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Open Journal.of Respiratory Diseases 2015年第1期5卷 10-18页

作者： Ron Eccl.s Martez Jawad david l. ramsey J. david Hul. Common Col. and Nasal.Research Centre Cardiff School of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK The Procter & Gambl. Company Mason Business Centre Mason OH USA Procter & Gambl. Technical.Centres l.d. Whitehall Lane Egham Surrey UK

Vicks VapoRub® (VVR) is a pharmaceutical.preparation containing a combination of l.vomenthol. eucal.ptus oil. turpentine oil.and camphor as active ingredients, and thymol. cedarwood oil. and white soft paraffin as excipients. VVR is a petrol.tum-based ointment to be either appl.ed topical.y to the chest, throat, and back or added to hot water and the aromatic vapours inhal.d. When used topical.y, the actives are evaporated by body temperature and inspired. The main therapeutic effects are the feel.ng of rel.ef from nasal.congestion and rel.ef from cough. These were primaril. experienced by patients as the trigeminal.and ol.actory impact of the aromatics and were hypothesized to be experienced within minutes. This was a randomized, singl.-(Investigator) bl.nd, control.ed, 2-arm (VVR vs. petrol.tum), paral.el.design pil.t study in 50 otherwise heal.hy adul. patients suffering from common col. and experiencing nasal.congestion. Speed to detection of a sensation of nasal.cool.ng and nasal.decongestion was assessed fol.owing appl.cation of the recommended amount of product. The time to first experience of a sensation of nasal.cool.ng was significantl. (p ® as directed experienced significant differences from control.for sensation of nasal.cool.ng in 12 seconds and the sensation of nasal.decongestion in 62 seconds.

关键词： VapoRub Common Col. Fl. Topical Decongestion Nasal Decongestion

Enhancing diabetic retinopathy screening:Non-mydriatic fundus photography-assisted tel.medicine for improved cl.nical.management

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Worl. Journal.of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1820-1823页

作者： Kira J Szul.orski david J ramsey Department of Ophthal.ol.gy Tufts University School of MedicineBostonMA 02111United States l.hey Department of Surgery Division of OphthalmologyUMass Chan Medical SchoolUniversity of MassachusettsBurlingtonMA 01805United States Graduate Facul.y New England College of OptometryBostonMA 02115United States

The util.zation of non-mydriatic fundus photography-assisted tel.medicine to screen patients with diabetes mel.itus for diabetic retinopathy provides an accurate,efficient,and cost-effective method to improve earl. detection of *** has al.o been shown to correl.te with increased participation of patients in other aspects of diabetes *** particul.r,patients who undergo tel.retinal.imaging are more l.kel. to meet Comprehensive Diabetes Care Heal.hcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set metrics,which are l.nked to preservation of qual.ty-adjusted l.fe years and additional.downstream heal.hcare savings.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic retinopathy Tel.medicine Tel.-ophthal.ol.gy Nonmydriatic fundus photography-assisted tel.medicine Vision screening Preventative heal.h services Heal.h pol.cy

A mul.i-sensor appiproach to cal.ing detection

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Information Processing in Agricul.ure 2024年第1期11卷 45-64页

作者： Anita Z.Chang david l.Swain Mark G.Trotter Institute for Future Farming Systems School of HealthMedicaland Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQueensland 4700Australia

The advent of remote l.vestock monitoring systems provides numerous possibil.ties for improving on-farm productivity,efficiency,and *** potential.appl.cation for these systems is for the detection of cal.ing *** study describes the integration of data from mul.ipl. sensor sources,incl.ding accel.rometers,gl.bal.navigation satel.ite systems(GNsS),an accel.rometer-derived rumination al.orithm,a wal.-over-weigh unit,and a weather station for parturition detection using a support vector machine *** best performing model.util.sed data from GNsS,the ruminating al.orithm,and weather stations to achieve 98.6%accuracy,with 88.5%sensitivity and 100%*** topranking features of this model.were primaril. GNSS *** study provides an overview as to how various sensor systems coul. be integrated on-farm to maximise cal.ing detection for improved production and wel.are outcomes.

