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Dimensionality reduction of hyperspectral images of vegetation and crops based on self-organized maps

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2021年第2期8卷 310-327页

作者： david Ruiz Hidalgo Bladimir Bacca Cortés Eduardo Caicedo bravo Perception and Intelligent systems Research Group School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringUniversidad del ValleSantiago de Cali 76001Colombia

Hyperspectral images are multidimensional massive sets of information that have shown a great potential for different kind of applications as urban mapping,environmental management,vegetation and crops supervision and mineral ***,due to its high dimensional nature and the high variability of the spectral information,the dimensionality reduction process is one of the main challenges in processing hyperspectral *** aim of dimensionality reduction is to eliminate redundant information and simplify the subsequent processes of classification and the search of *** this context,several dimensionality reduction methods have been proposed,but most of them are not flexible enough to deal with the particular features of the hyperspectral *** this way,the use of intelligent methods as neural networks and specially an unsupervised approach as self-organized maps,may improve the dimensionality reduction stage and the final classification *** paper proposes an unsupervised method for the dimensionality reduction of hyperspectral images based on Kohonen self-organized maps,which,compared with other traditional methods such as principal component analysis(PCA)and wavelet decomposition,provides better classification *** results provided in this paper use an RBF(radial basis function)*** average,the proposed method provides a 64%dimensionality reduction and an 88.5%classification *** results suggest that the dimensionality reduction algorithm based on self-organized maps is an efficient approach compared with other popular *** is due to the ability of self-organized maps to automatically detect(self-organizing)relationships within the set of input patterns,which provides flexibility to deal with the special features of the hyperspectral images.

关键词： Dimensionality reduction Hyperspectral images Principal component analysis Radial basis function Remote sensing self-organized maps Wavelet transform

Impact of an oligosaccharide-based polymer on the metabolic profiles and microbial ecology of weanling pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic ***

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 749-764页

作者： Kwangwook Kim Cynthia Jinno Xunde Li david bravo Eric Cox Peng Ji Yanhong Liu Department of Animal science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Department of Animal science Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Cedars-sinai Medical Center Los AngelesCA 90084USA school of Veterinary Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Pancosma|ADM 1180 RolleSwitzerland Nutreco Exploration NutrecoThe Netherlands Department of Virology Parasitology and ImmunologyGhent University9000 GhentBelgium Department of Nutrition University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Background Our previous study has reported that supplementation of oligosaccharide-based polymer enhances gut health and disease resistance of pigs infected with enterotoxigenic ***(ETEC)F18 in a manner similar to *** objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of oligosaccharide-based polymer or antibiotic on the host metabolic profiles and colon microbiota of weaned pigs experimentally infected with ETEC *** Multivariate analysis highlighted the differences in the metabolic profiles of serum and colon digesta which were predominantly found between pigs supplemented with oligosaccharide-based polymer and *** relative abundance of metabolic markers of immune responses and nutrient metabolisms,such as amino acids and carbohydrates,were significantly differentiated between the oligosaccharide-based polymer and antibiotic groups(q2.0).In addition,pigs in antibiotic had a reduced(Pspiraceae and Lactobacillaceae,whereas had greater(Pstridiaceae and streptococcaceae in the colon digesta on d 11 post-inoculation(PI)compared with d 5 *** The impact of oligosaccharide-based polymer on the metabolic and microbial profiles of pigs is not fully understood,and further exploration is ***,current research suggest that various mechanisms are involved in the enhanced disease resistance and performance in ETEC-challenged pigs by supplementing this polymer.

