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A 3D morphometric perspective for facial gender analysis and classification using geodesic path curvature features

Computational Visual Media 2018年第1期4卷 17-32页

作者： Hawraa Abbas Yulia Hicks david marshall Alexei I.Zhurov StephenRichmond School of Engineering Kerbala UniversityKarbolaaIraq. School of Engineering Cardiff UniversityCardiffUK. School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff UniversityCardiffUK. School of Dentistry Cardiff UniversityCardiffUK.

The relationship between the shape and gender of a face, with particular application to automatic gender classification, has been the subject of significant research in recent years. Determining the gender of a face, especially when dealing with unseen examples, presents a major challenge. This is especially true for certain age groups, such as teenagers, due to their rapid development at this phase of life. This study proposes a new set of facial morphological descriptors,based on 3D geodesic path curvatures, and uses them for gender analysis. Their goal is to discern key facial areas related to gender, specifically suited to the task of gender classification. These new curvature-based features are extracted along the geodesic path between two biological landmarks located in key facial *** performance based on the new features is compared with that achieved using the Euclidean and geodesic distance measures traditionally used in gender analysis and classification. Five different experiments were conducted on a large teenage face database(4745 faces from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) to investigate and justify the use of the proposed curvature features. Our experiments show that the combination of the new features with geodesic distances provides a classification accuracy of 89%. They also show that nose-related traits provide the most discriminative facial feature for gender classification, with the most discriminative features lying along the 3D face profile curve.

关键词： ALSPAC dataset gender classification curvature features geodesic curve

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中国的T恤现象

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华中传播研究 2018年第1期 94-103页

作者： david marshall 黄颜秋 Deakin University

Traveling—at least for me—always produces a tension between the familiar and the strange[1].An airport,for instance,classically fulfills this *** you meander through Dubai,London Heathrow,Hong Kong,Shanghai,Tokyo,Melbourne,or Singapore airports,the shop names cater to the familiar quality of international brands that you can also readily identify in shopping malls and city centers wherever you live.

关键词：人格面具外在品质

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Fundamental behaviours of production traffic in underground mine haulage ramps

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2015年第1期25卷 7-14页

作者： Haviland david marshall Joshua Golder Associates Ltd. The Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining Queen’s University

Ramps(or declines) are often used in underground mines to transport ore, waste, materials, and personnel. This paper studies mine ramp productivity and presents results from a set of computer simulations designed to model the fundamental behaviours of ramp haulage systems. Simulations show that, under fundamental assumptions without random disturbances, the haulage system always converges to a periodic behaviour in the steady state, but that productivities vary between equilibria. Simulations also demonstrate how productivity per vehicle does not necessarily decrease as more vehicles are added and,for example, in the five-vehicle case, how a 3.1% improvement can be achieved over the use of four vehicles. The result reveals the inefficiency of commonly-used lockout-style vehicle coordination strategies,and suggests a possible avenue for improving the productivity of haulage ramps by controlling the system to achieve more productive behaviours.

关键词： Underground miningFleet managementDiscrete-time simulationVehicle dispatching

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Bismuth zinc niobate:BZN-BT,a new lead-free BaTiO_(3)-based ferroelectric relaxor?

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2020年第6期10卷 69-80页

作者： Jessica marshall david Walker Pam Thomas Department of Physics University of WarwickGibbet Hill RoadCoventryCV47ALUK

The novel lead-free ferroelectric relaxor system x(Bi(Zn_(2/3) Nb_(1/3))O_(3))(1−x)BaTiO3(xBZN(1−x)BT)has received interest as a high-capacity relaxor dielectric *** quantities(4.0%showed the onset of dielectric relaxation alongside a drop in polarization coincident with a drop in the tetragonal c_(T)/a_(T) ratio and the onset of the cubic phase at 295 *** piezoelectric,dielectric and polarization values occurred over the range 3.8%5.0%,showing a transition from lossy relaxor dielectric to low-loss relaxor dielectric at x>10.0%.

关键词： Relaxors lead-free ferroelectrics crystallography piezoelectrics dielectrics

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Microscopic colitis: A review of etiology, treatment and refractory disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第29期21卷 8804-8810页

作者： Tina Park david Cave Christopher marshall Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology University of Massachusetts Worcester

Microscopic colitis is a common cause of chronic,nonbloody diarrhea. Microscopic colitis is more common in women than men and usually affects patients in their sixth and seventh decade. This article reviews the etiology and medical management of microscopic colitis. The etiology of microscopic colitis is unknown, but it is associated with autoimmune disorders, such as celiac disease, polyarthritis, and thyroid disorders. Smoking has been identified as a risk factor of mi-croscopic colitis. Exposure to medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, is suspected to play a role in microscopic colitis, although their direct causal relationship has not been proven. Multiple medications, including corticosteroids, anti-diarrheals, cholestyramine, bismuth, 5-aminosalicylates, and immunomodulators, have been used to treat microscopic colitis with variable response rates. Budesonide is effective in inducing and maintaining clinical remission but relapse rate is as high as 82% when budesonide is discontinued. There is limited data on management of steroid-dependent microscopic colitis or refractory microscopic colitis. Immunomodulators seem to have low response rate 0%-56% for patients with refractory microscopic colitis. Response rate 66%-100% was observed for use of anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF) therapy for refractory microscopic colitis. Anti-TNF and diverting ileostomy may be an option in severe or refractory microscopic colitis.