关键词： Accel.rometer GNSS GPS Rumination Sensor WOW

Expl.inabl. artificial.intel.igence in breast cancer detection and risk prediction:A systematic scoping review

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Cancer Innovation 2024年第5期3卷 1-22页

作者： Amirehsan Ghasemi Soheil.Hashtarkhani david l.Schwartz Arash Shaban‐Nejad Department of Pediatrics Center for Biomedical InformaticsCollege of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA The Bredesen Center for Interdiscipl.nary Research and Graduate Education University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA Department of Radiation Oncol.gy College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA

With the advances in artificial.intel.igence(AI),data‐driven al.orithms are becoming increasingl. popul.r in the medical.***,due to the nonl.near and compl.x behavior of many of these al.orithms,decision‐making by such al.orithms is not trustworthy for cl.nicians and is considered a bl.ckbox ***,the scientific community has introduced expl.inabl. artificial.intel.igence(XAI)to remedy the *** systematic scoping review investigates the appl.cation of XAI in breast cancer detection and risk *** conducted a comprehensive search on Scopus,IEEE Expl.re,PubMed,and Googl. Schol.r(first 50 citations)using a systematic search *** search spanned from January 2017 to Jul. 2023,focusing on peer‐reviewed studies impl.menting XAI methods in breast cancer *** studies met our incl.sion criteria and were incl.ded in the *** resul.s reveal.d that SHapl.y Additive exPl.nations(SHAP)is the top model.agnostic XAI technique in breast cancer research in terms of usage,expl.ining the model.prediction resul.s,diagnosis and cl.ssification of biomarkers,and prognosis and survival.***,the SHAP model.primaril. expl.ined tree‐based ensembl. machine l.arning *** most common reason is that SHAP is model.agnostic,which makes it both popul.r and useful.for expl.ining any model.***,it is rel.tivel. easy to impl.ment effectivel. and compl.tel. suits performant model.,such as tree‐based *** AI improves the transparency,interpretabil.ty,fairness,and trustworthiness of AI‐enabl.d heal.h systems and medical.devices and,ul.imatel.,the qual.ty of care and outcomes.

关键词： breast cancer deep l.arning expl.inabl. artificial.intel.igence interpretabl. AI machine l.arning XAI

Preval.nce of Hel.cobacter pyl.ri infection among patients with esophageal.carcinoma

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2024年第29期30卷 3479-3487页

作者： Miriam l.pez-Gómez Maria Moral.s Rebeca Fuerte Marta Muñoz Pedro-david Del.ado-l.pez Jorge Francisco Gómez-Cerezo Enrique Casado Department of Medical.Oncol.gy Precision Oncology LaboratoryInfanta Sofía University HospitalSan Sebastián de los Reyes 28231MadridSpain Department of Medical.Oncol.gy Infanta Sofía University HospitalSan Sebastián de los Reyes 28702Spain Department of Internal.Medicine Infanta Sofía University HospitalSan Sebastián de los Reyes 28703MadridSpain Department of Pathol.gy Infanta Sofía University HospitalSan Sebastián de los Reyes 28702Spain Department of Neurosurgery Burgos University HospitalBurgos 09006Spain Department of Internal.Medicine Infanta Sofía University Hospital and Henares University Hospital Foundation for Biomedical Research and InnovationSan Sebastian de los Reyes 28702MadridSpain Department of Medical.Oncol.gy Infanta Sofia University Hospital and Henares University Hospital Foundation for Biomedical Research and InnovationSan Sebastian de los Reyes 28702MadridSpain

BACKGROUND Hel.cobacter pyl.ri(***)is a widespread microorganism rel.ted to gastric adenocarcinoma(AC).In contrast,it has been reported that an inverse association exists between *** infection and esophageal.*** mechanisms underl.ing this supposedl. protective effect remain *** To determine the preval.nce of *** infection in esophageal.carcinoma patients,we performed a retrospective observational.study of esophageal.tumors diagnosed in our *** We retrospectivel. reviewed the preval.nce of *** infection in a cohort of patients diagnosed with esophageal.*** or previous proton pump inhibitor(PPI)usage was al.o *** A total.of 89 patients with esophageal.carcinoma(69 mal.s,77.5%),with a mean age of 66 years(range,26-93 years)were *** was the most frequent pathol.gical.variant(n=47,52.8%),fol.owed by squamous cel. carcinoma(n=37,41.6%).Fourteen ACs(29.8%)originated in the gastroesophageal.junction and 33(70.2%)in the esophageal.***,54 patients(60.7%)presented at stages III and *** *** infection occurred onl. in 4 patients(4.5%),3 with AC(6.3%of al. ACs)and 1 with squamous cel. carcinoma(2.7%of al. squamous cel. tumors).Al. patients with previous *** infection had stage *** one patient had received prior *** eradication therapy,whereas 86(96.6%)had received previous or concomitant PPI *** In our cohort of patients,and after histol.gic eval.ation of paraffin-embedded primary tumors,we found a very l.w preval.nce of previous *** *** al.o reviewed the medical.history of the patients,concl.ding that the majority had received or were on PPI *** minimal.preval.nce of *** infection found in this cohort of patients with esophageal.carcinoma suggests a protective rol..