关键词： Carbadox Colon microbiota Enterotoxigenic E.coli F18 Metabolomics Oligosaccharide-based polymer Weaned pigs

supplementation of oligosaccharide-based polymer enhanced growth and disease resistance of weaned pigs by modulating intestinal integrity and systemic immunity

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2022年第3期13卷 802-815页

作者： Kwangwook Kim Yijie He Cynthia Jinno Lauren Kovanda Xunde Li david bravo Eric Cox Yanhong Liu Department of Animal science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA school of Veterinary Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Pancosma ADM 1180 RolleSwitzerland Department of Virology Parasitology and ImmunologyGhent University9000 GhentBelgium

Background:There is a great demand for antibiotic alternatives to maintain animal health and *** objective of this experiment was to determine the efficacy of dietary supplementation of a blood group A6 type 1antigen oligosaccharides-based polymer(Coligo)on growth performance,diarrhea severity,intestinal health,and systemic immunity of weaned pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC),when compared with ***:Pigs in antibiotic carbadox or Coligo treatment groups had greater(Pst-inoculation(PI)than pigs in the control group,*** of antibiotics or Coligo enhanced(Ps in the control *** of antibiotics reduced(Ps on d 2,5,and 8 *** in antibiotics or Coligo groups had reduced(Ps and serum haptoglobin concentration compared to pigs in the control group on d 2 and 5 *** in Coligo had reduced(Ps in mesenteric lymph nodes on d 5 and 11 PI,whereas pigs in antibiotics or Coligo groups had reduced(Ps in spleen on d 11 PI compared with pigs in the control *** d 5 PI,pigs in the Coligo group had greater(Pssion of ZO1 in jejunal mucosa,but less(Pssion of IL1B,IL6,and TNF in ileal mucosa,in comparison with pigs in the control *** of antibiotics enhanced(Pssion of OCLN in jejunal mucosa but decreased(Pssion in ileal mucosa,compared with the *** d 11 PI,supplementation of antibiotics or Coligo up-regulated(Pssion of CLDN1 in jejunal mucosa,but Coligo reduced(Pssion in ileal mucosa compared to pigs in the control ***:supplementation of Coligo improved growth performance,al

关键词： Enterotoxigenic E.coli Growth rate Intestinal barrier function Oligosaccharide-based polymer systemic immunity Weaned pigs

Dietary plant extracts modulate gene expression profiles in alveolar macrophages of pigs experimentally infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 372-385页

作者： Kwangwook Kim Peng Ji Minho song Tung M.Che david bravo James E.Pettigrew Yanhong Liu Department of Animal science University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA. Department of Nutrition University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA. Department of Animal science and Biotechnology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea Department of Animal Production Nong Lam UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Pancosma sA GenevaSwitzerland. Current address:Land O’Lakes Inc. Arden HillsMNUSA. Department of Animal science University of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA.

Background: Our previous study showed that 3 plant extracts enhanced the immune responses and growth efficiency of weaned pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRsV), which is one of the most economically important disease in swine industry. However, each plant extract differently effected on growth efficiency and immune responses. Therefore, the objective of this study was conducted to characterize the effects and investigate the potential underlying mechanisms of 3 plant extracts on gene expression of alveolar macrophages in weaned pigs experimentally infected with ***: PRRsV infection altered(P ssion of 1,352 genes in pigs fed the control(CON;755 up, 597 down). Compared with the infected CON, feeding capsicum(CAP), garlic botanical(GAR), or turmeric oleoresin(TUR) altered the expression of 46 genes(24 up, 22 down), 134 genes(59 up, 75 down), or 98 genes(55 up, 43 down) in alveolar macrophages of PRRsV-infected pigs, respectively. PRRsV infection up-regulated(P ssion of genes related to cell apoptosis, immune system process, and response to stimulus, but downregulated(P ssion of genes involved in signaling transduction and innate immune *** with the infected CON, feeding TUR or GAR reduced(P ssion of genes associated with antigen processing and presentation, feeding CAP up-regulated(P ssion of genes involved in antigen processing and presentation. supplementation of CAP, GAR, or TUR also enhanced(P ssion of several genes related to amino acid metabolism, steroid hormone synthesis, or RNA degradation, ***: The results suggest that 3 plant extracts differently regulated the expression of genes in alveolar macrophages of PRRsV-infected pigs, especially altering genes involved in immunity.

