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Dietary intake in patients with chronic pancreatitis:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第34期27卷 5775-5792页

作者： Qurat Ul Ain Yasir Bashir Linda Kelleher david m bourne Suzanne m Egan Jean mcmahon Laura Keaskin Oonagh m Griffin Kevin C Conlon Sinead N Duggan Professorial Surgical Unit Department of SurgeryTrinity College DublinDublin 24 D24 NR0AIreland Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Tallaght University HospitalDublin 24 D24 NR0AIreland Department of Newcastle Nutrition Freeman HospitalNewcastle Upon Tyne NE77DNUnited Kingdom Library and Information Services Tallaght Tallaght University HospitalDublin 24 D24 NR0AIreland Department of Nutrition and Dietetics St.Vincent’s University HospitalDublin 4 D04 T6F4Ireland

BACKGROUND A progressive reduction in the secretion of pancreatic enzymes in patients with chronic pancreatitis(CP)results in malabsorption and ultimate ***,the pathogenesis of malnutrition is multifactorial and other factors such as chronic inflammation,alcohol excess and poor dietary intake all *** may restrict their dietary intake due to poor appetite or to avoid gastrointestinal symptoms and abdominal *** up to half of patients with chronic pancreatitis are reportedly malnourished,the dietary intake of patients with CP is relatively understudied and has not been systematically reviewed to *** To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the dietary intakes of patients with CP compared to healthy controls,and to compare the dietary intake of patients with alcohol-related CP and non-alcohol-related *** A systematic literature search was performed using EmBASE,mEDLINE,and Cochrane review on studies published between 1946 and August 30th,*** subjects with a diagnosis of CP who had undergone dietary assessment were included in the systematic review(qualitative analysis).Studies on patients with other pancreatic diseases or who had undergone pancreatic surgery were not *** comparing the dietary intake of patients with CP to that of healthy controls were included in the meta-analysis(quantitative analysis).metaanalysis was performed using Review manager *** Ottawa Scale(NOS)was used to assess quality of *** Of 6715 studies retrieved in the search,23 were eligible for qualitative analysis while 12 were eligible for quantitative *** the meta-analysis,the total energy(calorie)intake of patients with CP was similar to that of healthy controls[mean difference(mD):171.3;95%confidence interval(CI):-226.01,568.5;P=0.4],however patients with CP consumed significantly fewer non-alcohol calories than controls[mD:-694.1;95%CI:-1256.1,(-132.1);P=0.02].CP patients consumed m

关键词： Systematic review meta-analysis Chronic pancreatitis Dietary intake Undernutrition Alcohol-related chronic pancreatitis

Evaluation of hand infections in the emergency department using point-of-care ultrasound

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World Journal of Emergency medicine 2024年第4期15卷 283-288页

作者： david Ahmad Haidar david mintz Brandon m Wubben Omar Rizvi Srikar Adhikari Department of Emergency medicine Michigan MedicineAnn Arbor 48109-1382USA University of Arizona College of medicine Tucson 85724USA Department of Emergency medicine University of IowaIowa City 52242-1009USA Department of Surgery University of Arizona College of MedicineTucson 85724USA Department of Emergency medicine University of Arizona College of MedicineTucson 85724USA

