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Predisposing factors’effects on mortality of oak (Quercus) and hickory (Carya) species in mature forests undergoing mesophication in Appalachian Ohio

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第1期8卷 81-94页

作者： Don C.Radcliffe david M.Hix Stephen n.Matthews School of Environment and natural Resources The Ohio State University2021 Coffey RoadColumbus OH 43210USA School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of WashingtonBox 352100Seattle WA 98195-2100USA

Background:Mature oak(Quercus spp.)and hickory(Carya spp.)trees are gradually being replaced by more shadetolerant tree species across the eastern U.S.,likely due to fire suppression and increased *** and hickories are highly valuable to wildlife;therefore,studying their mortality patterns can provide information on the longevity of habitat quality for many animal *** mortality has most often been studied following large oak decline events,but background mortality rates in forests with aging oak and hickory canopies warrant equal attention,especially in the context of widespread oak and hickory regeneration ***:We studied background mortality rates of five oak and one hickory species over a 23–25 year time period(1993–1995 to 2018),using 821/20th hectare permanent plots on the Marietta Unit of the Wayne national Forest in southeastern *** calculated mortality rates based on remeasurement of individual trees for white oak(Quercus alba),chestnut oak(Quercus montana),northern red oak(Quercus rubra),black oak(Quercus velutina),scarlet oak(Quercus coccinea),and pignut hickory(Carya glabra).For each of these species other than scarlet oak,we also modeled the relationships of mortality probability with a priori topographic,soil,stand structural,and individual tree covariates,using a mixed-effects logistic regression ***:The species with the highest mortality rate was scarlet oak(61.3%),followed by northern red oak(41.4%),black oak(26.7%),pignut hickory(23.9%),white oak(23.4%),and chestnut oak(19.1%).In our models,northern red oak mortality was associated with more mesic slope positions,shallower solums,more acidic soils,and older stand *** hickory and chestnut oak mortality rates were associated with higher basal areas on the plot,while white oak mortality showed the opposite ***:Our data suggest that red oak subgenus trees in mature forests of our area will become increasingly uncommon relative t

关键词： Mortality Quercus Carya Mesophication Wildlife habitat

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Two-Factor Cancelable Biometrics Authenticator

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2007年第1期22卷 54-59页

作者：彭颖涵 Andrew T. B. J david n. C. L Faculty of Information Science and Technology Multimedia University dalan Ayev Keroh Lama 75450 Melaka Malaysia

Biometrics-based authentication system offers advantages of providing high reliability and accuracy. However the contemporary authentication system is impuissance to compromise. If a biometrics data is compromised, it cannot be replaced and rendered unusable. In this paper, a cancelable biometrics-based authenticator is proposed to solve this irrevocability issue. The proposed approach is a two-factor authentication system, which requires both of the random data and facial feature in order to access the system. In this system, tokenized pseudo-random data is coupled with momentbased facial feature via inner product algorithm. The output of the product is then discretized to generate a set of private binary code, coined as 2factor-Hashing code, which is acted as verification key. If this biometrics-based verification key is compromised, a new one can be issued by replacing a different set of random number via token replacement. Then, the compromised one is rendered completely useless. This feature offers an extra protection layer against biometrics fabrication since the verification code is replaceable. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system provides zero Equal Error Rate in which there is a clear separation in between the genuine and the imposter distribution populations.

关键词： cancelable biometrics face recognition Geometric moments,pseudo Zernike moment

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Characterization and catalytic behavior of EDTA modified silica nanosprings (nS)-supported cobalt catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch CO-hydrogenation

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燃料化学学报 2018年第8期46卷 957-966页

作者： Abdulbaset M.Alayat Elena Echeverria david n.Mcllroy Armando G.McDonald Environmental Science University of IdahoMoscowID83844-3006United States Renewable Materials Program Department of Forest Rangeland and Fire Sciences University of IdahoMoscow ID 83844-1133 United States Department of Physics Oklahoma S

