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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF cROP-LIVESTOck FARMS IN AFRIcA

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第1期8卷 175-181页

作者： Mariana c.RUFINO charles k.k.GAcHENE Rodrigue V.c.DIOGO James HAWkINS Alice A.ONYANGO Ousmane M.SANOGO Ibrahim WANYAMA Gabriel YESUF david E.PELSTER Lancaster Environment centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK Department of Land Resource Management and Agricultural Technology University of NairobiNairobiP.O.Box 29053-00625Kenya Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of ParakouParakouP.O.Box 123Benin International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) NairobiP.O.Box 30709-00100Kenya Institut d'Economie Rurale SikassoBP 16Mali Agriculture and Agri-Food canada 2560 Blvd HochelagaQuebec CityG1V 2J3Canada

crop-livestock farms across Africa are highly variable due to in agroecological and socioeconomic factors,the latter shaping the demand and supply of livestock ***-livestock farms in Africa in the 20-first century are very different from most mixed farms elsewhere in the *** crop-livestock farms are smaller in size,have fewer livestock,lower productivity and less dependency on imported feed than farms in most countries of Europe,the Americas and the intensive agricultural systems of *** paper discusses the role African crop-livestock farms have in the broader socio-agricultural economy,and how these are likely to change adapting to pressures brought on by the intensification of food *** intensification implies increasing land productivity(more food per hectare),often leading to more livestock heads per farm,producing fertilized feeds in croplands and importing feed supplements from the *** discussion includes(1)the links between crop yields,soil fertility and crop-livestock integration,(2)the increasing demand for livestock products and the land resources required to meet to this demand,and(3)the opportunities to integrate broader societal goals into the development of crop-livestock *** is ample room for development of crop-livestock farms in Africa,and keeping integration as part of the development will help prevent many of the mistakes and environmental problems related to the intensification of livestock production observed elsewhere in the *** development can integrate biodiversity,climate change adaptation and mitigation to the current goals of increasing productivity and food *** inclusion of broader goals could help farmers access the level of finance required to implement changes.

关键词： finance integrate goals

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The Long Road to Understanding the Baculovirus P10 Protein

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Virologica Sinica 2009年第4期24卷 227-242页

作者： david c. J. carpentier Linda A. king School of Life Sciences Oxford Brookes University Headington Campus Oxford United Kingdom Oxford Expression Technologies Ltd Oxford Brookes University Headington Campus Oxford United Kingdom

The baculovirus P 10 protein has always represented a mystery in the field of insect virology. Like the baculovirus polyhedrin protein it is expressed at high levels very late in infection. Homologues of the Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus p10 gene are conserved in all Alphabaculoviruses and in other viruses of lepidopteran hosts yet is completely dispensable for virus replication and transmission. PIO is a microtubule interacting protein whose expression has been associated with the formation of a variety of complex and extensive cytoplasmic and nuclear structures. PIO has been associated with a number of roles during infection ranging from the formation of virus occlusion bodies, to affecting the rate of cellular and/or nuclear lysis during the final stages of the virus replication cycle. In this article we review recent work aimed at understanding the role of this enigmatic protein, putting them into context with recent advances in understanding of protein structure and function. We look back at a number of historical studies and observations, reanalysing their conclusions based on recent data and our own observations. The role of the P 10 protein during baculovirus replication remains elusive, however, novel avenues of investigation have been identified that will, we are sure, eventually lead to an understanding of this protein.

关键词： Baculovirus P10 microtubule Polyhedral occlusion body Fibrous body/fibrillar structure

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Infrared chemical imaging through non-degenerate two-photon absorption in silicon-based cameras

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 813-822页

作者： david knez Adam M.Hanninen Richard c.Prince Eric O.Potma Dmitry A.Fishman Department of chemistry University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA

chemical imaging based on mid-infrared(MIR)spectroscopic contrast is an important technique with a myriad of applications,including biomedical imaging and environmental *** MIR cameras,however,lack performance and are much less affordable than mature Si-based devices,which operate in the visible and nearinfrared ***,we demonstrate fast MIR chemical imaging through non-degenerate two-photon absorption(NTA)in a standard Si-based charge-coupled device(ccD).We show that wide-field MIR images can be obtained at 100 ms exposure times using picosecond pulse energies of only a few femtojoules per pixel through NTA directly on the ccD *** this on-chip approach does not rely on phase matching,it is alignment-free and does not necessitate complex postprocessing of the *** emphasize the utility of this technique through chemically selective MIR imaging of polymers and biological samples,including MIR videos of moving targets,physical processes and live nematodes.