BACKGROUND:We aimed to evaluate the utility of point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)in the assessment of hand infections that present to the emergency department(ED)and its impact on medical decision making and patient ***:We conducted a retrospective review of patients who presented to two urban academic EDs with clinical presentations concerning for skin and soft tissue infections(SSTI)of the hand between December 2015 and December *** trained POCUS fellowship physicians reviewed an ED POCUS database for POCUS examinations of the *** then reviewed patients’electronic health records(EHR)for demographic characteristics,history,physical examination findings,ED course,additional imaging studies,consultations,impact of POCUS on patient care and final ***:We included a total of 50 cases(28 male,22 female)in the final *** most common presenting symptoms and exam findings were pain(100%),swelling(90%),and erythema(74%).The most common sonographic findings were edema(76%),soft tissue swelling(78%),and fluid surrounding the tendon(57%).POCUS was used in medical decision making 68%of the time(n=34),with the use of POCUS leading to changes in management 38%of the time(n=19).POCUS use led to early antibiotic use(11/19),early consultation(10/19),and led to the performance of a required procedure(8/19).The POCUS diagnosis was consistent with the discharge diagnosis of flexor tenosynovitis 8/12 times,abscess 12/16 times,and cellulitis 14/20 ***:POCUS is beneficial for evaluating of hand infections that present to the ED and can be used as an important part of medical decision making to expedite patient care.

关键词： Ultrasound Point-of-care ultrasound Cellulitis Abscess Flexor tenosynovitis

mitochondrial recruitment in myelin:an anchor for myelin dynamics and plasticity?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1401-1402页

作者： Jean-david m.Gothié Timothy E.Kennedy Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada

Optimal propagation of neuronal electrical impulses depends on the insulation of axons by myelin,produced in the central nervous system by *** is an extension of the oligodendrocyte plasma membrane,which wraps around an axon to form a compact multi-layered *** is composed of a substantially higher proportion of lipids compared to other biological membranes and enriched in a small number of specialized proteins.

关键词： plasticity insulation dynamics

Synthetic polymers:A review of applications in drilling fluids

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 475-518页

作者： Shadfar Davoodi mohammed Al-Shargabi david A.Wood Valeriy S.Rukavishnikov Konstantin m.minaev School of Earth Sciences&Engineering Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityLenin AvenueTomskRussia DWA Energy Limited LincolnUnited Kingdom

With the growth of deep drilling and the complexity of the well profile,the requirements for a more complete and efficient exploitation of productive formations increase,which increases the risk of various ***,reagents based on modified natural polymers(which are naturally occurring compounds)and synthetic polymers(SPs)which are polymeric compounds created industrially,are widely used to prevent emerging complications in the drilling ***,compared to modified natural polymers,SPs form a family of high-molecular-weight compounds that are fully synthesized by undergoing chemical polymerization *** provide substantial flexibility in their ***,their size and chemical composition can be adjusted to provide properties for nearly all the functional objectives of drilling *** can be classified based on chemical ingredients,type of reaction,and their responses to ***,some of SPs,due to their structural characteristics,have a high cost,a poor temperature and salt resistance in drilling fluids,and degradation begins when the temperature reaches 130℃.These drawbacks prevent SP use in some medium and deep ***,this review addresses the historical development,the characteristics,manufacturing methods,classification,and the applications of SPs in drilling *** contributions of SPs as additives to drilling fluids to enhance rheology,filtrate generation,carrying of cuttings,fluid lubricity,and clay/shale stability are explained in *** mechanisms,impacts,and advances achieved when SPs are added to drilling fluids are also *** typical challenges encountered by SPs when deployed in drilling fluids and their advantages and drawbacks are also *** issues also impact the applications of SPs in drilling ***,the cost of the most relevant SPs,and the monomers used in their synthesis,are *** impacts of SPs when deployed in drilling fluids,and t

关键词： Synthetic versus natural polymers Nanopolymers Drilling fluid additives Lubricity Clay swelling Hole cleaning

Late Ordovician mass Extinction: Earth, fire and ice

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： david A.T.Harper Palaeoecosystems Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

The Late Ordovician mass Extinction was the earliest of the ‘big’ five extinction events and the earliest to affect the trajectory of metazoan life. Two phases have been identified near the start of the Hirnantian period and in the middle. It was a massive taxonomic extinction, a weak phylogenetic extinction and a relatively benign ecological extinction. A rapid cooling, triggering a major ice age that reduced the temperature of surface waters, prompted a drop in sea level of some 100 m and introduced toxic bottom waters onto the shelves. These symptoms of more fundamental planetary processes have been associated with a range of factors with an underlying driver identified as volcanicity. Volcanic eruptions, and other products, may have extended back in time to at least the Sandbian and early Katian, suggesting the extinctions were more protracted and influential than hitherto documented.

