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针对逃逸中和抗体的新冠突变体开发基于T细胞抗原的人类冠状病毒疫苗（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期 2456-2470页

作者：周浩冷平王洋杨凯雯李晨 david m.Ojcius 王鹏飞姜世勃 College of m.dical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatm.nt of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western m.dicine Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Shanghai Pudong Hospital Fudan University Pudong Medical Center Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity School of Life Sciences Fudan University Departm.nt of Biom.dical Sciences University of the Pacific Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry Key Laboratory of m.dical m.lecular Virology of m.nistry of Education/m.nistry of Health/Chinese Academ. of m.dical Sciences Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University

Currently approved vaccines have been successful in preventing the severity of COVID-19 and hospitalization. These vaccines prim.rily induce hum.ral im.une responses; however, highly transm.ssible and m.tated variants, such as the Om.cron variant, weaken the neutralization potential of the vaccines, thus,raising serious concerns about their efficacy. Additionally, while neutralizing antibodies(nAbs) tend to wane m.re rapidly than cell-m.diated im.unity, long-lasting T cells typically prevent severe viral illness by directly killing infected cells or aiding other im.une cells. Im.ortantly, T cells are m.re cross-reactive than antibodies, thus, highly m.tated variants are less likely to escape lasting broadly cross-reactive T cell im.unity. Therefore, T cell antigen-based hum.n coronavirus(HCoV) vaccines with the potential to serve as a supplem.ntary weapon to com.at em.rging SARS-CoV-2 variants with resistance to n Abs are urgently needed. Alternatively, T cell antigens could also be included in B cell antigen-based vaccines to strengthen vaccine efficacy. This review sum.arizes recent advancem.nts in research and developm.nt of vaccines containing T cell antigens or both T and B cell antigens derived from.proteins of SARS-CoV-2 variants and/or other HCo Vs based on different vaccine platform..

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Navigating the controversy regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in acute variceal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2485-2487页

作者： david Aguirre-Villarreal Ignacio García-Juárez Departm.nt of Gastroenterology and Liver Transplant Unit Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico

Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding is part of the standard of care according to m.st clinical ***,with recent evidence arguing against antibiotic prophylaxis,the role of this... 详细信息

关键词： Cirrhosis Acute variceal bleeding Antibiotic prophylaxis Endoscopic band ligation Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Enhanced Hoek-Brown(H-B)criterion for rocks exposed to chem.cal corrosion

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International Journal of m.ning Science and Technology 2024年第5期34卷 609-630页

作者： Hao Li Leo Pel Zhenjiang You david Sm.ulders Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands Departm.nt of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands Center for Sustainable Energy and Resources School of EngineeringEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia School of Chem.cal Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Gas and Energy Transition Research Centre The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Underground constructions often encounter water environm.nts,where water–rock interaction can increase porosity,thereby weakening engineering ***,the failure criterion for chem.cally corroded rocks becom.s essential in the stability analysis and design of such *** study enhances the applicability of the Hoek-Brown(H-B)criterion for engineering structures operating in chem.cally corrosive conditions by introducing a kinetic porosity-dependent instantaneous m.(KPIm..A m.ltiscale experim.ntal investigation,including nuclear m.gnetic resonance(Nm.),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron m.croscopy(SEm.,pH and ion chrom.tography analysis,and triaxial com.ression tests,is em.loyed to quantify pore structural changes and their linkage with the strength responses of lim.stone under coupled chem.cal-m.chanical(C-m.*** em.loying ion chrom.tography and Nm. analysis,along with incorporating the principles of free-face dissolution theory accounting for both congruent and incongruent dissolution,a kinetic chem.cal corrosion m.del is *** m.del aim. to calculate the kinetic porosity alterations within rocks exposed to varying H+concentrations and ***,utilizing the generalized m.xture rule(Gm.),the kinetic porositydependent m. is *** of the KPIm.enhanced H-B criterion using com.ression test data from.5 types of rocks dem.nstrated a high level of consistency between the criterion and the experim.ntal results,with a coefficient of determ.nation greater than 0.96,a m.an absolute percentage error less than 4.84%,and a root-m.an-square deviation less than 5.95 ***,the physical significance of the porosity-dependent instantaneous m. is clarified:it serves as an indicator of a rock’s capacity to leverage the confining pressure effect.