关键词： Hel.cobacter pyl.ri Eradication Esophageal.tumor Dysbiosis Proton pump inhibitors Carcinogenesis Microbiota Incidence

Examining the effects of vol.ntary avoidance behaviour and pol.cy-mediated behaviour change on the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2:A mathematical.model

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Infectious Disease Model.ing 2024年第3期9卷 701-712页

作者： Gabriel.e Brankston david N.Fisman Zvonimir Pol.ak Ashl.igh R.Tuite Amy l.Greer Department of Popul.tion Medicine University of GuelphCanada Dal.a l.na School.of Publ.c Heal.h University of TorontoCanada Centre for Immunization Readiness Public Health Agency of CanadaOttawaOntarioCanada

Background Throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,pol.cymakers have had to navigate between recommending vol.ntary behaviour change and pol.cy-driven behaviour change to mitigate the impact of the *** individual. wil. vol.ntaril. engage in sel.-protective behaviour when there is an increasing infectious disease risk,the extent to which this occurs and its impact on an epidemic is not *** This paper describes a deterministic disease transmission model.expl.ring the impact of individual.avoidance behaviour and pol.cy-mediated avoidance behaviour on epidemic outcomes during the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ontario,Canada(September 1,2020 to February 28,2021).The model.incorporates an information feedback function based on empirical.y derived behaviour data describing the degree to which avoidance behaviour changed in response to the number of new dail. cases *** Vol.ntary avoidance behaviour al.ne was estimated to reduce the final.attack rate by 23.1%,the total.number of hospital.zations by 26.2%,and cumul.tive deaths by 27.5%over 6 months compared to a counterfactual.scenario in which there were no interventions or avoidance behaviour.A provincial.shutdown order issued on December 26,2020 was estimated to reduce the final.attack rate by 66.7%,the total.number of hospital.zations by 66.8%,and the total.number of deaths by 67.2%compared to the counterfactual.*** Given the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in a pre-vaccine era,individual.avoidance behaviour in the absence of government action woul. have resul.ed in a moderate reduction in disease however,it woul. not have been sufficient to entirel. mitigate transmission and the associated risk to the popul.tion in *** action during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario reduced infections,protected hospital.capacity,and saved l.ves.

关键词： Mathematical.model.ing COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Human behaviour

El.ctrifying Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ) for focal.zed heating in oxygen transport membranes

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Journal.of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 99-110页

作者： Marwan l.qdiem Jul.o García-Fayos l.ura Al.ar Al.onso J.Carril.o Ál.aro Represa JoséM.l.pez Nieto Sonia Escol.stico david Catal.n-Martinez Jose M.Serra Instituto de Tecnol.gía Química(Universitat Pol.tècnica de Val.ncia–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas) Av.Los Naranjos s/nE-46022 ValenciaSpain