关键词： Alveolar macrophages Gene expression Plant extracts PRRsV Weaned pigs

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智利多层次养老金的改革进程与最新动向

社会保障评论 2018年第3期2卷 30-37页

作者：大卫.布拉沃石琤智利天主教大学中国人民大学中国社会保障研究中心

20世纪80年代,智利将完全积累型个人账户引入公共养老金制度,开启了养老金私有化改革。如今,民众对于私有化改革结果的不满引发了巨大的社会矛盾和政治危机。本文围绕智利1981年和2008年养老金制度改革,从历史的视角分析了改革的成就和... 详细信息

20世纪80年代,智利将完全积累型个人账户引入公共养老金制度,开启了养老金私有化改革。如今,民众对于私有化改革结果的不满引发了巨大的社会矛盾和政治危机。本文围绕智利1981年和2008年养老金制度改革,从历史的视角分析了改革的成就和问题,并基于2015年总统专家委员会提交的养老金评估报告,分析了当前智利养老金的三种改革方向和最新进展。

关键词：智利养老金改革个人账户私有化

断奶仔猪日粮添加人工甜味剂可提高钠／葡萄糖共转运载体的表达

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中国畜牧杂志 2010年第18期46卷 53-58页

作者： Andrew W Moran Miran A Al-Rammahi david bravo soraya P shirazi-Beechey 张津校(译) 林树森(校) 利物浦大学临床兽医系上皮组织功能和发育研究组英国利物浦潘可士玛有限公司瑞士日内瓦

在当今集约化养殖日益突出的环境下,缩短仔猪断奶日龄可以提高母猪的年产仔猪数量。然而,这种人为干预会导致小猪出现营养吸收紊乱,表现出腹泻、营养不良和脱水等症状。为了预防这些症状,研究人员提出了很多解决方案。人工合成的甜味剂... 详细信息

在当今集约化养殖日益突出的环境下,缩短仔猪断奶日龄可以提高母猪的年产仔猪数量。然而,这种人为干预会导致小猪出现营养吸收紊乱,表现出腹泻、营养不良和脱水等症状。为了预防这些症状,研究人员提出了很多解决方案。人工合成的甜味剂由于能够改善日粮的适口性而被广泛应用于仔猪日粮中。本研究证明了在仔猪日粮中添加含人工合成甜味剂糖精钠和新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮(NHDC)的产品能够提高sGLT1的表达以及肠道对葡萄糖的转运能力,T1R2、T1R3和味导素在仔猪肠道内分泌细胞中共同表达生成,并且一些肠道内分泌激素与日粮的碳水化合物、类胰高血糖素肽(GLP1和GLP2)、葡萄糖依赖促胰岛素肽(GIP)相互作用且和I型GTP结合蛋白耦联受体(T1R)以及味导素等在肠道共表达,仅仅很少数目的L-型和K-型内分泌细胞能够表达这些味觉因子且与I型GTP结合蛋白耦联受体和5-羟色胺共同表达释放。此外,本研究亦证明了人T1R3的抑制剂(Lactisole)不能抑制仔猪肠道sGLT1的表达。总之,通过对甜味剂上调sGLT1机理的深入研究有助于营养学家更深入地了解如何更好地预防仔猪断奶相关的营养吸收不良等问题的发生。

关键词： Na+/葡萄糖共转运载体1 甜味味觉受体肠道人工甜味剂断奶仔猪

The Beneficial Effect of Trichoderma spp. in seed Treatment of Four Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2023年第6期14卷 625-637页

作者： José Luis Arispe-Vázquez Abiel sánchez-Arizpe Daniel Alejandro Cadena-Zamudio Ma. Elizabeth Galindo-Cepeda david Heriberto Noriega-Cantú Oscar Guadalupe Barrón-bravo Leslie Carnero-Avilés Juan Mayo-Hernández susana Elizabeth Ramírez-sánchez Adriana Antonio-Bautista Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Iguala de la Independencia Guerrero México Departamento de Parasitología Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Saltillo México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Altamira México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Delicias México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias Tepatitlán de Morelos Jalisco México Departamento de Fitomejoramiento Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Saltillo México

