciprian Carrasco Susana E. Mendoza Elvira Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán (FESC) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City México Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City México

Background: Combinations of antibiotics are used to increase the therapeutic options via the simultaneous activities of two compounds. The goals of combination therapy are to resolve the bacterial infection while reducing the treatment cost. The use of kitasamycin is used frequently and in addition to other antibiotics, the desired combinations were not found. Methods: Fields strains: we use serotypes 1, 3, 5 y 7. Microbial culturing: The serotypes 1, 3, 5 y 7 was identified. Antibiotics and Reagents: The antibiotics used were kitasamycin;enrofloxacin and oxolinic acid. The following combinations were tested: a) kitasamycin with enrofloxacin;b) kitasamycin with norfloxacin;and c) kitasamycin with oxolinic acid. Preparation of bacterial suspensions: The cultures were adjusted to a concentration of 5 colony-forming units per ml (CFU/ml) using the same sterile culture medium as the diluent. Determination of the fractional inhibitory concentrations (FICs): To test each combination and their interactions and to calculate the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) of each antibiotic. Calculation of the index of the fractional minimum inhibitory concentration (FMIC): The FMIC index was calculated by applying the following formula: FIC index = FIC of antibiotic A/FIC of antibiotic B. Results: What was found showed that: A combination of kitasamycin and norfloxacin has been shown to have an indifferent effect. A combination of kitasamycin and enrofloxacin had antagonistic effects against all of the Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotypes studied. Finally, a combination of kitasamycin and oxolinic acid had antagonist effects against serotypes 1, 3 and 5 and a synergistic effect against serotype 7. Conclusion: The “in vitro” combination Kitasamycin-Norfloxacin showed an indifferent effect, and combination Kitasamycin and Enrofloxacin demonstrated an antagonistic interaction between these two anti

关键词： Antibiotics Combination A. pleuropneumoniae

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