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Black Locust Transpiration Responses to Soil Water Availability as Affected by Meteorological Factors and Soil Texture

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 57-71页

作者： WU Yuan-Zhi HUAnG Ming-Bin david n.warrington Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection Linyi University State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F University

On the Loess Plateau of China, a dry soil layer may form due to excess transpiration, leading to degradation of black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia) stands. In order to better manage projects involving black locust, this study was intended to investigate the response of black locust transpiration rate to soil water availability as affected by meteorological factors using two representative soils(loamy clay and sandy loam) on the Loess Plateau. Four soil water contents were maintained for black locust seedlings grown in pots initially outdoors and then in a climate-controlled chamber, by either drying or irrigating the pots. In both environments, daily transpiration rates were related by a power function to air temperature and by a logistic function to reference evapotranspiration(ET0). Transpiration rates were more susceptible to changes in the meteorological conditions in the sandy loam than in the loamy clay soil. The transpiration rate in the well-watered treatment was greater for black locust grown in the sandy loam than in the loamy clay soil. normalized transpiration rates were unaffected by ET0 until a critical value of soil water content(θc) was attained; the θc value decreased significantly for the loamy clay soil but increased significantly for the sandy loam soil when ET0 increased. These suggested that the effect of the meteorological condition on the transpiration characteristics of black locust was dependent on soil texture.

关键词： dry soil layer evaporative demand loamy clay Loess Plateau reference evapotranspiration sandy loam temperature vapor pressure deficit

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Making bridges between preclinical and clinical insights into age-related cognitive decline

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2321-2322页

作者： david VC Brito Clévio nóbrega Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute(ABC-RI) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Algarve Biomedical Center-(ABC) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences(FMCB) University of AlgarveGambelas CampusFaroPortugal

With people living longer,the societal impact of age-related cognitive decline is becoming more pronounced(Crimmins,2015).Thus,it is increasingly important to comprehend the cognitive shifts linked to aging-whether th... 详细信息

关键词： bridges becoming insight

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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller david Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tnGCs). However, the use of tnGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tnGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tnGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tnGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tnGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tnGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tnGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tnGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tnGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Responses of Different Physiological Indices for Maize(Zea mays) to Soil Water Availability

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Pedosphere 2011年第5期21卷 639-649页

作者： WU Yuan-Zhi HUAnG Ming-Bin D. n. warrington State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources Yangling 712100 (China) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection School of Chemistry and Resources Environment Linyi University Linyi 276005 (China) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (China) northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 (China)

Knowledge of plant responses to soil water availability is essential for the development of effcient irrigation ***,notably different results have been obtained in the past on the responses of various physiological indices for different plants to soil water *** this study,the responses of various plant processes to soil water availability were compared with data from pot and field plot experiments conducted on maize(Zea mays L.).Consistent results were obtained between pot and field plot experiments for the responses of various relative plant indices to changes in the fraction of available soil water(FASW).A threshold value,where the relative plant indices began to decrease with soil drying,and a lower water limit,where the decline of relative plant indices changed to a very slow rate,were *** demand not only influenced the transpiration rate over a daily scale but also determined the difference in transpirational response to soil water availability among the transient,daily and seasonal time *** the seasonal scale,cumulative transpiration decreased linearly with soil drying,but the decrease of transpiration from FASW = 1 in response to water deficits did not affect dry weight until FASW = *** the other hand,the decrease in dry weight was comparable with plant height and leaf ***,the plant responses to soil water availability were notably different among various plant indices of maize and were influenced by the weather conditions.

关键词： dry weight evaporative demand fraction of available soil water plant growth transpiration

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A methodological framework for improving air quality monitoring network *** to environment management

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第4期33卷 138-147页

作者： david Galán-Madruga Department of Atmospheric Pollution National Center for Environment HealthHealth Institute Carlos IIICtra.Majadahonda a Pozuelo km 2228220 MadridSpain

This work aims to provide a methodology framework which allows to improve the performance and efficiency of an air quality monitoring network(AQMn).It requires to be constituted by a minimum and reliable number of measurement ***,the AQMn efficiency should be assessed over time,as a consequence of the possible emergence of new emission sources of air pollutants,which could lead to variations on their spatial distribution within the target ***_(10)particles data monitored by the Community of Madrid's(Spain)AQMn between 2008 and 2017 were used to develop a methodology to optimize the AQMn *** annual spatial distribution of average PM_(10)levels over the studied period monitored by all current stations vs those more representative was provided by a geographic information system(GIS),and the percentage of similarity between both postulates was quantified using simple linear regression(>95%).As one innovative tool of this study,the practical application of the proposed methodology was validated using PM_(10)particles data measured by AQMn during 2007 and 2018,reaching a similitude degree higher than 95%.The influence of temporal variation on the proposed methodological framework was around 20%.The proposed methodology sets criteria for identifying non-redundant stations within AQMn,it is also able to appropriately assess the representativeness of fixed monitoring sites within an AQMn and it complements the guidelines set by European legislation on air pollutants monitoring at fixed stations,which could help to tackle efforts to improve the air quality management.

关键词： Air quality Ambient air monitoring network PM_(10)particles Redundant stations Optimization Environment management

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Emergent strategies for inverse molecular design

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Science China Chemistry 2009年第11期52卷 1769-1776页

作者： BERATAn david n. Department of Chemistry Duke University

Molecular design is essential and ubiquitous in chemistry,physics,biology,and material *** immense space of available candidate molecules requires novel optimization strategies and algorithms for exploring the space and achieving efficient and effective molecular *** paper summarizes the current progress toward developing practical theoretical optimization schemes for molecular *** particular,we emphasize emergent strategies for inverse molecular *** representative design examples,based on recently developed strategies,are described to demonstrate the principles of inverse molecular design.