Maize is the main crop for Mexicans;however, it is affected by species of fungi causing ear rot. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of T. asperellum T11, T. harzianum T1 4 y T. longibrachiatum T1 40 on some agronomic variables of four maize genotypes. The seeds of the genotypes H-515, Zapata 7, and H-507 were treated with a suspension of Trichoderma spp. to 1 × 10sup>8sup> spores mLsup>-1sup>, using a control (untreated seed), and Benomyl as chemical control. The planting was in Morelos, in a completely random block design with a factorial arrangement. The ear rot was natural. Data were obtained at the end of the crop cycle and processed in sAs 9.4sup>sup>®sup>sup>. H-515 genotype had the greatest effect on the treatment of maize seeds with Trichoderma spp. (5.562 kg);T. asperellum T11 was the strain that stood out with a mean yield of 50 ears in an area of 16 msup>2sup> of 4.904 kg, and control of 4.448 kg. Our results are an economic option for farmers to contemplate the use of Trichoderma and obtain its benefits.

关键词： seeds Treatment Trichoderma asperellum Ear Rot Yield

Persistent Abdominal Pain Associated with splenic Lymphangioma in An Adult Patient: A Case Presentation

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 82-88页

作者： david Fernando Ortiz Pérez Janne Jorgeth Fabregas Ramirez Mario Enrique Montoya Jaramillo Juan José Iles bravo John sebastián Osorio Muñoz Manuel Fernando Chavarro Muñoz Daniel de Jesús González Villarreal Manuel Esteban Ortiz Pérez Department of Internal Medicine Cartagena del Mar Clinical Center Cartagena Colombia

splenic lymphangioma is a rare benign lesion, predominantly seen in the pediatric population and exceptionally in adults. It is usually associated with lymphatic system malformations caused by secondary lymphangiectasia due to abnormal communication between lymphatic ducts. It often coexists with complex clinical syndromes, such as Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, congenital epithelial cysts, or, in less frequent conditions, infectious or post-traumatic triggering events. It typically presents in the neck or axillae, with intra-abdominal cases accounting for less than 5% of all cases. We present the clinical case of a 44-year-old male patient who presented with a clinical course of approximately one month, characterized by progressive abdominal pain associated with nausea, multiple episodes of emesis, anorexia, and involuntary weight loss. A diagnostic laparoscopy was performed, revealing a poorly differentiated lesion in the splenic topography, for which a biopsy was performed, leading to the definitive diagnosis. In this scenario, splenic lymphangioma should be considered among the differential diagnoses of persistent abdominal pain, and definitive interventions should be determined based on clinical characteristics.

关键词： Lymphangioma Neoplasms splenic Neoplasms Laparoscopy Adulthood

Calibration methodology for microscopic traffic simulation models of land ports of entry along the Us-Mexico border

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International Journal of Modeling, simulation, and scientific Computing 2020年第3期11卷 40-59页

作者： david salgado Peter T.Martin Abhisek Mudgal Rafael M.Aldrete Texas A&M Transportation Institute 4050 Rio bravo Drive Suite 212El Paso 79912USA New Mexico state University Engineering Complex II Rm.215Las Cruces 88003USA Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)Civil Engineering Department Varanasi 221011 Uttar PradeshIndia

Non-commercial Land Ports of Entry(LPOEs)are unique transportation facilities controlling the ingress and egress of passenger vehicles from Mexico to the United states and vice *** calibration of microscopic traffic simulation models of non-commercial LPOEs requires a deep understanding of operational processes and driving behavior at these *** paper provides a methodology to guide modelers in calibrating microscopic traffic simulation models of non-commercial *** methodology establishes a common framework for modeling operational processes and traffic ***,the methodology includes the value of four state variables that characterizes operations of passenger vehicles at non-commercial *** variables are speed,acceleration,deceleration,and *** authors evaluated this methodology using the Otay Mesa non-commercial LPOE as a case *** showed that this methodology could be potentially used to model non-commercial LPOEs along the Us-Mexico border and other border regions worldwide.

关键词： Land port of entry microsimulation calibration traffic models car-following models state variables