关键词： Ordovician LOmE paleoecology palaeobiogeography biotas

multi‑omics integration identifies regulatory factors underlying bovine subclinical mastitis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 987-1007页

作者： mengqi Wang Naisu Yang mario Laterriere david Gagne Faith Omonijo Eveline m.Ibeagha‑Awemu Agriculture and Agri‑Food Canada Sherbrooke Research and Development CentreSherbrookeQCCanada Department of Animal Science Universite LavalQuebec CityQCCanada Quebec Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaQuebec CityQCCanada

Background mastitis caused by multiple factors remains one of the most common and costly disease of the dairy ***-omics approaches enable the comprehensive investigation of the complex interactions between mul-tiple layers of information to provide a more holistic view of disease ***,this study investigated the genomic and epigenomic signatures and the possible regulatory mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis by integrating RNA sequencing data(mRNA and lncRNA),small RNA sequencing data(miRNA)and DNA methylation sequencing data of milk somatic cells from 10 healthy cows and 20 cows with naturally occurring subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus *** Functional investigation of the data sets through gene set analysis uncovered 3458 biological process GO terms and 170 KEGG pathways with altered activities during subclinical mastitis,provided further insights into subclin-ical mastitis and revealed the involvement of multi-omics signatures in the altered immune responses and impaired mammary gland productivity during subclinical *** abundant genomic and epigenomic signatures with sig-nificant alterations related to subclinical mastitis were observed,including 30,846,2552,1276 and 57 differential methylation haplotype blocks(dmHBs),differentially expressed genes(DEGs),lncRNAs(DELs)and miRNAs(DEms),***,5 factors presenting the principal variation of differential multi-omics signatures were *** important roles of Factor 1(DEG,DEm and DEL)and Factor 2(dmHB and DEm),in the regulation of immune defense and impaired mammary gland functions during subclinical mastitis were *** of the omics within Factors 1 and 2 explained about 20%of the source of variation in subclinical ***,networks of impor-tant functional gene sets with the involvement of multi-omics signatures were demonstrated,which contributed to a comprehensive view of the possible regu

关键词： Candidate discriminant multi-omics signature Gene Long non-coding RNA methylation haplotype block microRNA multi-omics integration Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity pathway Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway

Rational molecular design of efficient yellow-red dendrimer TADF for solution-processed OLEDs: a combined effect of substitution position and strength of the donors

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1613-1623页

作者： Changfeng Si Dianming Sun Tomas matulaitis david B.Cordes Alexandra m.Z.Slawin Eli Zysman-Colman Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsKY169STUK

The development of high-performance solution-processed red organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs) remains a challenge,particularly in terms of maintaining efficiency at high luminance. Here, we designed and synthesized four novel orange-red thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) dendrimers that are solution-processable: 2GCz BP, 2DPACz BP, 2FBP2GCz and 2FBP2DPACz. We systematically investigated the effect of substitution position and strength of donors on the optoelectronic properties. The reverse intersystem crossing rate constant(kRISC) of the emitters having donors substituted at positions 11and 12 of the dibenzo[a,c]phenazine(BP) is more than 10-times faster than that of compounds substituted having donors substituted at positions 3 and 6. Compound 2DPACz BP, containing stronger donors than 2GCz BP, exhibits a red-shifted emission and smaller singlet-triplet energy splitting, ΔE_(ST), of 0.01 e V. The solution-processed OLED with 10 wt% 2DPACz BP doped in m CP emitted at 640 nm and showed a maximum external quantum efficiency(EQE_(max)) of 7.8%, which was effectively maintained out to a luminance of 1,000 cd m-2. Such a device's performance at relevant display luminance is among the highest for solution-processed red TADF OLEDs. The efficiency of the devices was improved significantly by using 4Cz IPN as an assistant dopant in a hyperfluorescence(HF) configuration, where the 2DPACz BP HF device shows an EQEmaxof 20.0% at λEL of 605 nm and remains high at 11.8% at a luminance of 1,000 cd m-2, which makes this device one of the highest efficiency orange-to-red HF SP-OLEDs to date.