The effect of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA) modification on the physico-chemical properties and catalytic performance of silica nanosprings(nS) supported cobalt(Co) catalyst was investigated in the conversion of syngas(H^(2+) CO) to hydrocarbons by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis(FTS). The unmodified Co/nS and modified Co/nS-EDTA catalysts were synthesized via an impregnation method. The prepared Co/nS and Co/nS-EDTA catalysts were characterized before the FTS reaction by BET surface area,X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),temperature programmed reduction(TPR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),differential thermal analysis(DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) in order to find correlations between physico-chemical properties of catalysts and catalytic performance. FTS was carried out in a quartz fixedbed microreactor(H_2/CO of 2 ∶1,230 ℃ and atmospheric pressure) and the products trapped and analyzed by GC-TCD and GC-MS to determine CO conversion and reaction selectivity. The experimental results indicated that the modified Co/nS-EDTA catalyst displayed a more-dispersed phase of Co_3O_4 nanoparticles(10.9%) and the Co_3O_4 average crystallite size was about 12.4 nm. The EDTA modified catalyst showed relatively higher CO conversion(70.3%) and selectivity toward C_(6-18)(JP-8,Jet A and diesel) than the Co/nS catalyst(C_(6-14))(JP-4).

关键词：化学分析煤矿燃烧

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Identifying the ground state structures of point defects in solids

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2095-2105页

作者： Irea Mosquera-Lois Seán R.Kavanagh Aron Walsh david O.Scanlon Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemistry University College London20 Gordon StreetLondon WC1H 0AJUK Thomas Young Centre and Department of Materials Imperial College LondonExhibition RoadLondon SW72AZUK

Point defects are a universal feature of *** identification is addressed by combining experimental measurements with theoretical *** standard modelling approach is,however,prone to missing the ground state atomic configurations associated with energy-lowering reconstructions from the idealised crystallographic *** ground states compromise the accuracy of calculated *** address this issue,we report an approach to navigate the defect configurational landscape using targeted bond distortions and *** of our workflow to eight materials(CdTe,GaAs,Sb_(2)S_(3),Sb_(2)Se_(3),CeO_(2),In_(2)O_(3),ZnO,anatase-TiO_(2))reveals symmetry breaking in each host crystal that is not found via conventional local minimisation *** point defect distortions are classified by the associated physico-chemical *** demonstrate the impact of these defect distortions on derived properties,including formation energies,concentrations and charge transition *** work presents a step forward for quantitative modelling of imperfect solids.

关键词： ground distortion solids

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An integrative view of the signaling phenotype： Dynamic links between signals, physiology, behavior and social context

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Current Zoology 2014年第6期60卷 739-754页

作者： Maren n. VITOUSEK david M. ZOnAnA Rebecca J. SAFRAn Department of neurobiology and Behavior Comell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

Signal traits are often linked with the physiological state and behavior of their bearer. Direct examination of the causal links among these variables has provided substantial insight into the information content of signals, and into the costs and benefits of signal expression. Yet recent empirical work suggests that the social context in which signals are developed and displayed can play a major role not only in how signals are received, but also in coordinating and mediating the signaling phenotype itself. Here we review both well-established and emerging evidence for direct feedbacks among an individual＇s physiological state, be- havior, and signal elaboration. We then describe an integrative view of signaling that takes into account the bidirectional rela- tionships among components of phenotype and the social context in which signals are developed and displayed. Integrating dy- namic feedback between context and phenotype within models of the evolution and maintenance of signals may yield insights into how signals evolve, how signaling phenotypes are coordinated and maintained on ecological and evolutionary time scales, and how static signals continue to convey relevant phenotypic information about their bearer through time.

关键词： Behavior Phenotype Physiology Signal trait Social feedback Sexual selection

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Capacity of Old Trees to Respond to Environmental Change

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1355-1364页

作者： nathan G.Phillips Thomas n.Buckley david T.Tissue Centre for Plant and Food Science University of Western Sydney Department of Geography and Environment Boston University Department of Biology Sonoma State University School of Biological Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South Wales Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre

Atmospheric carbon dioxide [CO2] has increased dramatically within the current life spans of long-lived trees and old forests. Consider that a 500-year-old tree in the early twenty-first century has spent 70% of its life growing under preindustrial levels of [CO2], which were 30% lower than current levels. Here we address the question of whether old trees have already responded to the rapid rise in [CO2] occurring over the past 150 years. In spite of limited data, aging trees have been shown to possess a substantial capacity for increased net growth after a period of post-maturity growth decline. Observations of renewed growth and physiological function in old trees have, in some instances, coincided with Industrial Age increases in key environmental resources, including [CO2], suggesting the potential for continued growth in old trees as a function of continued global climate change.

关键词： carbon dioxide hydraulic limitation old growth stomata tree rings.

