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Novel blood-based microRNA biomarker panel for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第1期6卷 22-33页

作者： Ganepola AP Ganepola john R Rutledge Paritosh Suman Anusak Yiengpruksawan david H Chang Center for Cancer Research and Genomic Medicine The Valley Hospital Department of Surgery The Valley Hospital

AIM:To develop a panel of blood-based diagnostic biomarkers consisting of circulating microRNAs for the detection of pancreatic cancer at an early ***:Blood-based circulating microRNAs were profiled by high throughput screening using microarray analysis,comparing differential expression between early stage pancreatic cancer patients(n = 8) and healthy controls(n = 11).A panel of candidate microRNAs was generated based on the microarray signature profiling,including unsupervised clustering and statistical analysis of differential expression levels,and findings from the published *** selected candidate microRNAs were then confirmed using TaqMan real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) to further narrow down to a three-microRNA diagnostic *** three-microRNA diagnostic panel was validated with independent experimental proce-dures and instrumentation of RT-qPCR at an independent venue with a new cohort of cancer patients(n = 11),healthy controls(n = 11),and a group of high risk controls(n = 11).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic capability of the three-microRNA ***:In the initial high throughput screening,1220 known human microRNAs were screened for differential expression in pancreatic cancer patients versus controls.A subset of 42 microRNAs was then generated based on this data analysis and current published *** microRNAs were selected from the list of 42 targets for confirmation study,and three-microRNAs,miR-642b,miR-885-5p,and miR-22,were confirmed to show consistent expression between microarray and *** three microRNAs were then validated and evaluated as a diagnostic panel with a new cohort of patients and controls and found to yield high sensitivity(91%) and specificity(91%) with an area under the curve of 0.97(P < 0.001).Compared to the CA19-9 marker at 73%,the three-microRNA panel has higher sensitivity although

关键词： MicroRNA Diagnosis Biomarkers Pancreatic cancer Blood plasma Circulating

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Regulation of the G1 phase of the mammalian cell cycle

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Cell Research 2000年第1期10卷 1-16页

作者： DONJERKOVIC DUBRRAVKA david W SCOTT (Department of Immunology, Holland Laboratory for the Biomedical Sciences, American Red Cross, 15601 Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, md) DepartmentofImmunology HollandLaboratoryfortheBiomedicalSciencesAmericanRedCrossRockvilleMDUSA.

In any multi-cellular organism, the balance between cell division and cell death maintains a constant cell number. Both cell division cycle and cell death are highly regulated events. Whether the cell will proceed through the cycle or not, depends upon whether the conditions required at the checkpoints during the cycle are fulfilled. In higher eucaryotic cells, such as mammalian cells, signals that arrest the cycle usually act at a G1 checkpoint. Cells that pass this restriction point are committed to complete the cycle. Regulation of the GI phase of the cell cycle is extremely complex and involves many different families of proteins such as retinoblastoma family cyclin dependent kinases, cyclins, and cyclic kinase inhibitors.

关键词： Cell cycle cyclin dependent kinase cyclin cyclin kinase inhibitor.

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PRISMS-Fatigue computational framework for fatigue analysis in polycrystalline metals and alloys

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 349-360页

作者： Mohammadreza Yaghoobi Krzysztof S.Stopka Aaditya Lakshmanan Veera Sundararaghavan john E.Allison david L.McDowell Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Aerospace Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

The PRISMS-Fatigue open-source framework for simulation-based analysis of microstructural influences on fatigue resistance for polycrystalline metals and alloys is presented *** framework uses the crystal plasticity finite element method as its microstructure analysis tool and provides a highly efficient,scalable,flexible,and easy-to-use ICME community *** PRISMS-Fatigue framework is linked to different open-source software to instantiate microstructures,compute the material response,and assess fatigue indicator *** performance of PRISMS-Fatigue is benchmarked against a similar framework implemented using *** indicate that the multilevel parallelism scheme of PRISMS-Fatigue is more efficient and scalable than ABAQUS for large-scale fatigue *** performance and flexibility of this framework is demonstrated with various examples that assess the driving force for fatigue crack formation of microstructures with different crystallographic textures,grain morphologies,and grain numbers,and under different multiaxial strain states,strain magnitudes,and boundary conditions.

关键词： fatigue alloys grain

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Chloramine demand estimation using surrogate chemical and microbiological parameters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 1-7页

作者： Sina Moradi Sanly Liu Christopher W.K.Chow john van Leeuwen david Cook Mary Drikas Rose Amal School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Australian Water Quality Centre SA Water Corporation Centre for Water Management and Reuse School of Natural and Built EnvironmentsUniversity of South Australia

A model is developed to enable estimation of chloramine demand in full scale drinking water supplies based on chemical and microbiological factors that affect chloramine decay rate via nonlinear regression analysis *** model is based on organic character（specific ultraviolet absorbance（SUVA）） of the water samples and a laboratory measure of the microbiological（Fm） decay of *** applicability of the model for estimation of chloramine residual（and hence chloramine demand） was tested on several waters from different water treatment plants in Australia through statistical test analysis between the experimental and predicted *** showed that the model was able to simulate and estimate chloramine demand at various times in real drinking water *** elucidate the loss of chloramine over the wide variation of water quality used in this study,the model incorporates both the fast and slow chloramine decay *** significance of estimated fast and slow decay rate constants as the kinetic parameters of the model for three water sources in Australia was *** was found that with the same water source,the kinetic parameters remain the *** modelling approach has the potential to be used by water treatment operators as a decision support tool in order to manage chloramine disinfection.