关键词： thermally activated delayed fluorescence solution-processing red OLEDs dibenzo[a,c]phenazine dendrimers

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Nutritional epigenetics education improves diet and attitude of parents of children with autism or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 159-178页

作者： Renee J Dufault Katherine m Adler david O Carpenter Steven G Gilbert Raquel A Crider College of Graduate Health Studies A.T.Still UniversityKirksvilleMO 63501United States Department of Research Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States Department of Health Sciences University of New HavenWest HavenCT 06516United States Institute for Health and the Environment School of Public HealthState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222United States Department of Research Institute of Neurotoxicology and Neurological DisordersSeattleWA 98105United States Department of Statistics Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States

BACKGROUND Unhealthy maternal diet leads to heavy metal exposures from the consumption of ultra-processed foods that may impact gene behavior across generations,creating conditions for the neurodevelopmental disorders known as autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Children with these disorders have difficulty metabolizing and excreting heavy metals from their bloodstream,and the severity of their symptoms correlates with the heavy metal levels measured in their *** may play a key role in helping parents reduce their ultra-processed food and dietary heavy metal intake by providing access to effective nutritional epigenetics *** To test the efficacy of nutritional epigenetics instruction in reducing parental ultra-processed food *** The study utilized a semi-randomized test and control group pretest-posttest pilot study design with participants recruited from parents having a learning-disabled child with autism or ***-two parents who met the inclusion criteria were randomly selected to serve in the test(n=11)or control(n=11)*** test group participated in the six-week online nutritional epigenetics tutorial,while the control group did *** efficacy of the nutritional epigenetics instruction was determined by measuring changes in parent diet and attitude using data derived from an online diet survey administered to the participants during the pre and post intervention *** intake scores were derived for both ultra-processed and whole/organic *** sample t-tests were conducted to determine any differences in mean diet scores within each *** There was a significant difference in the diet scores of the test group between the pre-and post-intervention *** parents in the test group significantly reduced their intake of ultra-processed foods with a preintervention diet score of 70(mean=5.385,SD=2.534)and a post-intervention diet score of 113(mean=8.692,SD=1.750)and the

关键词： Epigenomics Parenteral nutrition Autism Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Ultra-processed foods Heavy metals

Bed inventory balance and stability of dual circulating fluidized bed systems

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 98-106页

作者： Yangjun Wei Leming Cheng david Pallares Bo Leckner Institute for Thermal Power Engineering State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Department of Space Earth and EnvironmentChalmers University of TechnologyS-41296GöteborgSweden

Experiments and modelling are conducted for general understanding on the imbalance phenomenon and for discussion on the strategies to improve the bed inventory balance and stability of a dual circulating fluidized bed(DCFB)*** experiments are carried out in a 15.5 m high pilot-scale DCFB cold test system.A fluid-dynamic DCFB model is developed based on a 1.5-dimensional semi-empirical model of an industrial CFB boiler,validated by experimental *** effects of control methods and operation conditions on the bed inventory balance and on the stability of the pilot-and large-scale DCFB systems are discussed.A"stable-unbalanced"state,where the system reaches a steady state,consisting of un-balanced bed inventories,is observed in both experiments and model *** maintain a balanced state and similar bed inventory in the DCFB systems with similar cross-sectional areas,it is recom-mended to keep similar total pressure drops or gas velocities in both reactors.

关键词： Bed inventory balance Stability Dual circulating fluidized bed(DCFB) Experiment modelling