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Health-education to prevent COVID-19 in schoolchildren: a call to action

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第4期9卷 142-144页

作者： Darren J.Gray Johanna Kurscheid Mary Lorraine Mationg Gail M.Williams Catherine Gordon Matthew Kelly kinley Wangdi Donald P.McManus Department of Global Health Research School of Population HealthAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia School of Public Health University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Infectious Diseases Division QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia

Background:There is currently considerable international debate around school closures/openings and the role of children in the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Whilst evidence suggests that children are not impacted by COVID-19 as severely as adults,little is still known about their transmission potential,and with a lot of asymptomatic cases they may be silent transmitters(*** without showing clinical signs of disease),albeit at a lower level than *** relation to this,it is somewhat concerning that in many countries children are cared for,or are often in close contact with,older individuals such as grandparents—the age group most at risk of acquiring serious respiratory complications resulting in *** text:We emphasise that in the absence of a vaccine or an effective therapeutic drug,preventive measures such as good hygiene practices—hand washing,cough etiquette,disinfection of surfaces and social distancing represent the major(in fact only)weapons that we have against ***,we stress that there is a pressing need to develop specific COVID-19 prevention messages for ***:An entertainment education intervention for schoolchildren systematically implemented in schools would be highly effective and fill this *** such measures in place there would be greater confidence around the opening of schools.

关键词： COVID-19 Children Health education Health promotion Prevention

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Sigma流量计在市政排水管网的成功应用

中国给水排水 2010年第16期26卷 148-150页

作者：黄伟明方闻 Marcia kinley 美国哈希公司北京代表处北京100004 美国哈希公司

美国内珀维尔市通过安装准确耐用的流量计,消除了传感器的漂移,为流量监测系统提供了可靠的数据。通过这些可靠的流量和液位数据,能够分析市政排水管网的状态,判断入流和渗漏问题,优化对市政排水管网的维护和管理,执行最优的污水管道修... 详细信息

美国内珀维尔市通过安装准确耐用的流量计,消除了传感器的漂移,为流量监测系统提供了可靠的数据。通过这些可靠的流量和液位数据,能够分析市政排水管网的状态,判断入流和渗漏问题,优化对市政排水管网的维护和管理,执行最优的污水管道修复策略,最终减少因入流和渗漏问题对污水处理厂造成的流量冲击。

关键词：流量监测市政排水管网入流渗漏优化

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Emergency department procedural sedation for primary electrical cardioversion — a comparison with procedural sedations for other reasons

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第3期8卷 165-169页

作者： Michael Butler Patrick Froese Peter Zed George Kovacs Robert Mac kinley Kirk Magee Mary-Lynn Watson Samuel G.Campbell Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty of Medicine Dalhousie University Department of Undergraduate Medicine Faculty of Medicine Dalhousie University Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of British Columbia Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation(AF) is the most common arrhythmia treated in the emergency department(ED), with primary electrical cardioversion(PEC) the preferred method of rhythm control. Anecdotally, patients undergoing ED procedural sedation(EDPS) for PEC differ from those requiring EDPS for other procedures: they are at higher risk of adverse events, and require fewer drugs and lower doses. We attempt to verify this using an EDPS registry at a Canadian, tertiary care teaching ***: This is a retrospective review of patients that underwent EDPS for the period of June 2006 to September 2014. We compared demographics, medication use and intra-procedural adverse events between those receiving EDPS for PEC for AF compared to that for other indications. We report the asssociation between AEs and predictors using logistic ***: A total of 4 867 patients were included, 714 for PEC for AF and 4 153 for other indications. PEC patients were more likely male(58.5% vs. 47.1%), older(59.5 years vs. 48.1 years), and less likely to be ASA I(46.6% vs. 69.0%). PEC patients received smaller doses of propofol and less likely to receive adjuvant analgesic therapy(11.5% vs. 78.2%). PEC patients were more likely to experience hypotension(27.6% vs. 16.5%) but respiratory AEs(apnea, hypoxia and airway intervention) were not ***: EDPS for PEC differs from that conducted for other purposes: patients tend to be less healthy, receive smaller doses of medication and more likely to suffer hypotension without an increase in respiratory AEs. These factors should be considered when performing EDPS.