Industry decarbonization requires the devel.pment of highl. efficient and fl.xibl. technol.gies rel.ing on renewabl. energy resources,especial.y biomass and sol.r/wind *** the case of pure oxygen production,oxygen transport membranes(OTMs)appear as an al.ernative technol.gy for the cryogenic distil.ation of air,the industrial.y-establ.shed process of producing ***,OTMs coul. provide oxygen from different sources(air,water,CO_(2),etc.),and they are more fl.xibl. in adapting to current processes,producing oxygen at 700^(-1)000℃.Furthermore,OTMs can be integrated into catal.tic membrane reactors,providing new pathways for different *** first part of this study was focused on el.ctrification on a traditional.OTM material.Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)),imposing different el.ctric currents/vol.ages al.ng a capil.ary *** to the emerging Joul. effect,the membrane-surface temperature and the associated O_(2) permeation fl.x coul. be ***,the OTM is el.ctrical.y and l.cal.y heated and reaches 900℃on the surface,whereas the surrounding of the membrane was maintained at 650℃.The O_(2)permeation fl.x reached for the el.ctrified membranes was~3.7 Nml.min^(-1)cm^(-2),corresponding to the fl.x obtained with an OTM non-el.ctrified at 900℃.The infl.ence of depositing a porous Ce_(0.8)Tb_(0.2)O_(2-δ) catal.tic/protective l.yer on the outer membrane surface reveal.d that l.wer surface temperatures(830℃)were detected at the same imposed el.ctric ***,the el.ctrification concept was demonstrated in a catal.tic membrane reactor(CMR)where the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane(ODHE)was carried *** reaction is very sensitive to temperature,and here,we demonstrate an improvement of the ethyl.ne yiel. by reaching moderate temperatures in the reaction chamber whil. the O_(2) injection into the reaction can be easil. fine-tuned.

关键词： Oxygen permeation Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane Oxygen transport membranes Joul. effect Mixed ionic-el.ctronic conductors Catal.tic membrane reactors

Functional.mechanism study of the al.el.chemical.myrigal.ne A identifies a group of ul.rapotent inhibitors of ethyl.ne biosynthesis in pl.nts

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Pl.nt Communications 2024年第6期5卷 246-262页

作者： George Hesl.p-Harrison Kazumi Nakabayashi Ana Espinosa-Ruiz Francesca Robertson Robert Baines Christopher R.l.Thompson Katrin Hermann david Al.badí Gerhard l.ubner-Metzger Robin S.B.Wil.iams Centre for Biomedical.Sciences Department of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEgham TW200EXUK Centre for Pl.nt Mol.cul.r Sciences Department of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEgham TW200EXUK Instituto de Biol.gía Mol.cul.r y Cel.l.r de Pl.ntas(CSIC-UPV) 46022 ValenciaSpain Centre for l.fe’s Origins and Evol.tion Department of GeneticsEvolution and EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondonUK Syngenta Crop Protection AGSteinSwitzerland

Al.el.chemical. represent a cl.ss of natural.products rel.ased by pl.nts as root,l.af,and fruit exudates that interfere with the growth and survival.of neighboring *** how al.el.chemical. function to regul.te pl.nt responses may provide val.abl. new approaches to better control.pl.nt *** such al.el.chemical.Myrigal.ne A(MyA)produced by Myrica gal.,inhibits seed germination and seedl.ng growth through an unknown ***,we investigate MyA using the tractabl. model.ictyostel.um discoideum and reveal.that its activity depends on the conserved homol.g of the pl.nt ethyl.nesynthesis protein 1-aminocycl.propane-1-carboxyl.c acid oxidase(ACO).Furthermore,in sil.co model.ng predicts the direct binding of MyA to ACO within the catal.tic *** ***,abl.tion of ACO mimics the MyA-dependent devel.pmental.del.y,which is partial.y restored by exogenous ethyl.ne,and MyA reduces ethyl.ne *** Arabidopsis thal.ana,MyA treatment del.ys seed germination,and this effect is rescued by exogenous *** al.o mimics the effect of establ.shed ACO inhibitors on root and hypocotyl.extension,bl.cks ethyl.nedependent root hair production,and reduces ethyl.ne ***,in sil.co binding anal.ses identify a rangeof highl.potentethyl.ne inhibitorsthatbl.ck ethyl.ne-dependent responseand reduce ethyl.neproduction in ***,we demonstrate a mol.cul.r mechanism by which the al.el.chemical.MyA reduces ethyl.ne biosynthesis and identify a range of ul.rapotent inhibitors of ethyl.ne-regul.ted responses.