关键词： molecular design inverse design GDMC IBS LCAP

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Long-term changes in the plant ecology of an African savanna landscape and the implications for ecosystem theory and conservation management

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 213-224页

作者： david Western Victor n.Mose david Maitumo Caroline Mburu African Conservation Centre P.O.Box 15289-00509NairobiKeny

Background:Studies of the African savannas have used national parks to test ecological theories of natural ecosystems,including equilibrium,non-equilibrium,complex adaptive systems,and the role of top-down and bottom-up physical and biotic *** such studies have excluded the impact of pastoralists in shaping grassland ecosystems and,over the last half century,the growing human impact on the world’s *** mounting human impact calls for selecting indicators and integrated monitoring methods able to track ecosystem changes and the role of natural and human *** study draws on five decades of monitoring the Amboseli landscape in southern Kenya to document the declining role of natural agencies in shaping plant ecology with rising human ***:We show that plant diversity and productivity have declined,biomass turnover has increased in response to a downsizing of mean plant size,and that ecological resilience has declined with the rising probability of extreme shortfalls in pasture *** signature of rainfall and physical agencies in driving ecosystem properties has decreased sharply with growing human *** compare the Amboseli findings to the long-term studies of Kruger and Serengeti national parks to show that the human influence,whether by design or default,is increasingly shaping the ecology of savanna *** look at the findings in the larger perspective of human impact on African grasslands and the world rangelands,in general,and discuss the implications for ecosystem theory and conservation policy and ***:The Amboseli study shows the value of using long-term integrated ecological monitoring to track the spatial and temporal changes in the species composition,structure,and function of rangeland ecosystems and the role of natural and human agencies in the process of *** study echoes the widespread changes underway across African savannas and world’s rangelands,concluding that some level

关键词： Savannas Plants Human dominance Macroecology Conservation

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Male infertility： lifestyle factors and holistic, complementary, and alternative therapies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 410-418,I0008,I0009页

作者： david F Yao Jesse n Mills Department of Urology UCLA 1260 15^th St #1200 Santa Monica CA 90404 USA.

While we may be comfortable with an allopathic approach to male infertility, we are also responsible for knowledge about lifestyle modifications and holistic, complementary, and alternative therapies that are used by many of our patients. This paper provides an evidence-based review separating fact from fiction for several of these therapies. There is sufficient literature to support weight reduction by diet and exercise, smoking cessation, and alcohol moderation. Supplements that have demonstrated positive effects on male fertility on small randomized controlled trial （RCT） include aescin, coenzyme Qlo, glutathione, Korean red ginseng, L-carnitine, nigella sativa, omega-3, selenium, a combination of zinc and folate, and the Menevit antioxidant. There is no support for the use of Vitamin C, Vitamin E, or saffron. The data for Chinese herbal medications, acupuncture, mind-body practice, scrotal cooling, and faith-based healing are sparse or inconclusive.

关键词： alcohol antioxidants caffeine faith-based healing male infertility obesity scrotal cooling sperm tobacco traditional Chinese medicine

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Insights from the study of complex systems for the ecology and evolution of animal populations

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Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 1-14页

作者： david n.FISHER Jonathan n.PRUITT Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada

Populations of animals comprise many individuals,interacting in multiple contexts,and displaying heterogeneous *** interactions among individuals can often create population dynamics that are fundamentally deterministic yet display unpredictable *** populations can,therefore,be thought of as complex *** systems display properties such as nonlinearity and uncertainty and show emergent properties that cannot be explained by a simple sum of the interacting *** system where entities compete,cooperate,or interfere with one another may possess such qualities,making animal populations similar on many levels to complex *** fields are already embracing elements of complexity to help understand the dynamics of animal populations,but a wider application of complexity science in ecology and evolution has not *** review here how approaches from complexity science could be applied to the study of the interactions and behavior of individuals within animal populations and highlight how this way of thinking can enhance our understanding of population dynamics in *** focus on 8 key characteristics of complex systems:hierarchy,heterogeneity,selforganization,openness,adaptation,memory,nonlinearity,and *** each topic we discuss how concepts from complexity theory are applicable in animal populations and emphasize the unique insights they *** finish by outlining outstanding questions or predictions to be evaluated using behavioral and ecological *** goal throughout this article is to familiarize animal ecologists with the basics of each of these concepts and highlight the new perspectives that they could bring to variety of subfields.

关键词： chaos complex system complexity population dynamics social network stochasticity

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Fo screen or not to screen： the prostate cancer dilemma

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第1期17卷 44-45页

作者： nelson n Stone E david Crawford Departments of Urology and Radiation Oncology The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Department of Surgery Division of Urology and Radiation Oncology The Anschutz Cancer Center The University of Colorado Health Sciences Center. Aurora. CO. USA.

The European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate （ERSPC） has updated their previous seminal report on prostate cancer mortality comparing screened men to controls. now with 13 years follow-up, the rate ratio of prostate cancer mortality was 0.79 favoring the screened population. The authors concluded that there was a ＂substantial reduction in prostate cancer mortality attributable to testing with prostate-specific antigen （PSA）＂ but they also stated that a＂quantification of harms＂ needed to be addressed. The issue of harms was not addressed by the ERSPC （at least not in this report） and hence this additional statement most likely reflects the controversy currently surrounding the risks associated with over-diagnosis and treatment of indolent diseases inadvertently detected by a screening protocol, In addition, the positive results from this trial conflict with those of the prostate, lung, colorectal and ovarian （PLCO）2 study and reouire further elaboration.

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