关键词： Procedural sedation Atrial fibrillation Electrical cardioversion

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In Vitro Evaluation of the Antimethanogenic Potency and Effects on Fermentation of Individual and Combinations of Marine Macroalgae

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第14期7卷 2038-2054页

作者： Robert D. kinley Matthew J. Vucko Lorenna Machado Nigel W. Tomkins CSIRO Agriculture Australian Tropical Science & Innovation Precinct James Cook University Townsville Australia MACRO—The Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology College of Marine and Environmental Sciences James Cook University Townsville Australia

Contribution of ruminants to total greenhouse gas emissions in Australia is approximately 10% and likely to increase with demand for livestock products, thus an efficient method of mitigation must be implemented. The red marine macroalgae Asparagopsis taxiformis reduces enteric methane production by up to 99% in vitro. Other macroalgae with less potent antimethanogenic properties may complement inclusion of Asparagopsis in livestock feeds. Adoption of environmental based changes in livestock systems must provide benefits to producers if change in management is to be adopted. This study used 72 h in vitro fermentations with rumen inoculum to characterize and rank seven species of macroalgae at low inclusion that previously demonstrated some degree of antimethanogenesis at higher inclusion concentration. The seven were assessed at 5% inclusion (OM basis) and in combination with Asparagopsis to evaluate beneficial effects on fermentation. When tested individually, improvements in volatile fatty acids were generally observed, however, minimal effect on gas production and no clear justification for a ranking order were demonstrated. When tested in combination with Asparagopsis, the effects on fermentation were dominated by presence of Asparagopsis at 2% and no further benefits demonstrated. Therefore, Asparagopsis remains the only macroalga inducing near elimination of methane in vitro and benefit of combinations with other macroalgae evaluated in this study was not demonstrated. However, combination with high protein macroalgae is proposed to provide productivity enhancement during seasonal lows in grass quality and thus reduce methane emissions intensity providing a stronger conduit for environmental responsibility while increasing productivity.

关键词： Asparagopsis Methane Rumen Seaweed Algae

Geographical distribution of the incidence of gastric cancer in Bhutan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第38期21卷 10883-10889页

作者： Tashi Dendup James M Richter Yoshio Yamaoka kinley Wangchuk Hoda M Malaty Department of Surgery Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical SchoolMGH Gastroenterology AssociatesHarvard University Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine Oita University Faculty of Medicine Microbiology Unit Department of Laboratory MedicineJigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital Department of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine

AIM: To estimate the prevalence of gastric cancer(GC) in a cohort of patients diagnosed with GC and to compare it with patients diagnosed with all other types of gastro-intestinal(GI) cancer during the same ***: Between 2008 and 2013,five-year period,the medical records of all GI cancer patients who underwent medical care and confirm diagnosis of cancer were reviewed at the National Referral Hospital,Thimphu which is the only hospital in the country where surgical and cancer diagnosis can be made. Demographic information,type of cancer,and the year of diagnosis were ***: There were a total of 767 GI related cancer records reviewed during the study period of which 354(46%) patients were diagnosed with GC. There were 413 patients with other GI cancer including; esophagus,colon,liver,rectum,pancreas,gall bladder,cholangiocarcinoma and other GI tract cancers. The GC incidence rate is approximately 0.9/10000 per year(367 cases/5years per 800000 people). The geographic distribution of GC was the lowest in the south region of Bhutan 0.3/10000 per year compared to the central region 1.4/10000 per year,Eastern region 1.2/10000 per year,and the Western region 1.1/10000 per year. Moreover,GC in the South part was significantly lower than the other GI cancer in the same region(8% vs 15%; OR = 1.8,95%CI: 1.3-3.1,P = 0.05). Among GC patients,38% were under the age of 60 years,mean age at diagnosis was 62.3(± 12.1) years with male-to-female ratio 1:0.5. The mean age among patients with all other type GI cancer was 60 years(± 13.2) and male-tofemale ratio of 1:0.7. At time of diagnosis of GC,342(93%) were at stage 3 and 4 of and by the year 2013; 80(23%) GC patients died compared to 31% death among patients with the all other GI cancer(P = 0.08).CONCLUSION: The incidence rate of GC in Bhutan is twice as high in the United States but is likely an underestimate rate because of unreported and undiagnosed cases in the villages. The high incidence of GC in Bhuta

