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Photonic gas sensors exploiting directly the optical properties of hybrid carbon nanotube localized surface plasmon structures

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 624-631页

作者： Thomas Allsop Raz Arif Ron Neal Kyriacos Kalli Vojtěch Kundrát Aleksey Rozhin Phil Culverhouse david j webb Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies School of Engineering and Applied ScienceAston UniversityAston TriangleBirmingham B47ETUK Nanoscience Research Group School of Engineering and Applied ScienceAston UniversityAston TriangleBirmingham B47ETUK Physics Department Faculty of ScienceUniversity of SulaimaniSulaimaniIraq-Kurdistan Region Faculty of Science and Technology School of MathsComputing and RoboticsUniversity of PlymouthPlymouth PL48AAUK Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Engineering and InformaticsCyprus University of TechnologyLimassol 3036Cyprus

Weinvestigate the modification of the optical properties of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)resulting from a chemical reaction triggered by the presence of a specific compound(gaseous carbon dioxide(CO_(2)))and show this mechanism has important consequences for chemical *** have attracted significant research interest because they can be functionalized for a particular chemical,yielding a specific physical response which suggests many potential applications in the fields of nanotechnology and *** far,however,utilizing their optical properties for this purpose has proven to be *** demonstrate the use of localized surface plasmons generated on a nanostructured thin film,resembling a large array of nano-wires,to detect changes in the optical properties of the *** selectivity is demonstrated using CO_(2) in gaseous form at room *** demonstrated methodology results additionally in a new,electrically passive,optical sensing configuration that opens up the possibilities of using CNTs as sensors in hazardous/explosive environments.

关键词： carbon nanotubes gas sensors localized surface plasmons optical sensing

A Rule Based Evolutionary Optimization Approach for the Traveling Salesman Problem

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Intelligent Information Management 2017年第4期9卷 115-132页

作者： Wissam M. Alobaidi david j. webb Eric Sandgren Systems Engineering Department Donaghey College of Engineering & Information Technology University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock AR USA Axalta Coating Systems Front Royal VA USA

The traveling salesman problem has long been regarded as a challenging application for existing optimization methods as well as a benchmark application for the development of new optimization methods. As with many existing algorithms, a traditional genetic algorithm will have limited success with this problem class, particularly as the problem size increases. A rule based genetic algorithm is proposed and demonstrated on sets of traveling salesman problems of increasing size. The solution character as well as the solution efficiency is compared against a simulated annealing technique as well as a standard genetic algorithm. The rule based genetic algorithm is shown to provide superior performance for all problem sizes considered. Furthermore, a post optimal analysis provides insight into which rules were successfully applied during the solution process which allows for rule modification to further enhance performance.

关键词： Traveling Salesman Evolutionary Optimization Rule Based Search Heuristic Optimization Hybrid Genetic Algorithm

Maze Navigation via Genetic Optimization

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Intelligent Information Management 2018年第1期10卷 1-15页

作者： david j. webb Wissam M. Alobaidi Eric Sandgren Axalta Coating Systems Front Royal Virginia USA Systems Engineering Department Donaghey College of Engineering & Information Technology University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock Arkansas USA

One of the most interesting applications of genetic algorithms falls into the area of decision support. Decision support problems involve a series of decisions, each of which is influenced by all decisions made prior to that point. This class of problems occurs often in enterprise management, particularly in the area of scheduling or resource allocation. In order to demonstrate the formulation of this class of problems, a series of maze problems will be presented. The complexity of the mazes is intensified as each new maze is introduced. Two solving scenarios are introduced and comparison results are provided. The first scenario incorporated the traditional genetic algorithm procedure for the intended purpose of acquiring a solution based upon a purely evolutionary approach. The second scenario utilized the genetic algorithm in conjunction with embedded domain specific knowledge in the form of decision rules. The implementation of domain specific knowledge is intended to enhance solution convergence time and improve the overall quality of offspring produced which significantly increases the probability of acquiring a more accurate and consistent solution. Results are provided below for all mazes considered. These results include the traditional genetic algorithm final result and the genetic algorithm optimization approach with embedded rules result. Both results were incorporated for comparison purposes. Overall, the incorporation of domain specific knowledge outperformed the traditional genetic algorithm in both performance and computation time. Specifically, the traditional genetic algorithm failed to adequately find an acceptable solution for each example presented and prematurely converged on average within 54% of their specified generations. Additionally, the most complex maze generated an optimal path directional sequence (i.e. N, S, E, W) via a traditional genetic algorithm which possessed only 50% of the required allowable path sequences for maze completion.