关键词： absorption Infrared chemical

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keratoconus in a patient with Alport syndrome: A case report

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World Journal of clinical cases 2019年第19期7卷 3012-3017页

作者： Majid Moshirfar david F Skanchy Aaron T Gomez Yasmyne c Ronquillo Benjamin Buckner Phillip c Hoopes John A.Moran Eye center Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT 84101United States Utah Lions Eye Bank Salt Lake CityUT 84101United States Hoopes Durrie Rivera Research center Hoopes VisionDraperUT 84020United States kellogg Eye center Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI 48103United States The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine EdinburgTX 78542United States

BAckGROUND known ocular manifestations of Alport syndrome include features such as anterior lenticonus and fleck retinopathy. Reports of keratoconus in such patients are limited. We report tomographic findings consistent with keratoconus in a patient with Alport *** SUMMARY A 52-year-old female was referred to our ophthalmology clinic with decreased vision and increased tearing. She was diagnosed with stage Ⅲ Alport syndrome two years prior. Upon examination she was found to have average keratometries of 48D bilaterally with tomographic evidence of *** Although a rare presentation, concurrent Alport syndrome and keratoconus should be considered when reviewing the ocular health of Alport syndrome patients and appropriate management steps should be taken upon the diagnosis.

关键词： Alport syndrome,keratoconus Type Ⅳ collagen cOL4A genes corneal ectasia case report

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Roundtable： Research Opportunities and challenges for Large-Scale Software Systems

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Journal of computer Science & Technology 2016年第5期31卷 851-860页

作者： Xusheng Xiao Jian-Guang Lou Shan Lu david c. Shepherd Xin Peng Qian-Xiang Wang NEc Laboratories America Princeton NJ 08540 U.S.A. Microsoft Research Asia Beijing 100080 China Department of computer Science University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 U.S.A. ABB corporate Research Raleigh NC 27606 U.S.A. School of computer Science Fudan University Shanghai 201203 China School of Electronics Engineering and computer Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China

For this special section on software systems, six research leaders in software systems, as guest editors tor this special section, discuss important issues that will shape this field＇s future research directions. The essays included in this roundtable article cover research opportunities and challenges for large-scale software systems such as querying organization- wide software behaviors （Xusheng Xiao）, logging and log analysis （Jian-Ouang Lou）, engineering reliable cloud distributed systems （Shan Lu）, usage data （david c. Shepherd）, clone detection and management （Xin Peng）, and code search and beyond （Qian-Xiang Wang）. - Tao Xie, Leading Editor of Software Systems.

关键词： organization-wide software behavior log analysis reliable cloud distributed system usage data clone detection and management code search

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The role of complement c5a receptor in DPSc odontoblastic differentiation and in vivo reparative dentin formation

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International Journal of Oral Science 2022年第1期14卷 71-79页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Ji-Hyun kim Hassan Marzban david AReed Anne George Lyndon Fcooper Seung chung Department of Oral Biology University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoUSA Department of Human Anatomy and cell Science University of ManitobaWinnipegCanada

Therapeutic dentin regeneration remains difficult to achieve,and a majority of the attention has been given to anabolic strategies to promote dentinogenesis directly,whereas,the available literature is insufficient to understand the role of inflammation and inflammatory complement system on *** aim of this study is to determine the role of complement c5a receptor(c5aR)in regulating dental pulp stem cells(DPScs)differentiation and in vivo dentin *** DPScs were subjected to odontogenic differentiation in osteogenic media treated with the c5aR agonist and c5aR *** vivo dentin formation was evaluated using the dentin injury/pulp-capping model of the c5a-deficient and wildtype *** vitro results demonstrate that c5aR inhibition caused a substantial reduction in odontogenic DPScs differentiation markers such as DMP-1 and DSPP,while the c5aR activation increased these key odontogenic genes compared to control.A reparative dentin formation using the c5a-deficient mice shows that dentin regeneration is significantly reduced in the c5a-deficient *** data suggest a positive role of c5aR in the odontogenic DPScs differentiation and tertiary/reparative dentin *** study addresses a novel regulatory pathway and a therapeutic approach for improving the efficiency of dentin regeneration in affected teeth.

关键词： c5a vivo inflammation

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Portal vein embolization for induction of selective hepatic hypertrophy prior to major hepatectomy: rationale,techniques, outcomes and future directions

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cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第4期13卷 426-442页

作者： david Li david c.Madoff Department of Radiology Division of Interventional Radiology New York-Presbyterian Hospital Weill Cornell Medical Center

The ability to modulate the future liver remnant(FLR) is a key component of modern oncologic hepatobiliary surgery practice and has extended surgical candidacy for patients who may have been previously thought unable to survive liver resection. Multiple techniques have been developed to augment the FLR including portal vein embolization(PVE), associating liver partition and portal vein ligation(ALPPS), and the recently reported transhepatic liver venous deprivation(LVD). PVE is a well-established means to improve the safety of liver resection by redirecting blood flow to the FLR in an effort to selectively hypertrophy and ultimately improve functional reserve of the FLR. This article discusses the current practice of PVE with focus on summarizing the large number of published reports from which outcomes based practices have been developed. Both technical aspects of PVE including volumetry, approaches, and embolization agents; and clinical aspects of PVE including data supporting indications, and its role in conjunction with chemotherapy and transarterial embolization will be highlighted. PVE remains an important aspect of oncologic care; in large part due to the substantial foundation of information available demonstrating its clear clinical benefit for hepatic resection candidates with small anticipated FLRs.