关键词： Chronic diarrhea Etiology of microscopiccolitis Collagenous colitis Refractory microscopiccolitis Microscopic colitis Lymphocytic colitis Steroiddependentmicroscopic colitis

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Critical Factors Dictating Reversibility of the Zinc Metal Anode

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2020年第4期3卷 516-521页

作者： Lin Ma marshall A.Schroeder Travis P.Pollard Oleg Borodin Michael S.Ding Ruimin Sun Longsheng Cao Janet Ho david R.Baker Chunsheng Wang Kang Xu Energy&Biotechnology Division Sensors and Electron Devices DirectorateUS Army Research LaboratoryAdelphi MD USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of MarylandChemCollege Park 20742MD USA

With high energy density and improved safety,rechargeable battery chemistries with a zinc(Zn)metal anode offer promising and sustainable alternatives to those based on lithium metal or lithium-ion intercalation/alloying anode materials;however,the poor electrochemical reversibility of Zn plating/stripping,induced by parasitic reactions with both aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes,presently limits the practical appeal of these *** recent efforts in rechargeable Zn metal batteries(RZMBs)have achieved certain advancements in Zn metal reversibility,as quantified by the Coulombic efficiency(CE),a standard protocol for CE has not been established,and results across chemistries and systems are often *** importantly,there is still an insufficient understanding regarding the critical factors dictating Zn *** this work,a rigorous,established protocol for determining CE of lithium metal anodes is transplanted to the Zn chemistry and is used for systematically examining how a series of factors including current collector chemistry,current density,temperature,and the upper voltage limit during stripping affect the measured reversibility of different Zn *** support from density functional theory calculations,this standardized Zn CE protocol is then leveraged to identify an important correlation between electrolyte solvation strength toward Zn2+and the measured Zn CE in the corresponding electrolyte,providing new guidance for future development and evaluation of Zn electrolytes.

关键词： Coulombic efficiency rigorous protocol Zn ion solvation Zn metal anode

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Metabolomics studies identify novel diagnostic and prognostic indicators in patients with alcoholic hepatitis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第10期8卷 499-508页

作者： Mona Ascha Zeneng Wang Mustafa S Ascha Raed Dweik Nizar N Zein david Grove J Mark Brown Stephanie marshall Rocio Lopez Ibrahim A Hanouneh Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cleveland Clinic Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Department of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine/Respiratory Institute Cleveland Clinic Department of Quantitative Health Science Cleveland Clinic Minnesota Gastroenterology Min- neapolis

AIM: To identify plasma analytes using metabolomics that correlate with the diagnosis and severity of liver disease in patients with alcoholic hepatitis(AH).METHODS: We prospectively recruited patients with cirrhosis from AH(n = 23) and those with cirrhosis with acute decompensation(AD) from etiologies other than alcohol(n = 25). We used mass spectrometry to identify 29 metabolic compounds in plasma samples from fasted subjects. A receiver operating characteristics analysis was performed to assess the utility of biomarkers in distinguishing acute AH from alcoholic cirrhosis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to build a predictive model for AH based on clinical characteristics. A survival analysis was used to construct Kaplan Meier curves evaluating transplant-free ***: A comparison of model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)-adjusted metabolomics levels between cirrhosis patients who had AD or AH showed that patients with AH had significantly higher levels of betaine, and lower creatinine, phenylalanine, homocitrulline, citrulline, tyrosine, octenoyl-carnitine, and symmetric dimethylarginine. When considering combined levels, betaine and citrulline were highly accurate predictors for differentiation between AH and AD(area under receiver operating characteristics curve = 0.84). The plasma levels of carnitine [0.54(0.18, 0.91); P = 0.005], homocitrulline [0.66(0.34, 0.99); P < 0.001] and pentanoyl-carnitine [0.53(0.16, 0.90); P = 0.007] correlated with MELD scores in patients diagnosed with AH. Increased levels of many biomarkers(carnitine P = 0.005, butyrobetaine P = 0.32, homocitrulline P = 0.002, leucine P = 0.027, valine P = 0.024, phenylalanine P = 0.037, tyrosine P = 0.012, acetyl-carnitine P = 0.006, propionyl-carnitine P = 0.03, butyryl-carnitine P = 0.03, trimethyl-lisine P = 0.034, pentanoyl-carnitine P = 0.03, hexanoyl-carnitine P = 0.026) were associated with increased mortality in patients with AH. CONCLUSION: Metabolomics plasma anal

关键词： Metabolomics Biomarkers Liver disease Model for end-stage liver disease Cirrhosis Alcoholic hepatitis Liver biopsy

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Isolation, screening and identifi cation of Bacillus spp. as direct-fed microbial candidates for aflatoxin B_1 biodegradation