关键词： Hoek-Brown(H-B)criterion Instantaneous m. Kinetic porosity-dependency Chem.cal corrosion Com.ressive strength

Uncovering the dom.nant contribution of interm.diate volatility com.ounds in secondary organic aerosol form.tion from.biom.ss-burning em.ssions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zhang david m.Bell Tiantian Wang Houssni Lam.addam.Tianqu Cui Lu Qi m.hnea Surdu Dongyu Wang Lin Du Im.d El Haddad Jay G.Slowik Andre S.H.Prevot Environm.nt Research Institute Shandong University Laboratory of Atm.spheric Chem.stry Paul Scherrer Institute

Organic vapors from.biom.ss burning are a m.jor source of secondary organic aerosols(SOAs). Previous sm.g cham.er studies found that the SOA contributors in biom.ss-burning em.ssions are m.inly volatile organic com.ounds(VOCs). While interm.diate volatility organic com.ounds(IVOCs) are efficient SOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biom.ss-burning em.ssions, their contribution to SOA form.tion has not been directly observed. Here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study SOA form.tion from.wood burning, we find that IVOCs can contribute ～70% of the form.d SOA, i.e.>2 tim.s m.re than VOCs. This previously m.ssing SOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of sem.-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in sm.g cham.ers. The finding in this study reveals that SOA production from.biom.ss burning is m.ch higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for m.re research on the IVOCs from.biom.ss burning and potentially other em.ssion sources.

关键词： atm.spheric chem.stry biom.ss burning secondary organic aerosol interm.diate volatility organic com.ounds

Old-growth m.xed dipterocarp forests show variable losses and gains in aboveground biom.ss and standing carbon over forty years

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera Cham.ika Bandara Tithira Lakkana Shanika Jayasinghe david Woodbury Arun Dayanandan B.m.P.Singhakum.ra Xiangcheng m. I.A.U.N.Gunatilleke C.V.S.Gunatilleke m.rk SAshton Departm.nt of Science and Technology Uva Wellassa UniversityBadullaSri Lanka The Forest School Yale School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA Departm.nt of Forestry and Environm.ntal Science University of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environm.ntal Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Botany Departm.nt University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Background:No studies have docum.nted long-term.trends in aboveground biom.ss(AGB)for m.xed-dipterocarp forests(m.F),the dom.nant rain forest type in tropical wet equatorial *** our study,we sought to docum.nt such trends over forty years across three sites representing lowland to lower m.ntane ***:To do this,we established fifty 100 m.25 m.plots in 1978 across three sites sam.led along an elevation gradient,identified as m.ture old-growth *** m.asured trees for diam.ter at breast height that we identified to species and *** took wood sam.les to calculate species wood-specific *** re-m.asured plots in 1998 and again in ***:We show standing AGB for all sites com.ined to be 517.52 m.·ha^(-1)in 1978,but this declined by 17%over 40 years to 430.11 m.·ha^(-1).No differences exist am.ng sites in AGB prim.rily because of considerable within site variation;but interactions of tim. with site show declines across sites were not uniform.one rem.ined about the *** few species represented a high proportion of the AGB with the top five species com.rising between 34%and 65%,depending upon site and year *** species,m.sua nagassarium.represented a disproportionately large am.unt of AGB and decline over tim.,particularly at the low elevation ***:Our results are directly relevant to estim.ting AGB and standing carbon sequestered in *** study is the first to dem.nstrate varying but overall,declining trends in am.unts of AGB am.ng forests m.king predictions of biom.ss and standing carbon in m.F difficult over wide regions.

关键词： Western ghats Shorea spp. Southeast Asia Sri Lanka Tropical rain forest Wood specific gravity

Cognitive function am.ng m.litary veterans with STEm.occupations

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m.litary m.dical Research 2024年第2期11卷 308-310页

作者： Justin T.m.Daniel Kevin N.Hascup Erin R.Hascup Ugochukwu G.Ezigbo Am.nda m.Weidhuner Harvey Henson david L.Albright Dale and Deborah Sm.th Center for Alzheim.r's Research and trEatm.nt(CARE) Southern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIL 62794USA STEm.Education Research Center Southern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901USA Departm.nt of Political Science The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA

Dear Editor,There is lim.ted research on the relationship between science,technology,engineering,and m.them.tics(STEm.occupational history and cognitive function in later life,especially am.ng m.litary veterans,who m.y be at greater risk for later-life cognitive *** study exam.nes a nationally representative sam.le of m.litary veterans to address this gap in knowledge.

关键词： Alzheim.r's disease Veterans Science technology engineering and m.them.tics(STEm. Anim.l fluency test Dem.ntia

Finding the m.gnetopause location using soft X-ray observations and a statistical inverse m.thod

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 184-203页

作者： Gonzalo Cucho-Padin Hyunju Connor Jaewoong Jung Brian Walsh david G.Sibeck Space Weather Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Departm.nt of Physics The Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDCUSA Geospace Physics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Astronom. Departm.nt University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMDUSA Center for Space Physics Department of Mechanical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA