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Highly Efficient L-Band Fibre -DFB Lasers

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 379-380页

作者： Morten Ibsen david J. Richardson david n. Payne ORC - University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ United Kingdom. Also with Southampton Photonics Ltd. Southampton SO16 4NS United Kingdom.ORC - University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ United Kingdom. Also with Southampton Photonics Ltd. Southampton SO16 4NS United Kingdom.ORC - University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ United Kingdom. Also with Southampton Photonics Ltd. Southampton SO16 4NS United Kingdom.

A more than 12 mW highly efficient fibre-DFB laser operating at 1618.3 nm is fabricated and characterised. Its high-power, low-noise and single-polarisation characteristics make it very suitable WDM-source for L-band ... 详细信息

关键词： DFB Lasers high in for Highly Efficient L-Band Fibre WDM RIn

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The burden of mental health in lymphatic filariasis

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 275-282页

作者： Thanh G.n.Ton Charles Mackenzie david H.Molyneux Precision Health Economics 55512 th AvenueSuite 1650OaklandCA 94607USA Filariasis Programmes Support Unit Department of ParasitologyLiverpool School of Tropical MedicinePembroke PlaceLiverpool L35QAUK LSTM nTDs Department of ParasitologyLiverpool School of Tropical MedicinePembroke PlaceLiverpool L35QAUK

Background:neglected Tropical Diseases(nTDs)afflict around one billion individuals in the poorest parts of the world with many more at *** filariasis is one of the most prevalent of the infections and causes significant morbidity in those who suffer the clinical conditions,particularly lymphedema and *** illness has been recognised as a prevalent disability in those with the disease because of the stigmatising nature of the *** estimates of the burden of depressive illness of any neglected tropical disease have been undertaken to date despite the recognition that such diseases have major consequences for mental health not only for patients but also their ***:We developed a mathematical model to calculate the burden of Disability-Adjusted Life Years(DALY)attributable to depressive illness in lymphatic filariasis and that of their caregivers using standard methods for calculating *** of numbers with clinical disease was based on published estimates in 2012 and the numbers with depressive illness from the available ***:We calculated that the burden of depressive illness in filariasis patients was 5.09 million disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)and 229,537 DALYs attributable to their *** figures are around twice that of 2.78 million DALYs attributed to filariasis by the Global Burden of Disease study of ***:Lymphatic filariasis and other neglected tropical diseases,notably Buruli Ulcer,cutaneous leishmaniasis,leprosy,yaws,onchocerciasis and trachoma cause significant co morbidity associated with mental illness in *** to assess the prevalence of the burden of this co-morbidity should be incorporated into any future assessment of the Global Burden of neglected tropical *** prevalence of depressive illness in caregivers who support those who suffer from these conditions is *** assessments are critical for neglected tropical diseases whi

关键词： Lymphatic filariasis Mental health Global burden of disease DALYS Filariasis morbidity Caregivers

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Exercise is mitochondrial medicine for muscle

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2019年第1期1卷 11-18页

作者： Ashley n.Oliveira david A.Hood Muscle Health Research Centre School of Kinesiology and Health ScienceYork UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada

Mitochondria are vital organelles that provide energy for muscle *** these organelles become dysfunctional,they produce less energy as well as excessive levels of reactive oxygen species which can trigger muscle atrophy,weakness and loss of *** this review,molecular evidence is provided to show that exercise serves as a useful therapeutic countermeasure to overcome mitochondrial dysfunction,even when key regulators of organelle biogenesis are *** findings illustrate the complexity and compensatory nature of exercise-induced molecular signaling to transcription,as well as to post-transcriptional events within the mitochondrial synthesis and degradation(***)*** with the first bout of contractile activity,exercise exerts a medicinal effect to improve mitochondrial health and whole muscle function.

关键词： Mitochondria Muscle Exercise Health Aging Metabolism Training

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Multilayer network analysis:new opportunities and challenges for studying animal social systems

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 45-48页

作者： Matthew J.HASEnJAGER Matthew SILk david n.FISHER Department of Biological Sciences Royal HollowayUniversity of LondonEghamUK Centre for Ecology and Conservation University of ExeterExeterUK School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK

Introduction Many behavioral,ecological,and evolutionary processes are closely intertwined with patterns of social interactions,such as the evolution of cooperation(Croft et al.2006),information and disease transmission(VanderWaal et al.2014;Aplin et al.2015),predator-prey dynamics(Ioannou et al.2012),and dispersal decisions(Blumstein et al.2009).Even in species where individuals are traditionally viewed as leading a relatively solitary existence,interac-tions occur across diverse contexts,including territorial defense,resource competition,and courtship.

关键词： solitary predator network

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