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第9期5卷 680-683页

作者： Rosario Galarza-Seeber Juan david Latorre Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco Amanda Drake Wolfenden Lisa Renee Bielke Anita Menconi Billy marshall Hargis Guillermo Tellez Department of Poultry Science University of Arkansas College of Veterinary Medicine National Autonomous University of Mexico

Objective: To evaluate the ability of Bacillus spp. as direct-fed microbials(DFM) to biodegrade al atoxin B1(AFB1) by using an in vitro digestive model simulating in vivo ***: Sixty-nine Bacillus isolates were obtained from intestines, and soil samples were screened by using a selective media method against 0.25 and 1.00 μg/m L of AFB1 in modii ed Czapek-Dox medium. Plates were incubated at 37 °C and observed every two days for two weeks. Physiological properties of the three Bacillus spp. candidates were characterized biochemically and by 16 S r RNA sequence analyzes for identii cation. Tolerance to acidic p H, osmotic concentrations of Na Cl, bile salts were tested, and antimicrobial sensitivity proi les were also determined. Bacillus candidates were individually sporulated by using a solid fermentation method and combined. Spores were incorporated into 1 of 3 experimental feed groups: 1) Negative control group, with unmedicated starter broiler feed without AFB1; 2) Positive control group, with negative control feed contaminated with 0.01% AFB1; 3) DFM treated group, with positive control feed supplemented with 109 spores/g. After digestion time(3:15 h), supernatants and digesta were collected for high-performance liquid chromatography l uorescence detection analysis by ***: Three out of those sixty-nine DFM candidates showed ability to biodegrade AFB1 in vitro based on growth as well as reduction of l uorescence and area of clearance around each colony in modii ed Czapek-Dox medium which was clearly visible under day light after 48 h of evaluation. Analysis of 16S-DNA identii ed the strains as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis. The three Bacillus strains were tolerant to acidic conditions(p H 2.0), tolerant to a high osmotic pressure(Na Cl at 6.5%), and were able to tolerate 0.037% bile salts after 24 h of incubation. No signii cant dif erences(P > 0.05) were observed in the concentrations of AFB1

关键词： Al atoxin B1 Bacillus Direct-fed microbials Biodegradation Broiler feed

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Luminometric Studies of Yeast Response to Complex Environmental Calcium Variations Demonstrate Sensing of External Calcium Ion Changes

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Advances in Microbiology 2022年第9期12卷 555-567页

作者： Augustus C. Parker david A. Mintz Francisco J. Solis Pamela A. marshall School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Arizona State University Glendale USA

The response of yeast to sharp environmental increases in calcium concentration has been extensively studied. However, systematic studies of the response under more general changes are still lacking. Only limited exploration of cellular responses has been conducted where calcium concentration is decreased. This article describes a set of luminometric experiments that monitor the cytosolic calcium concentration under changing external concentration conditions. As a decrease in external calcium concentrations requires the use of large sample volumes, the experiments require the use of equipment adapted for this purpose. We describe the modification of commercial luminometric equipment to make the exploration possible. We explore the yeast cellular behavior when an increase in external calcium concentration is followed by a decrease in external calcium concentration. We compare these results with those from the case of a double pulse of concentration increase. Results from the experiment show that the first, concentration increasing pulse produces the well-known sharp increase in cytosolic calcium followed by calcium sequestration to return to a cytosolic concentration near its initial condition. Surprisingly, the calcium decrease step shows similar results with a cytosolic increase followed by a return to lower levels. The results suggest the presence of a calcium sensing mechanism regulating calcium influx from external sources. This mechanism would produce channel opening as a response to any changes in external concentration, be it an enhancement or a depletion.

关键词： Saccharomyces cerevisiae Calcium Homeostasis Extracellular Ion Changes

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LKB1 depletion-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition induces fibroblast activation in lung fibrosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 417-426页

作者： Zijian Xu Elizabeth R.Davies Liudi Yao Yilu Zhou Juanjuan Li Aiman Alzetani Ben G.marshall david Hancock Tim Wallis Julian Downward Rob M.Ewing Donna E.Davies Mark G.Jones Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK clinical and Experimental Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK University Hospital Southampton Southampton SO166YDUK Oncogene Biology The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK

The factors that determine fibrosis progression or normal tissue repair are largely *** previously demonstrated that autophagy inhibition-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in human alveolar epithelial type Il(ATIl)cells augments local myofibroblast differentiation in pulmonary fibrosis by paracrine ***,we report that liver kinase B1(LKB1)inactivation in ATIl cells inhibits autophagy and induces EMT as a *** IPF lungs,this is caused by the down-regulation of CAB39L,a key subunit within the LKB1 complex.3D co-cultures of ATIl cells and MRC5 lung fibroblasts coupled with RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)confirmed that paracrine signaling between LKB1-depleted ATIl cells and fibroblasts augmented myofibroblast ***,these data suggest that reduced autophagy caused by LKB1 inhibition can induce EMT in ATIl cells and contribute to fibrosis via aberrant epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk.

关键词： CAB39L Crosstalk EMT LKB1 Pulmonary fibrosis

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