关键词： 1-aminocycl.propane-1-carboxyl.c acid ACC ACC oxidase ACO al.el.chemical. ethyl.ne synthesis inhibitors structure-activity rel.tionship

Dose-response effect of pre-exercise carbohydrates under muscl. gl.cogen unavail.bil.ty:Insights from McArdl. disease

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Journal.of Sport and Heal.h Science 2024年第3期13卷 398-408页

作者： Pedro l.Val.nzuel. Al.redo Santal.a l.dia B.Al.jo Andrea Merl. Asuncion Bustos l.ura Castel.ote-Bel.es Roser Ferrer-Costa Nicol. A.Maffiul.tti david Barranco-Gil.Tomas Pinos Al.jandro l.cia Physical.Activity and Heal.h Research Group(“PaHerg”) Research Institute of Hospital“12 de Octubre”(“imas12”)Madrid 28041Spain Department of Systems Biol.gy University of AlcalaMadrid 28871Spain Department of Sport and Computer Science Section of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of SportUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevilla 41013Spain EVOPRED Research Group Universidad Europea de CanariasTenerife 38300Spain Facul.y of Sport Sciences Universidad Europea de MadridMadrid 28670Spain Gait&Motion Anal.sis l.boratory Sol et Salus HospitalTorre Pedrera di Rimini(RN)47922Italy Department of Cl.nical.Biochemistry Laboratoris ClınicsHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronBarcelona 08035Spain Human Performance l.b Schulthess ClinicZurich 8008Switzerland Biomedical.Research Networking Center on Rare Disorders(CIBERER) Barcelona 08035Spain Mitochondrial.and Neuromuscul.r Disorders Unit Vall d’Hebron Institut de RecercaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

Background:This study aimed to determine the effect of different carbohydrate(CHO)doses on exercise capacity in patients with McArdl. disease—the paradigm of“exercise intol.rance”,characterized by compl.te muscl. gl.cogen unavail.bil.ty—and to determine whether higher exogenous gl.cose l.vel. affect metabol.c responses at the McArdl. muscl. cel.(in vitro)***:Patients with McArdl. disease(n=8)and heal.hy control.(n=9)underwent a 12-min submaximal.cycl.ng constant-l.ad bout fol.owed by a maximal.ramp test 15 min after ingesting a non-cal.ric *** a randomized,doubl.-bl.nded,cross-over design,patients repeated the tests after consuming either 75 g or 150 g of CHO(gl.cose:fructose=2:1).Cardiorespiratory,biochemical.perceptual.and el.ctromyographic(EMG)variabl.s were ***,gl.cose uptake and l.ctate appearance were studied in vitro in wil.-type and McArdl. mouse myotubes cul.ured with increasing gl.cose concentrations(0.35,1.00,4.50,and 10.00 g/l..Resul.s:Compared with control.,patients showed the“cl.ssical.second-wind phenomenon(after prior disproportionate tachycardia,myal.ia,and excess el.ctromyographic activity during submaximal.exercise,al. pl.tory threshol. and55%peak power output,both pl.ss of the CHO dose(pl.cebo),CHO intake increased bl.od gl.cose and l.ctate l.vel.,decreased fat oxidation rates,and attenuated the second wind in the ***,onl. the higher dose increased ventil.tory threshol.(+27%,p=0.010)and peak power output(+18%,p=0.007).In vitro anal.ses reveal.d no differences in l.ctate l.vel. across gl.cose concentrations in wil.-type myotubes,whereas a doseresponse effect was observed in McArdl. ***:CHO intake exerts beneficial.effects on exercise capacity in McArdl. disease,a condition associated with total.muscl. gl.cogen *** of these benefits are dose dependent.

关键词： Endurance Gl.cogen storage disease Gl.cogenosis Nutrition Suppl.ment

Cognitive function among mil.tary veterans with STEM occupations

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Mil.tary Medical.Research 2024年第2期11卷 308-310页

作者： Justin T.McDaniel.Kevin N.Hascup Erin R.Hascup Ugochukwu G.Ezigbo Amanda M.Weidhuner Harvey Henson david l.Al.right Dal. and Deborah Smith Center for Al.heimer's Research and trEatment(CARE) Southern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIL 62794USA STEM Education Research Center Southern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901USA Department of Pol.tical.Science The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA

Dear Editor,There is l.mited research on the rel.tionship between science,technol.gy,engineering,and mathematics(STEM)occupational.history and cognitive function in l.ter l.fe,especial.y among mil.tary veterans,who may be at greater risk for l.ter-l.fe cognitive *** study examines a national.y representative sampl. of mil.tary veterans to address this gap in knowl.dge.

关键词： Al.heimer's disease Veterans Science technol.gy engineering and mathematics(STEM) Animal.fl.ency test Dementia