关键词： Maze Navigation Genetic Optimization

Recent developments of Bragg gratings in PMMA and TOPAS polymer optical fibers

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Recent developments of Bragg gratings in PMMA and TOPAS poly...

为规范处方行为开个处方——一些医学生并不具备熟练开处方的能力

2007亚洲光电子会议先进的传感系统与应用分会场

作者： david j.webb Kyriacos Kalli Karen Carroll Michael Komodromos Alex Argyros Maryanne Large Grigoriy Emiliyanov Ole Bang Erik Kjaer Photonic Research Group Aston University Aston Triangle Birmingham B4 7ET UK Nanophotonics Research Laboratory Higher Technical Institute Nicosia 2152 Cyprus Frederick Research Centre 7 Filokyprou Nicosia Cyprus Optical Fibre Technology Centre University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark Danish Polymer Centre (DTU) Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark

We report on the temperature response of FBGs recorded in pure PMMA and TOPAS holey fibers. The gratings are fabricated for operational use at near IR wavelengths, using a phase mask and a cw He-Cd laser operating at 325nm. The room temperature grating response is non-linear and characterized by quadratic behavior for temperatures from room temperature to the glass transition temperature, and this permanent change is affected by the thermal history of the gratings. We also report the first FBG inscription in microstructured polymer optical fibers fabricated from TOPAS. This material is fully polymerized and has very low moisture absorption, leading to very good fiber drawing properties. Furthermore, although TOPAS is chemically inert and bio-molecules do not readily bind to its surface, treatment with Antraquinon and subsequent UV activation allows sensing molecules to be deposited in well defined spatial locations. When combined with grating technology this provides considerable potential for label-free bio-sensing.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings polymer optical fiber temperature response PMMA TOPAS bio-sensing

来源： cnki会议评论

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英国医学杂志中文版 2007年第1期10卷 5-6页

作者： jeffrey K Aronson Graeme Henderson david j webb Michael D Rawlins 肖月（译） British Pharmacological Society London EC1V 2SC Chairman of the committee of heads and professors of clinical pharmacology Wolfson Unit of Clinical Pharmacology University of NewcastleNewcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH 不详

每年的这个时候，新分配来的医生上岗了，老的担心又出现了——他们受过良好的培训了吗？特别令人担忧的是：他们在临床药物治疗和开处方方面是否受过合格的培训？我们认为培训未必合格。

关键词：处方行为医学生能力药物治疗新分配培训

Women in visual neural regeneration research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia S.Rex david j.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks the 60^(th)anniversary of Title IX and 25 years since the New York Times revealed bias against female faculty members at the Massachusetts Institute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the state of gender bias in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the visual system,for which there is a well-defined context useful for this *** National Eye Institute(NEI)provided the first round of research funding for its Audacious Goals Initiative(AGI)on visual neural regeneration in 2013 and the last round in ***,we focus on this *** sources included PubMed,the National Science Foundation(NSF),the NEI,the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research and data from the major professional organization for eye and vision research,the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural visual Times

Eliciting conditioned taste aversion in lizards:Live toxic prey are more effective than scent and taste cues alone

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第2期12卷 112-120页

作者： Georgia WARD-FEAR jai THOMAS jonathan K.webb david j.PEARSON Richard SHINE School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityWestern AustraliaAustralia School of Life Sciences University of Technology SydneyBroadwayNew South WalesAustralia Western Australian Department of Parks and Wildlife WanerooWestern AustraliaAustralia

Conditioned taste aversion(CTA)is an adaptive learning mechanism whereby a consumer associates the taste of a certain food with symptoms caused by a toxic substance,and thereafter avoids eating that type of ***,wildlife researchers have employed CTA to discourage native fauna from ingesting toxic cane toads(Rhinella marina),a species that is invading tropical *** this paper,we compare the results of 2 sets of CTA trials on large varanid lizards(“goannas,”Varanus panoptes).One set of trials(described in this paper)exposed recently-captured lizards to sausages made from cane toad flesh,laced with a nausea-inducing chemical(lithium chloride)to reinforce the aversion *** other trials(in a recently-published paper,reviewed herein)exposed free-ranging lizards to live juvenile cane *** effectiveness of the training was judged by how long a lizard survived in the wild before it was killed(fatally poisoned)by a cane *** stimuli elicited rapid aversion to live toads,but the CTA response did not enhance survival rates of the sausage-trained goannas after they were released into the *** contrast,the goannas exposed to live juvenile toads exhibited higher long-term survival rates than did untrained *** results suggest that although it is relatively easy to elicit short-term aversion to toad cues in goannas,a biologically realistic stimulus(live toads,encountered by free-ranging predators)is most effective at buffering these reptiles from the impact of invasive toxic prey.