关键词： Chloramine demand Drinking water treatment plants Modelling

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Developing a chloramine decay index to understand nitrification:A case study of two chloraminated drinking water distribution systems

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 170-179页

The management of chloramine decay and the prevention of nitrification are some of the critical issues faced by water utilities that use chloramine as a *** this study,potential association between high performance size exclusion chromatography（HPSEC）data obtained with multiple wavelength Ultraviolet（UV） detection from two drinking water distribution systems in Australia and nitrification occurrence was *** increase in the absorbance signal of HPSEC profiles with UV detection at λ = 230 nm between apparent molecular weights of 200 to 1000 Da was observed at sampling sites that experienced rapid chloramine decay and nitrification while its absorbance signal at λ =254 nm decreased.A chloramine decay index（C.D.I） defined as the ratio of area beneath the HPSEC spectra at two different wavelengths of 230 and 254 nm,was used in assessing chloramine decay *** *** of waters at locations that experienced nitrification were consistently higher than locations not experiencing nitrification.A simulated laboratory study showed that the formation of nitrite/nitrate and/or soluble microbial products and/or the release of extracellular polymeric substances（EPS） during nitrification may contribute to the *** findings suggest that C.D.I derived from HPSEC with multiple wavelength UV detection could be an informative index to track the occurrence of rapid chloramine decay and nitrification.

关键词： HPSEC Water distribution systems Nitrification Chloramine decay

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RECENT PROGRESS IN INCOMPRESSIBLE REYNOLDSAVERAGED NAVIER-STOKES SOLVERS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 1996年第1期8卷 13-30页

作者： C. H. Sung T. T. Huang(david Taylor Model Basin,CD/NSWC Bethesda, md 20084- 5000,USA) david Taylor Model Basin Bethesda United States

A new numerical approach based on a multiblock, multigrid, local refinement method has been developed. The multiblock structure makes grid generation for complex geometries easier,multigrid techniques significantly accelerate the rate of convergence and the local refinement method provides high spatial resolution of boundary lay6r and separated vortical flows with much reduced computer memory and CPU time. Sample three-dimensional flow computations for complex geometries are presented to illustrate the advantages in term of memory savings and reductions of CPU time in obtaining high spatial resolution solutions. High spatial resolution in the inner viscous layer is achieved by using the values of y+ for the first grid centers rom the wall in the order of 1 to 7. The required solution resolution in the dominantly viscous flow region (boundary layer, vortex core, or three-dimensional separated zone) dictates the acceptable spacing of grid cells in that region. It is very desirable to be able to reduce grid spacing locally in the critical region without changing the overall grid. The local refinement technique doubles grid numbers in all three directions for every level of refinement. Multiple levels of local grid refinement with moderate grid stretching can be used to provide fine grid spacing in rapidly changing flow regions such as near the wall, vortex core and separated shear layer. Thus, the method provides the required fine spatial resolution in the dominantly viscous region which is relatively small compared to the entire computational domain. This also avoids the used of excessively large aspect ratios of the grid cells near the rapidly changing now regions thus reduces truncation error and improves robustness. Furthermore, the results of numerical experimentation indicate that the present multigrid local refinement technique provides very effective numerical communications across the fine and coarse grid interfaces because the finer mesh is embedde

关键词： ultiblock multigrid local refinement

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A comparative study of the role of solute,potent particles and ultrasonic treatment during solidification of pure Mg,Mg-Zn and Mg-Zr alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第3期9卷 829-839页

作者： Nagasivamuni Balasubramani Gui Wang Mark A.Easton david H.St john Matthew S.Dargusch Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing(AMPAM) School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringThe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia School of Engineering RMIT UniversityCarlton3053 VICAustralia

Ultrasonic treatment(UST)applied during the solidification of pure Mg,eutectic(Mg-Zn)and peritectic(Mg-Zr)alloys was investigated in order to explore the grain refinement *** dependent grain refinement is observed in pure Mg where decreasing the superheat temperature(at which UST is applied from above the melting temperature,TM)from 100℃to 40℃produces significant refinement with a uniform grain *** presence of solute reduces the temperature dependence of the UST refinement and excellent grain refinement is obtained regardless of the superheat temperature(100℃or 40℃)and even with the use of preheated sonotrode in the Mg-6 wt.%Zn alloy.A further improvement in grain refinement is achieved when the alloy contains potent particles that introduce additional nucleation of grains in Mg-0.5 and 1.0 wt.%Zr alloys(producing an average grain size of≤100μm).At 40℃superheat,UST of Mg-Zn alloys produces excellent refinement(average grain size<200μm)with non-dendritic grains,which is normally achieved only with the addition of grain refining master alloy in the as-cast *** enhanced refinement observed in the eutectic alloy is explained through the undercooling imposed by a relatively cold sonotrode combined with high frequency vibrations and acoustic *** advantages of using a cold sonotrode,a low superheat and solute are demonstrated for achieving significant refinement during solidification of Mg alloys under UST without or with a lower addition of grain refining master alloys.