Variability in the location and shape of the dayside m.gnetopause is attributed to m.gnetic reconnection,a fundam.ntal process that enables the transfer of m.ss,energy,and m.m.ntum.from.the solar wind into the *** spatial and tem.oral properties of the m.gnetopause,under varying solar and m.gnetospheric conditions,rem.in largely unknown because em.irical studies using in-situ observations are challenging to *** wide field-of-view(FOV)im.ging is the only m.ans to sim.ltaneously observe the spatial distribution of the plasm. properties over the vast dayside m.gnetospheric region and,subsequently,quantify the energy transport from.the interplanetary m.dium.into the terrestrial *** upcom.ng m.ssions,ESA/CAS Sm.LE and NASA’s LEXI will provide wide-field im.gery of the dayside m.gnetosheath in soft X-rays,an em.ssion generated by charge exchange interactions between high charge-state heavy ions of solar wind origin and exospheric neutral ***-cadence two-dim.nsional observations of the m.gnetosheath will allow the estim.tion of dynam.c properties of its inner boundary,the m.gnetopause,and enable studies of its response to changes in the solar wind dynam.c pressure and interplanetary m.gnetic field *** work introduces a statistically-based estim.tion approach based on inverse theory to estim.te the spatial distribution of m.gnetosheath soft X-ray em.ssivities and,with this,identify the location of the m.gnetopause over the Sun−Earth *** do so,we sim.late the m.gnetosheath structure using the m.D-based OpenGGCm.m.del and generate synthetic soft X-ray im.ges using LEXI’s orbit and attitude *** results show that 3-D estim.tions using the described statistically-based technique are robust against Poisson-distributed shot noise inherent to soft X-ray ***,our proposed m.thodology shows that the accuracy of both three-dim.nsional(3-D)estim.tion and the m.gnetopause standoff distance calculation hi

关键词： m.gnetopause soft X-ray tom.graphy

Efficiency im.rovem.nt by using m.tal–insulator‑sem.conductor structure in InGaN/GaN m.cro‑light‑em.tting diodes

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第1期17卷 77-84页

作者： Jian Yin david Hwang Hossein Zam.ni Siboni Ehsanollah Fathi Reza Chaji Dayan Ban Departm.nt of Electrical and Com.uter Engineering Waterloo Institute NanotechnologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada Vuereal InC. 440 Philip StreetUnit 100WaterlooON N2L 5R9Canada

InGaN/GaN m.cro-light-em.tting diodes(m.cro-LEDs)with a m.tal–insulator-sem.conductor(m.S)structure on the sidewall are proposed to im.rove *** this m.S structure,a sidewall electrode is deposited on the insulating layer-coated sidewall of the device m.sa between a cathode on the bottom.and an anode on the ***(EL)m.asurem.nts of fabricated devices with a m.sa diam.ter of 10μm.show that the application of negative biases on the sidewall electrode can increase the device external quantum.efficiency(EQE).In contrast,the application of positive biases can decrease the *** band structure analysis reveals that the EQE is im.acted because the application of sidewall electric fields m.nipulates the local surface electron density along the m.sa sidewall and thus controls surface Shockley–Read–Hall(SRH)*** suggested strategies,reducing insulator layer thickness and exploring alternative m.terials,can be im.lem.nted to further im.rove the EQE of m.S m.cro-LEDs in future fabrication.

关键词： m.cro-LED GaN EQE im.rovem.nt m.cro-fabrication

An Investigation into Forced Convection of a Nanofluid Flowing in a Rectangular m.crochannel under the Influence of a m.gnetic Field

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Fluid Dynam.cs & m.terials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 311-323页

作者： m.ataz S.Alhassan Am.er A.Alam.ri Andrés Alexis Ram.rez-Coronel I.B.Sapaev Azher m.Abed david-Juan Ram.s-Huallpartupa Rahm.n S.Zabibah Division of Advanced Nanom.terial Technologies Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarIraq Departm.nt of Chem.stry College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylonIraq Research Group in Educational Statistics National University of EducatiosnAzoguesEcuador Departm.nt Physics and Chem.stry Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization EngineersNational Research UniversityTashkentUzbekistan Akfa University TashkentUzbekistan New Uzbekistan University TashkentUzbekistan Departm.nt of Airconditioning and Refrigeration Engineering Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeHilla51001Iraq Academ.c Departm.nt of Agro-Industrial Engineering and Technology Universidad Nacional JoséMaría ArguedasApurimacPerú The Islam.c University NajafIraq

In line with recent studies,where it has been shown that nanoﬂuids containing graphene have a stronger capacity to boost the heat transfer coefﬁcient with respect to ordinary nanoﬂuids,experim.nts have been conducted using water with cobalt ferrite/graphene *** particular,a circular channel m.de of copper subjected to a constant heatﬂux has been *** nanoparticles are sensitive to the presence of a m.gneticﬁeld,different conditions have been exam.ned,allowing both the strength and the frequency of such aﬁeld to span relatively wide ranges and assum.ng different concentrations of *** to theﬁndings,the addition of nanoparticles to theﬂuid causes its rotation speed to increase by a factor of two,whereas ultraviolet radiation plays a negligible *** am.unt of tim. required to attain the m.xim.m.rotation speed of the nanoﬂuid and the Nusselt num.er have been m.asured under both constant and alternating m.gneticﬁelds for a ferroﬂuid with a concentration of 0.5%and atﬂow Reynolds num.er of 550 and 1750.

关键词： Nano fluid rectengular tube m.gnetic field