关键词： conditioned taste aversion invasive species Rhinella marina Varanus conservation tropical Australia

On the radiogenic heat production of igneous rocks

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第5期8卷 919-940页

作者： D. Hasterok j. webb Department of Earth Sciences University of Adelaide North Terrace SA 5005 Australia Ramelius Resources Ltd. East Perth WA 6005 Australia

Radiogenic heat production is a physical parameter crucial to properly estimating lithospheric temperatures and properly understanding processes related to the thermal evolution of the Earth. Yet heat production is, in general, poorly constrained by direct observation because the key radiogenic elements exist in trace amounts making them difficulty image geophysically. In this study, we advance our knowledge of heat production throughout the lithosphere by analyzing chemical analyses of 108,103 igneous rocks provided by a number of geochemical databases. We produce global estimates of the average and natural range for igneous rocks using common chemical classification systems. Heat production increases as a function of increasing felsic and alkali content with similar values for analogous plutonic and volcanic rocks. The logarithm of median heat production is negatively correlated(r^2=0.98)to compositionally-based estimates of seismic velocities between 6.0 and 7.4 km s^(-1), consistent with the vast majority of igneous rock compositions. Compositional variations for continent-wide models are also well-described by a log-linear correlation between heat production and seismic velocity. However, there are differences between the log-linear models for North America and Australia, that are consistent with interpretations from previous studies that suggest above average heat production across much of Australia. Similar log-linear models also perform well within individual geological provinces with^1000 samples. This correlation raises the prospect that this empirical method can be used to estimate average heat production and natural variance both laterally and vertically throughout the lithosphere. This correlative relationship occurs despite a direct causal relationship between these two parameters but probably arises from the process of differentiation through melting and crystallization.

关键词： Heat generation lgneous rocks Heat producing elements Continental lithosphere Seismic velocity Density

On the radiogenic heat production of metamorphic,igneous,and sedimentary rocks

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第6期9卷 1777-1794页

作者： D.Hasterok M.Gard j.webb Department of Earth Sciences University of AdelaideNorth TerraceSA5005Australia Centre for Tectonics Research and Exploration(TRaX) University of AdelaideNorth TerraceSA5005Australia Ramelius Resources Ltd. East PerthWA 6005Australia

Sedimentary rocks cover-73% of the Earth's surface and metamorphic rocks account for approximately91% of the crust by volume. Understanding the average behavior and variability of heat production for these rock types are vitally important for developing accurate models of lithospheric temperature. We analyze the heat production of ～204,000 whole rock geochemical data to quantify how heat production of these rocks varies with respect to chemistry and their evolution during metamorphism. The heat production of metaigneous and metasedimentary rocks are similar to their respective protoliths. Igneous and metaigneous samples increase in heat production with increasing SiO_2 and K_2 O, but decrease with increasing FeO, MgO and CaO. Sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks increase in heat production with increasing Al_2 O_3, FeO, TiO_2, and K_2 O but decrease with increasing CaO. For both igneous and sedimentary rocks, the heat production variations are largely correlated with processes that affect K_2 O concentration and covary with other major oxides as a consequence. Among sedimentary rocks,aluminous shales are the highest heat producing(2.9 μW^(-3)) whereas more common iron shales are lower heat producing(1.7 μW m^(-3)). Pure quartzites and carbonates are the lowest heat producing sedimentary rocks. Globally, there is little definitive evidence for a decrease in heat production with increasing metamorphic grade. However, there remains the need for high resolution studies of heat production variations within individual protoliths that vary in metamorphic grade. These results improve estimates of heat production and natural variability of rocks that will allow for more accurate temperature models of the lithosphere.

关键词： Heat generation Density Metamorphic rocks Sedimentary rocks Igneous rocks Continental lithosphere