关键词： Gastric cancer Mortality Epidemiology Bhutan

Exploration of Methane Mitigation Efficacy Using Asparagopsis-Derived Bioactives Stabilized in Edible Oil Compared to Freeze-Dried Asparagopsis in Vitro

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第7期13卷 1023-1041页

作者： Robert D. kinley Siong Tan Jemima Turnbull Shane Askew Jessica Harris Breanna M. Roque FutureFeed Pty Ltd. Townsville Australia Agriculture and Food Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Townsville Australia College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary Sciences Douglas Campus James Cook University (JCU) Townsville Australia Advanced Analytical Centre (AAC) Douglas Campus James Cook University (JCU) Townsville Australia

Asparagopsis oil products are of interest due to the stabilizing effects of the Asparagopsis-derived antimethanogenic bioactive compound bromoform (CHBr3). The objective of this in vitro series is to characterize antimethanogenic efficacy of freeze-dried Asparagopsis (FD-Asp) and Asparagopsis oil (Asp-Oil) and compare relative antimethanogenic response over time at multiple levels of CHBr3 delivery. Relative methane (CH4) emissions (mL/g) are based on in vitro apparent feed digested dry matter (IVDDM) after 24, 48, and 72 h of fermentation. CHBr3 contained in FD-Asp was included at 95, 191, and 286 mg/kg, and CHBr3 contained in Asp-Oil was included at 78, 117, and 175 mg/kg, to produce the Low, Mid, and High inclusions, respectively. Low FD-Asp had no significant impact on CH4 emissions, Mid FD-Asp demonstrated 91%, 44%, and 37% reductions, and the High FD-Asp demonstrated complete inhibition of CH4, after 24, 48, and 72 h of fermentation, respectively. Comparatively, Low Asp-Oil demonstrated a 46%, 28%, and 18% CH4 reduction, Mid Asp-Oil resulted in 99%, 92%, and 73% reductions, and the High Asp-Oil demonstrated complete inhibition of CH4 after 24, 48, and 72 h of fermentation, respectively. IVDDM and total volatile fatty acid (tVFA) production were not changed by the inclusion of FD-Asp and Asp-Oil. The results from this study show that Asparagopsis is not only a compelling CH4 mitigating feed supplement but is also able to be delivered in edible oil forms which will strengthen its applicability to on-farm use. This study is promising for the utility of Asp-Oil, and in vivo trials are essential to demonstrate the extent of efficacy of Asp-Oil in ruminant animals because FD-Asp has consistently demonstrated greater antimethanogenic efficacy in vivo compared to in vitro.

关键词： Asparagopsis Edible Oil Methane Greenhouse Gas Mitigation In Vitro

西得克萨斯和新墨西哥州东南部Delaware盆地Barnett页岩（密西西比系）的油气潜力

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国外石油动态 2008年第23期 1-25页

作者： Travis j. kinley 谢力（译）

Delaware盆地的Barnett页岩（密西西比系）具有成为多产天然气生产带的潜力。该页岩有机质丰富并且盆地的很大一部分都是热成熟的。Barnett的深度范围从沿着西部边缘的7000ft（2133m）到沿着盆地轴的超过18000ft（5486m）。Barnett页岩... 详细信息

Delaware盆地的Barnett页岩（密西西比系）具有成为多产天然气生产带的潜力。该页岩有机质丰富并且盆地的很大一部分都是热成熟的。Barnett的深度范围从沿着西部边缘的7000ft（2133m）到沿着盆地轴的超过18000ft（5486m）。Barnett页岩开始生烃大约是250Ma，达到最高温度大约是260Ma。目前的热成熟度代表了最大埋藏和最高温度。根据测得的镜质体反射率值和干酪根转化率，Reeves县北部的井是处在气窗内。根据电阻率变化，该页岩可分为上部碎屑质单元和下部石灰质单元。根据不同的测井标记，下部单元可细分为5个子单元。初步分析表明，测井中标有高电阻率和高中子孔隙度读数的下Barnett层段具有高含气量。通过绘制大于50欧姆米的净电阻率图，可以描绘下Barnett未来勘探的重点区域。在Delaware盆地，Barnett页岩含有大量天然气资源。要实现这些资源的潜力取决于目前在这一页岩气区带进行的优化钻井和完井技术方面所做的努力。

