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英国医学杂志中文版 2008年第1期11卷 16-25页

作者： david ogilvie Charles E Foster Helen Rothnie Nick Cavill Val Hamilton Claire F Fitzsimons Nanette Mutrie 钱招昕(译) Medical ResearchCouncil Socialand Public HealthSciences Unit MRC fellow British Heart Foundation Health Promotion Research Group University of Oxford Oxford senior resarcher British Heart Foundation Health Promotion Research Group University of Oxford Oxford research associate Deparanent of Sport Culture and the Asts University of Strathclyde Glasgow research associate Deparanent of Sport Culture and the Asts University of Strathclyde Glasgow professor of exer5cise and sport psychology for the on behalf of the Scottish Physical Activity Research Collaboration(SPARColl) Deparanent of Sport Culture and the Asts University of Strathclyde SPARColl project coordinator Development and Alumni Office University of Glasgow Glasgow research assistant 不详

目的评估在个体和群体中促进步行的干预措施的作用。设计系统性综述。数据来源通过搜索25个电子数据库、网站、文献目录和已有的系统性综述，以及通过联系专家，识别出已发表的和未发表的任一语言的报道。综述方法系统性搜索和评价关于... 详细信息

目的评估在个体和群体中促进步行的干预措施的作用。设计系统性综述。数据来源通过搜索25个电子数据库、网站、文献目录和已有的系统性综述，以及通过联系专家，识别出已发表的和未发表的任一语言的报道。综述方法系统性搜索和评价关于任何类型的干预对人们步行的影响的前后对照研究，对干预效果的大小、干预效果在不同社会组群中的分布以及干预对总的体育活动、健身、疾病危险因素、健康状况和体格的影响进行评价。结果研究包括19项随机试验和29项非随机研究。根据人们需求进行的干预乃以大部分久坐的人或者那些有运动动机的人为目标，不论干预的履行是在个体水平（简单建议，支持步程计、使用通讯设备）、家庭水平（个体化营销）或群体水平，都能够激励人们更多地步行，尽管许多此类方法的可持续性、可推广性和临床效果还不确定。应用于工作场所、学校、社区或者地区的干预措施的有效证据通常主要来源于单独的研究或者是亚组分析。结论在目标参与者中，最成功的干预要求要能够在短期内至少使步行量平均每周增加达30-60分钟。从提高人群健康的前景来看，目前许多的研究提供了有效果的证据而不是有效性的证据。然而，促进步行的干预能够大大提高那些最不习惯于运动的人的运动水平。

关键词：系统性综述干预措施个体水平疾病危险因素运动水平干预效果群体水平电子数据库

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A Simple Geospatial Nutrient Budget Model for Assessing Forest Harvest Sustainability across Nova Scotia, Canada

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Open Journal of Forestry 2016年第5期6卷 420-444页

作者： Kevin Keys Joshua D. Noseworthy Jae ogilvie david L. Burton Paul A. Arp Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources Truro Nova Scotia Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management UNB Fredericton New Brunswick Department of Environmental Sciences Agricultural Campus Dalhousie University Truro Nova Scotia

A geospatial GIS-linked spreadsheet model (Nutrient Budget Model—Nova Scotia: NBM-NS) was developed for Nova Scotia to assess the long-term sustainability of forest harvest scenarios as constrained by primary nutrient inputs and outputs due to atmospheric deposition, soil weathering, and leaching. Harvest scenarios refer to user-defined stand-specific removal rates of bole wood, bark, branches, and foliage, based on current or projected forest inventories. These scenarios are evaluated within the context of existing data layers for current climate (mean annual precipitation and air temperatures), atmospheric deposition (N, S, Ca, Mg, K), and soil/substrate types, supplemented by species-specific look-up tables containing expected biomass fractions and nutrient concentrations. This article introduces this model to assess relative site quality and limiting nutrients for red spruce and sugar maple across Nova Scotia. This is followed by an output comparison involving 25 spruce plantations whereby NBM-NS determinations derived using “default” soil survey data are compared with those derived using plantation-specific soil data. Model output shows that (i) Ca and N are the main growth-limiting nutrients across Nova Scotia, (ii) currently projected plantation yields are generally not sustainable on sites underlain by slowly weathering soils, (iii) current soil base cation contents are generally lower than what is reported in historic soil survey reports, and (iv) model results are expected to vary within the context of changing climate, acid deposition levels, and data accuracy.

关键词： Forest Nutrition Management Biomass Harvesting Sustainable Forest Management Forest Plantation Management

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Serum-circulating His-tRNA synthetase inhibits organ-targeted immune responses

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第6期18卷 1463-1475页

作者： Ryan AAdams Cátia Fernandes-Cerqueira Antonella Notarnicola Elisabeth Mertsching Zhiwen Xu Wing-Sze Lo Kathleen ogilvie Kyle PChiang Jeanette Ampudia Sanna Rosengren Andrea Cubitt david JKing John DMendlein Xiang-Lei Yang Leslie ANangle Ingrid ELundberg Per-Johan Jakobsson Paul Schimmel aTyr Pharma 3545 John Hopkins CourtSuite 250San DiegoCA92121USA Division of Rheumatology Department of MedicineSolnaKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalSE-17176StockholmSweden IAS HKUST-Scripps R&D Laboratory Institute for Advanced StudyHong Kong University of Science and Technologyand Pangu BiopharmaHong KongChina The Scripps Laboratories for tRNA Synthetase Research 10650 North Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA92037USA The Scripps Laboratories for tRNA Synthetase Research Scripps Florida130 Scripps WayJupiterFL33458USA

His-tRNA synthetase (HARS) is targeted by autoantibodies in chronic and acute inflammatory anti-Jo-1-positive antisynthetase syndrome. The extensive activation and migration of immune cells into lung and muscle are associated with interstitial lung disease, myositis, and morbidity. It is unknown whether the sequestration of HARS is an epiphenomenon or plays a causal role in the disease. Here, we show that HARS circulates in healthy individuals, but it is largely undetectable in the serum of anti-Jo-1-positive antisynthetase syndrome patients. In cultured primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts (HSkMC), HARS is released in increasing amounts during their differentiation into myotubes. We further show that HARS regulates immune cell engagement and inhibits CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation. In mouse and rodent models of acute inflammatory diseases, HARS administration downregulates immune activation. In contrast, neutralization of extracellular HARS by high-titer antibody responses during tissue injury increases susceptibility to immune attack, similar to what is seen in humans with anti-Jo-1-positive disease. Collectively, these data suggest that extracellular HARS is homeostatic in normal subjects, and its sequestration contributes to the morbidity of the anti-Jo-1-positive antisynthetase syndrome.

关键词： Immunology Autoimmunity Synthetase tRNA HARS

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