关键词： Portal vein embolization future liver remnant hypertrophy liver regeneration liver cancer hepatocellular carcinoma liver metastases

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Targeted principle component analysis:A new motion artifact correction approach for near-infrared spectroscopy

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2014年第2期7卷 98-105页

作者： Meryen A.Yücel Julitte Selb Robert J.c.ooper david A.Boas Athinoula A.Martinos center for Biomedical Imaging Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Haruard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering University college London LondonUK

As near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)broadens its application area to diferent age and diseasegroups,motion artifacts in the NIRS signal due to subject movement is becoming an *** artifacts generally produce signal fiuctuations that are larger than physio-logical NIRS signals,thus it is cruciai to corect for them before obtaining an cstimate ofstimulusevoked hemodynamic responses.,There are various methods for correction such as principlecomponent analy sis(P cA),wavelet-based filt ering and spline int ***,we introduce anew approach to motion artifact correction,targeted principle component analysis(PcA),which incorporates a PcA filter only on the segments of data identified as motion *** expected that this will overcome the issues of filtering desired signals that plagues standardPcA fitering of entire data *** compared the new approach with the most efiective motionartifact correction algorithms on a set of data acquired simultaneously with a collodion-fixedprobe(low motion artifact content)and a standard Velcro probe(high motion artifact content).Our results show that tPcA gives statistically better results in recovering hemodynamic responsefunction(HRF)as compared to wavelet-based fltering and spline interpolation for the *** resulis in a significant reduction in mean-squauared'error(MSE)and significant en-hancement in Pearson's correlation coeficient to the true HRF,The collodion-fixed fiber probewith no motion correction performed better than the Velcro probe corrected for motion artifactsin terms of MSE and Pearson's correlation ***,if the experimental study permits,the use of a collodion-fixed fiber probe may be desirable.I the use of a collodion-fixed probe is notfeasible,then we suggest the use of tP cA in the processing of motion artifact contaminated data.

关键词： Wavelet spline collodion-fixed fiber.

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Suicide Mortality by Place,Gender,and Age Group-china,2010-2021

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china cDc weekly 2023年第25期5卷 559-564,I0003-I0005页

作者： Min Zhao Li Li Zhenzhen Rao david c.Schwebel Peishan Ning Guoqing Hu Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical EpidemiologyXiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangsha CityHunan ProvinceChina Department of Psychology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA National clinical Research center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha CityHunan ProvinceChina

ABSTRAcT Introduction:Suicide is an important public health concern in *** examined suicide mortality by place,sex,and age group from 2010 to 2021 to identify and quantify significant suicide mortality changes in ***:We retrieved age-standardized and agespecific suicide mortality rates by place(urban ***)and sex from the chinese Health Statistical Yearbook and population data from the 2010 and 2020 chinese National Population census.

关键词： Place Population Suicide

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Implementation of the Acclimatization Process for Ginger Plantlets (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 2236-2248页

作者： Florentin Danton kango Gilles Habib Todjro cacaï Serge Sètondji Houédjissin Jerome Anani Hounguè Jaures Riwan Uriel kouke david Dègbé Allotchémè corneille Ahanhanzo central Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Plant Breeding Department of Genetic and Biotechnology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is an important culinary and medicinal spice but is rarely cultivated due to the unavailability of seeds. Given the difficulties in adapting to plantlets produced in natural environments, it is important to analyze the survival conditions of ginger plantlets. For this reason, we varied the incubation temperature and humidity as well as the substrate during the weaning phase. Then, we varied the nutrients contained in the watering solution during the hardening phase. The statistical analysis showed that physical factors and substrates significantly influenced (p cantly influenced the phylogenesis, rhizogenesis, and height growth of the plantlets. The suitable physical factors for good development of plantlets are a temperature of 26.54˚c and a humidity of 96.16%. The 1c2T2Tc substrate (1 compost + 2 Soil + 2 coconut Peat) had a significant survival rate of approximately 92.5%. During hardening, the Plantzym solution promoted good growth in terms of plantlet height (0.6 cm) and good development of roots (30 roots) and leaves (03 leaves). This work will make it possible to develop a technical seed production sheet for better development of ginger cultivation in Benin.

关键词： Acclimatization Zingiber officinale Weaning Nutrient Solutions Substrates

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