关键词：油气潜力页岩气新墨西哥州盆地得克萨斯东南部电阻率变化天然气资源

Changing the Proportions of Grass and Grain in Feed Substrate Impacts the Efficacy of <i>Asparagopsis taxiformis</i>to Inhibit Methane Production <i>in Vitro</i>

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1835-1858页

作者： R. D. kinley S. Tan J. Turnbull S. Askew B. M. Roque FutureFeed Pty Ltd. Townsville Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food Townsville Australia College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University (JCU) Douglas Campus Townsville Australia Advanced Analytical Centre (AAC) James Cook University (JCU) Douglas Campus Townsville Australia University of California Davis Davis USA

Benefits of the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis as an ingredient to manage methane (CH4) emissions from the red meat and dairy industries continue to evolve. Asparagopsis has been demonstrated to eliminate enteric CH4 emissions in vitro and reduce it greater than 80% in animals. Variability in animal studies is suspected to be associated with variable inclusion and proportions of grass and grain in the diet. This in vitro study aimed to elucidate effects of gradient grass to grain proportions in the fermentation using five steps from 100% Rhodes grass (RG) to 100% barley grain (BG). Gradient inclusion of Asparagopsis was in six steps of Control with no inclusion (C), Low (L), Low-Medium (LM), Medium (M), Medium-High (MH), and High (H) levels tested in three fermentation durations (24 h, 48 h, 72 h). There was significant effect of RG/BG and inclusion of Asparagopsis such that CH4 production decreased with increasing Asparagopsis independent of RG/BG;however, there was enhanced reduction at greater proportions of BG. Thus, the level of Asparagopsis required to completely inhibit CH4 production in vitro was decreased with decreasing RG/BG. Increasing the duration of fermentation had greatest effect on CH4 at C, L, and LM levels of Asparagopsis independent of RG/BG, although magnitude of CH4 production was greater for higher proportions of BG for the C and L levels. Digestibility of in vitro substrate increased with fermentation duration and increasing BG;however, there was no change associated with inclusion levels of Asparagopsis. Increases in total volatile fatty acids (tVFA) were observed with increased fermentation duration and concomitant with increasing substrate digestion. Increasing proportions of BG induced increase in tVFA. In contrast, and independent of changes in substr

关键词： Asparagopsis taxiformis Enteric Methane Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Feed Substrate Rhodes Grass Barley Grain In Vitro

The COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Bhutan: strategy and enablers

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第1期11卷 83-83页

作者： Tsheten Tsheten Phurpa Tenzin Archie C.A.Clements Darren J.Gray Lhawang Ugyel kinley Wangdi College of Health and Medicine Research School of Population HealthAustralian National University62 Mills RoadActonCanberraACT2601Australia 不详

Bhutan has reported a total of 2596 COVID-19 cases and three deaths as of September 15,*** support from India,the United States,Denmark,the People’s Republic of China,Croatia and other countries,Bhutan was able to conduct two rounds of nationwide vaccination *** many countries struggle to overcome vaccine refusal or hesitancy due to complacency,a lack of trust,inconvenience and fear,escalated in some countries by anti-vaccine groups,Bhutan managed to inoculate more than 95%of its eligible populations in two rounds of vaccination *** factors of this successful vaccination campaign were strong national leadership,a well-coordinated national preparedness plan,and high acceptability of vaccine due to effective mass communication and social engagement led by religious figures,volunteers and local *** this short report,we described the national strategic plan and enabling factors that led to the success of this historical vaccination campaign.

关键词： Bhutan Vaccine COVID-19 Strategy Campaign Enablers Report