关键词： Grain refinement Mg-Zn alloy Mg-Zr alloy Ultrasonic treatment Interdependence Model Solidification

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Role of fecal microbiota transplant in management of hepatic encephalopathy: Current trends and future directions

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 17-32页

作者： Yash R Shah Hassam Ali Angad Tiwari david Guevara-Lazo Natalia Nombera-Aznaran Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Manesh Kumar Gangwani Harishankar Gopakumar Amir H Sohail SriLakshmiDevi Kanumilli Ernesto Calderon-Martinez Geetha Krishnamoorthy Nimish Thakral Dushyant Singh Dahiya Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Internal Medicine Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical CollegeJhansi 284001India Faculty of Medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLima 15102Peru Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Illinois College of Medicine at PeoriaPeoriaIL 61605United States Department of Surgery University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Internal Medicine GSL Medical CollegeRajamahendravaram 533296India Department of Internal Medicine Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad De Mexico 04510Mexico Department of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States

Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)offers a potential treatment avenue for hepatic encephalopathy(HE)by leveraging beneficial bacterial displacement to restore a balanced gut *** prevalence of HE varies with liver disease severity and *** pathogenesis involves ammonia toxicity,gut-brain communication disruption,and *** aims to restore gut microbiota balance,addressing these ***'s efficacy has been explored in various conditions,including *** suggest that FMT can modulate gut microbiota,reduce ammonia levels,and alleviate *** has shown promise in alcohol-associated,hepatitis B and C-associated,and non-alcoholic fatty liver *** include improved liver function,cognitive function,and the slowing of disease ***,larger,controlled studies are needed to validate its effectiveness in these *** have shown cognitive improvements through FMT,with potential benefits in cirrhotic ***,trials have demonstrated reduced serious adverse events and cognitive enhancements in FMT arms compared to the standard of *** evidence is promising,challenges remain:Limited patient numbers,varied dosages,administration routes,and donor *** large-scale,controlled trials are essential to establish standardized guidelines and ensure FMT's clinical applications and *** FMT holds potential for HE management,ongoing research is needed to address these challenges,optimize protocols,and expand its availability as a therapeutic option for diverse hepatic conditions.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Fecal microbiota transplant Cognitive impairment Liver cirrhosis Chronic liver disease

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Oil-bearing fluid inclusions from the Palaeoproterozoic:A review of biogeochemical results from time-capsules >2.0 Ga old

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第1期52卷 1-11页

作者： Simon C. GEORGE Adriana DUTKIEWICZ Herbert VOLK john RIDLEY david J. MOSSMAN Roger BUICK Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Macquarie University School of Geosciences University of Sydney CSIRO Petroleum Department of Geosciences Colorado State University Department of Geography Mount Allison University Department of Earth and Space Sciences & Astrobiology Program University of Washington

The observation of oil inclusions trapped prior to 2.0 Ga in Palaeoproterozoic rocks and the ability to obtain detailed molecular geochemical information from them provide a robust way for understanding the early biog... 详细信息

关键词： Palaeoproterozoic fluid inclusion oil biomarker blank

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Sheep numbers required for dry matter digestibility evaluations when fed fresh perennial ryegrass or forage rape

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第1期3卷 61-66页

作者： Xuezhao Sun Linda Krijgsman Garry C.Waghorn Holly Kjestrup john Koolaard david Pacheco Grasslands Research Centre Agresearch Limited DairyNZ Limited

Research trials with fresh forages often require accurate and precise measurement of digestibility and variation in digestion between individuals, and the duration of measurement periods needs to be established to ensure reliable data are obtained. The variation is likely to be greater when freshly harvested feeds are given, such as perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.) and forage rape(Brassica napus L.),because the nutrient composition changes over time and in response to weather conditions. Daily feed intake and faeces output data from a digestibility trial with these forages were used to calculate the effects of differing lengths of the measurement period and differing numbers of sheep, on the precision of digestibility, with a view towards development of a protocol. Sixteen lambs aged 8 months and weighing 33 kg at the commencement of the trial were fed either perennial ryegrass or forage rape(8/treatment group) over 2 periods with 35 d between measurements. They had been acclimatised to the diets, having grazed them for 42 d prior to 11 days of indoor measurements. The sheep numbers required for a digestibility trial with different combinations of acclimatisation and measurement period lengths were subsequently calculated for 3 levels of imposed precision upon the estimate of mean dry matter(DM) digestibility. It is recommended that if the standard error of the mean for digestibility is equal to or higher than 5 g/kg DM, and if sheep are already used to a fresh perennial ryegrass or forage rape diet,then a minimum of 6 animals are needed and 4 acclimatisation days being fed individually in metabolic crates followed by 7 days of measurement.

关键词： Sheep Digestibility Fresh forage Sample size

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